24 research outputs found

    Sustainability of biohydrogen as fuel: Present scenario and future perspective

    Get PDF

    ICAR: endoscopic skull鈥恇ase surgery

    Get PDF
    n/

    INVESTIGACI脫N - COLECTA, CARACTERIZACI脫N Y UTILIZACI脫N DE LA VARIABILIDAD GEN脡TICA EN GERMOPLASMA CHILENO DE POROTO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Collection, characterization and use of genetic variation in Chilean bean germplasm (Phaseolus vulgaris L.))

    No full text
    Recently performed studies on the type of seed protein present from several origins and their morphological traits have shown that the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is native to America, being a species without a specific center of origin and with two areas of domestication: Central America and South America. In this last center, three strains were determined, one of them is called "the Chilean strain," which as noted is a sub-center of genetic diversity for this species. With the purpose of collecting and preserving the genetic diversity present in the Chilean ecotypes, a germplasm collection was made, from Arica to Chiloe, visiting 207 locations in 28 expeditions and collecting 1239 accessions. This material was seeded in two Regional Center of Research La Platina in Santiago, and Quilamapu in Chillan, to study the genetic variation of 11 morphological traits. Through an analysis of frequency distributions, great variability was observed: from growth habit I to IV with different shape of leaves, white to purple colored flowers, with different shapes and sizes of bracteoles; diversity in shape, size and color of pods with dorsally or centrally located beaks. The seed varied from a small to large size, with a round or oval shape and a large variation in the primary color and its combinations. Of all the accessions evaluated, it is estimated that 24% corresponded to Chilean ecotypes that had the typical characteristics of the Chilean strain. This material has been used for genetic improvement of the "tortola" and coscorron" types, inheritability studies and molecular classification

    Colecta, caracterizaci\uf3n y utilizaci\uf3n de la variabilidad gen\ue9tica en germoplasma Chileno de poroto ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

    No full text
    Recently performed studies on the type of seed protein present from several origins and their morphological traits have shown that the common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is native to America, being a species without a specific center of origin and with two areas of domestication: Central America and South America. In this last center, three strains were determined, one of them is called "the Chilean strain," which as noted is a sub-center of genetic diversity for this species. With the purpose of collecting and preserving the genetic diversity present in the Chilean ecotypes, a germplasm collection was made, from Arica to Chiloe, visiting 207 locations in 28 expeditions and collecting 1239 accessions. This material was seeded in two Regional Center of Research La Platina in Santiago, and Quilamapu in Chillan, to study the genetic variation of 11 morphological traits. Through an analysis of frequency distributions, great variability was observed: from growth habit I to IV with different shape of leaves, white to purple colored flowers, with different shapes and sizes of bracteoles; diversity in shape, size and color of pods with dorsally or centrally located beaks. The seed varied from a small to large size, with a round or oval shape and a large variation in the primary color and its combinations. Of all the accessions evaluated, it is estimated that 24% corresponded to Chilean ecotypes that had the typical characteristics of the Chilean strain. This material has been used for genetic improvement of the "tortola" and coscorron" types, inheritability studies and molecular classification.Estudios realizados recientemente con el tipo de prote\uedna de semilla de diversos or\uedgenes y sus caracter\uedsticas morfol\uf3gicas han demostrado que el poroto ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es originario de Am\ue9rica, siendo una especie sin un centro de origen espec\uedfico y con dos grandes \ue1reas de domesticaci\uf3n: Mesoam\ue9rica y Sudam\ue9rica. Para esta \ufaltima se han determinado tres razas, una de las cuales se ha denominado "raza Chile", que lo se\uf1ala como un subcentro de diversidad gen\ue9tica para esta especie. Con el prop\uf3sito de preservar y conocer esta variabilidad se hizo una recolecci\uf3n de los ecotipos chilenos, desde Arica a Chilo\ue9, recogi\ue9ndose 1239 accesiones en 28 expediciones en las que se visitaron 207 localidades. Este material fue sembrado en los Centro Regionales de Investigaci\uf3n La Platina en Santiago y Quilamapu en Chill\ue1n, para evaluar la diversidad gen\ue9tica presente en 11 caracteres morfol\uf3gicos. A trav\ue9s de un an\ue1lisis de distribuci\uf3n de frecuencia se determin\uf3 una gran variabilidad: desde h\ue1bito de crecimiento I a IV con distintas formas de hoja, color de flor desde blanco a p\ufarpura, presencia de todos los tipos de bracteolas, diversidad en la forma, tama\uf1o y color de vainas con \ue1pice dorsal o central. La semilla vari\uf3 de un tama\uf1o peque\uf1o a grande, con forma redonda a alargada y con gran variaci\uf3n en el color primario o en la combinaci\uf3n de ellos. Del total de accesiones evaluadas, se estim\uf3 que un 24% correspondi\uf3 a ecotipos chilenos que presentaron las caracter\uedsticas t\uedpicas descritas para la raza Chile. Este material ha sido usado para el mejoramiento gen\ue9tico de tipos "t\uf3rtolas" y "coscorr\uf3n", estudios de heredabilidad y caracterizaci\uf3n molecular

    Calp煤n-INIA, cultivar de lenteja ( Lens culinaris Medik.) de grano grande y resistente a roya

    No full text
    Calp煤n-INIA is a rust (Uromyces fabae Pers.) resistant lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivar that was developed by the former Food Legume Program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), Chile. It is derived from crosses between the Chilean rust-susceptible Araucana-INIA and the Canadian rust-resistant Laird cultivars, using earliness, Araucana-INIA's type of plant architecture, seed size, seed yield and rust resistance as selection criteria. Calp煤n-INIA belongs to the large seeded cultivars (macrosperma type), averaging 8 g per 100 seeds, and > 65% of seeds retained in a 7 mm sieve. The seed is partially flattened, with pale green to grey background and pale yellow cotyledons. Averaged across years, the seed yield of Calp煤n-INIA was 17% lower than Araucana-INIA's in rust-free environments, whereas Calp煤n-INIA out-yielded Araucana-INIA by 60 to 95% in environments where this disease is the main constraint for lentil production. Calp煤n-INIA is the first lentil cultivar released by INIA, combining high yield and large seed size with rust resistanceCalp煤n-INIA es un cultivar de lenteja (Lens culinaris Medik.) resistente a la roya (Uromyces fabae Pers.), desarrollado por el ex Programa de Leguminosas de Grano del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Chile. Se origina de un cruzamiento entre el cultivar chileno Araucana-INIA susceptible a la roya y el cultivar canadiense Laird resistente a roya, utilizando precocidad, arquitectura de planta del tipo Araucana-INIA, tama帽o de grano, rendimiento de grano y resistencia a roya como criterios de selecci贸n. Calp煤n-INIA pertenece a los cultivares de tama帽o de grano grande (tipo macrosperma), con peso promedio de 8 g por 100 granos, y con tama帽o de grano de 7 mm superior a 65%. La semilla es parcialmente aplanada, de color verde claro a gris y de cotiledones amarillo p谩lidos. En promedio de temporadas, el rendimiento en grano de Calp煤n-INIA fue 17% inferior a Araucana-INIA, en evaluaciones realizadas en ambientes libres de roya. En tanto, su rendimiento supera a Araucana-INIA entre 60 a 95%, en ambientes donde la enfermedad es la principal limitante de producci贸n. Calp煤n-INIA es el primer cultivar de lenteja desarrollado por INIA que combina alto rendimiento y calibre de grano, con resistencia a roya

    SUPER ARAUCANA-INIA: UNA NUEVA VARIEDAD DE LENTEJA (Lens culinaris Med.) CHILENA DE GRANO GRANDE (Super Araucana-INIA: a new Chilean large-seed lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) cultivar)

    No full text
    SuperAraucana-INIA is the first lentil cultivar developed in Chile by crossing (Araucana-INIA x Tekoa) x De la Mata, which was first done at the Quilamapu Research Center of the National Institute of Agricultural Investigations (INIA) in 1984. Its main characteristic is the production of 70% of the seeds with over a 7mm diameter, which is called "lentej贸n" in the internal market, and a yield similar to Araucana-INIA. SuperAraucana-INIA is susceptible to the lentil rust caused by Uromyces fabae 聽 f. sp. lentis , making necessary its protection with fungicides, especially when it is planted in dry coastal loam soils in winter and rich lowland soils in spring

    Composici贸n inorg谩nica de semillas de genotipos de poroto ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), raza Chile

    No full text
    The current Chilean bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) collection is about 1110 accessions. To facilitate the characterization of this germplasm a core collection of 246 accessions was formed. Little information exists about the mineral content and other quality traits for those bean genotypes. This information could be useful to determine their quality and to promote its consumption. The objective of this work was to evaluate the variability for macro and micronutrients of a representative bean sample from a Chilean core collection and to compare them with representatives from other races. The results indicated the presence of a wide variability for some macro and micronutrients, such as N, Fe, and Zn. The protein content varied from 183.5 to 259.7 g kg-1, Fe from 68.9 to 152.4 mg kg-1, and Zn from 27.9 to 40.7 mg kg-1. This situation could allow to select those genotypes with higher elements and to improve the current cultivars. The simple correlation analysis indicated that the N content was positively correlated with protein, P, Cu, Zn, and S content and negatively correlated with B content and the C/N ratio of the seed. The Fe content was positively correlated with Mn and Ca content and Zn content was positively correlated with the N, P, Cu and S content and negatively correlated with the relation C/N ratio of bean seed. There were no significant differences between the Chilean bean genotypes compared to genotypes from other races.La colecci贸n de poroto com煤n ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Chile cuenta con 1110 accesiones. Para facilitar la caracterizaci贸n de este germoplasma se form贸 una colecci贸n n煤cleo de 246 accesiones. Existe poca informaci贸n acerca del contenido de minerales y otras caracter铆sticas de calidad para estos genotipos de poroto. Esta informaci贸n podr铆a ser 煤til para determinar la calidad y potencialidad de esta especie y para promover su consumo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la variabilidad de los macro y micronutrientes de una muestra representativa de la colecci贸n n煤cleo y compararla con genotipos representativos de las otras razas. Los resultados indicaron la presencia de una amplia variabilidad de macro y micronutrientes, tales como N, Fe, y Zn. El contenido de prote铆na vari贸 entre 183,5 y 259,7 g kg-1, Fe desde 68,9 hasta 152,4 mg kg-1, y Zn entre 27,9 y 40,7 mg kg-1. Esta situaci贸n podr铆a permitir seleccionar genotipos con alta concentraci贸n de estos elementos para mejorar los actuales cultivares. El an谩lisis de correlaci贸n simple indic贸 que el contenido de N estuvo positivamente correlacionado con el contenido de prote铆na, P, Cu, Zn y S y negativamente correlacionado con el contenido de B y la relaci贸n C/N de la semilla. El contenido de Fe estuvo positivamente correlacionado con el contenido de Mn y Ca. El contenido de Zn estuvo positivamente correlacionado con el contenido de N, P, Cu y S y negativamente correlacionado con la relaci贸n C/N. No hubo diferencias significativas entre genotipos chilenos con genotipos de otras razas y acervo gen茅tico

    Calp\ufan-INIA, cultivar de lenteja ( Lens culinaris Medik.) de grano grande y resistente a roya

    No full text
    Calp\ufan-INIA is a rust (Uromyces fabae Pers.) resistant lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivar that was developed by the former Food Legume Program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), Chile. It is derived from crosses between the Chilean rust-susceptible Araucana-INIA and the Canadian rust-resistant Laird cultivars, using earliness, Araucana-INIA's type of plant architecture, seed size, seed yield and rust resistance as selection criteria. Calp\ufan-INIA belongs to the large seeded cultivars (macrosperma type), averaging 8 g per 100 seeds, and > 65% of seeds retained in a 7 mm sieve. The seed is partially flattened, with pale green to grey background and pale yellow cotyledons. Averaged across years, the seed yield of Calp\ufan-INIA was 17% lower than Araucana-INIA's in rust-free environments, whereas Calp\ufan-INIA out-yielded Araucana-INIA by 60 to 95% in environments where this disease is the main constraint for lentil production. Calp\ufan-INIA is the first lentil cultivar released by INIA, combining high yield and large seed size with rust resistanceCalp\ufan-INIA es un cultivar de lenteja (Lens culinaris Medik.) resistente a la roya (Uromyces fabae Pers.), desarrollado por el ex Programa de Leguminosas de Grano del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Chile. Se origina de un cruzamiento entre el cultivar chileno Araucana-INIA susceptible a la roya y el cultivar canadiense Laird resistente a roya, utilizando precocidad, arquitectura de planta del tipo Araucana-INIA, tama\uf1o de grano, rendimiento de grano y resistencia a roya como criterios de selecci\uf3n. Calp\ufan-INIA pertenece a los cultivares de tama\uf1o de grano grande (tipo macrosperma), con peso promedio de 8 g por 100 granos, y con tama\uf1o de grano de 7 mm superior a 65%. La semilla es parcialmente aplanada, de color verde claro a gris y de cotiledones amarillo p\ue1lidos. En promedio de temporadas, el rendimiento en grano de Calp\ufan-INIA fue 17% inferior a Araucana-INIA, en evaluaciones realizadas en ambientes libres de roya. En tanto, su rendimiento supera a Araucana-INIA entre 60 a 95%, en ambientes donde la enfermedad es la principal limitante de producci\uf3n. Calp\ufan-INIA es el primer cultivar de lenteja desarrollado por INIA que combina alto rendimiento y calibre de grano, con resistencia a roya

    Super Araucana-INIA: Una Nueva Variedad de Lenteja (Lens CulinarisMed.) Chilena de Grano Grande

    No full text
    SuperAraucana-INIA is the first lentil cultivar developed in Chile by crossing (Araucana-INIA x Tekoa) x De la Mata, which was first done at the Quilamapu Research Center of the National Institute of Agricultural Investigations (INIA) in 1984. Its main characteristic is the production of 70% of the seeds with over a 7mm diameter, which is called "lentej\uf3n" in the internal market, and a yield similar to Araucana-INIA. SuperAraucana-INIA is susceptible to the lentil rust caused by Uromyces fabae f. sp. lentis , making necessary its protection with fungicides, especially when it is planted in dry coastal loam soils in winter and rich lowland soils in spring.SuperAraucana-INIA es la primera variedad de lenteja obtenida en Chile a trav\ue9s de cruzamientos (Araucana-INIA x Tekoa) x De la Mata, el que fue realizado en 1984 en el Centro Regional de Investigaci\uf3n Quilamapu, del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA). Su principal caracter\uedstica es la producci\uf3n superior a 70% de granos de 7 mm de di\ue1metro o "lentej\uf3n", y un rendimiento similar a Araucana-INIA. Es susceptible a la roya de la lenteja causada por el hongo Uromyces fabae f. sp. lentis , siendo necesaria su protecci\uf3n con fungicidas, especialmente en el secano costero en siembras realizadas en invierno en suelo de loma y en primavera en suelo de vega

    Selecci贸n de una colecci贸n n煤cleo representativa del germoplasma chileno de porotos

    No full text
    Race Chile is an important component of the genetic structure of the common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The germplasm bank of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA contains 1200 accessions distributed mainly into two Active Working Germplasm Banks at INIA La Platina (Santiago) and at INIA Quilamapu (Chill谩n) and also the Germplasm Base Bank at INIA Intihuasi (La Serena). The Chilean collection possesses accessions collected throughout the country. One way to study and use the germplasm stored at the Seed Banks is the formation of a core collection. The objectives of this work were: a) To establish a common bean core collection with the germplasm collected throughout the country, and b) to evaluate its representatives based on phenotypic data and to compare with data from the whole collection. The results indicated that the Chilean base collection contained accessions belonging to the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools and to genotypes belong to race Chile, Per煤, Nueva Granada, Mesoamerica and Durango. The Chilean bean core collection consisted of 246 accessions. Comparison for several phenotypic traits data from 246 accessions from the whole and core collection indicated the genetic variation expressed for each trait in the whole collection was quite well represented in the core collection. This core collection will be very useful for further phenotypic and genetic characterization and to select accessions for the bean breeding program.La raza Chile es un componente importante de la estructura gen茅tica del germoplasma del poroto com煤n ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). El Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, posee alrededor de 1200 accesiones almacenadas en los Bancos activos de Germoplasma en INIA La Platina (Santiago) e INIA Quilamapu (Chill谩n) y Banco Base en INIA Intihuasi (La Serena). Esta colecci贸n est谩 formada por accesiones colectadas a trav茅s de todo el pa铆s. La formaci贸n de una colecci贸n n煤cleo se ha planteado como una forma de hacer un uso m谩s eficiente del germoplasma almacenado en los Bancos de Germoplasma. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron formar una colecci贸n n煤cleo de germoplasma de porotos, y evaluar su representatividad. La estrategia utilizada para formar la colecci贸n n煤cleo fue la estratificaci贸n de las accesiones de la colecci贸n base de acuerdo al acervo gen茅tico y raza, permitiendo que la mayor diversidad gen茅tica estuviera representada en esta nueva colecci贸n. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la colecci贸n base estaba formada por genotipos pertenecientes a los acervos gen茅ticos Andino y Mesoamericano y a las razas cultivadas Chile, Per煤, Nueva Granada, Mesoam茅rica y Durango. La colecci贸n n煤cleo estuvo formada por 246 accesiones, donde se dio mayor representatividad a las accesiones de la raza Chile. La comparaci贸n morfol贸gica, fenol贸gica y agron贸mica permiti贸 determinar que la diversidad gen茅tica presente en la colecci贸n base estaba representada adecuadamente en la colecci贸n n煤cleo. Esta colecci贸n n煤cleo ser谩 de gran utilidad para futuros estudios de caracterizaci贸n de este germoplasma y para seleccionar progenitores para el programa de mejoramiento gen茅tico de frejol
    corecore