A Jerte Valley Cherry-Based Product as a Supply of Tryptophan

L-Tryptophan (tryptophan) is an essential amino acid in humans. It has important roles as a precursor of different bioactive compounds. Based on previous studies in which tryptophan has been shown to be present in fresh cherries, the aim of the present work was to analyze the tryptophan content of a Jerte Valley cherry-based product. A previously optimized method of analysis of tryptophan was used, ie, high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FL). As expected, HPLC/FL technique permitted to detect and quantify the tryptophan content in a different matrix rather than fresh cherries. In fact, the Jerte Valley cherry-based product contained 69.54 ± 10.64 ppm of tryptophan, thereby showing that this product is a good source of tryptophan. In summary, it has been proven that the Jerte Valley cherry-based product is rich in tryptophan and may be indicated as a supply of this essential amino acid as well as having potential health benefits for conditions where tryptophan is necessary

Urinary endogenous steroids and their relationships with BMD and body composition in health young males

Some studies have stated that steroid hormones have associations with the values of strength, bone mass density (BMD), and body composition shown by people. In this way, steroid hormonal changes have been directly or indirectly associated with changes in body composition, fat distribution, lean mass, muscle weakness, osteoporosis, as well as depression. Regarding to this topic, most studies have been carried out using blood samples. However, some research has tried to analyze the correlation among urinary steroid hormones and body mass index, fat mass, or BMD. Urinary samples are easy to obtain in sufficient quantities without the need for invasive techniques. Therefore, in this study, we tested the hypothesis that the values of bone mineral density and body composition are related to the values of urinary endogenous steroid excretion (androgens, estro- gens, and corticosteroids)

Is deproteinization necessary in the determination of human plasmatic steroids by GC/IT-MS/MS analysis?

Human plasma is composed on average of 7% of proteins, where the main one is albumin, with concentrations range of 3.2-4.8 g/dL. Many studies consider plasmatic proteins to be a problem in relation to plasma analysis, so they must be eliminated. In this work, we have performed several deproteinization tests with acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, HCl 0.5 M/methanol (1:1) (v/v), trichloroacetic acid (10%), sulfosalicylic acid (20%) and perchloric acid, proteases and activated carbon before analyzing twelfe plasmatic steroids hormones using gas chromatography directly coupled ion-trap mass spectrometry. Signal/noise ratios of tests were determine to assess whether a previous deproteinization treatment is necessary or not prior to their analysis. The use of chemical deproteinization methods, proteases and active carbon did not improve the signal/noise ratio. Deproteinization is not required for the analysis of steroid hormones in plasma using gas chromatography-directly coupled ion-trap mass spectrometry

Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología Tomo 45 Número 1-2

l. Suelos. Química. Comparación de tres métodos diferentes para la medida del pH en los suelos de Gran Canaria. Por J. A. López Lancia, F. Polo Conde, A. Arribi López.-- Suelos AC sobre granitos de Galicia (N.O. de España) con especial referencia al ranker atlántico. V. Mineralogía. Por M. Carballas, M. C. Villar, F. Guitián Ojea y T. Carballas.-- Adsorción de parathion en suelos: influencia del conjunto arcilla-materia orgánica y su posible repercusión en suelos artificiales de invernaderos. Por M. Villafranca Sánchez, E. González Pradas y F. del Rey Bueno.-- Caracterización del fósforo en suelos gallegos: estudio comportamiento de los procedimientos de Chang y Jackson, 1957, y de Hedley Et. Al., 1982. Por Mª C. Trasar Cepeda, F. Gil Sotres y F. Guitián Ojea.-- Estudio de la contaminación por plagicidas en suelos de invernaderos. Por E. González Pradas, M. Villafranca Sánchez, l. Pérez Alvarez, A. Valverde García y R. J. Plaza Capel.-- Génesis de minerales interestratificados de la arcilla a partir de rocas espilíticas de Guernica. Por J. Casas, J. L. M. de Vidales, M. A. Hoyos y J. Guijarro.-- l. Suelos. Génesis, clasificación y cartografía. Formaciones edáficas del sector N.E. de la provincia de Cuenca. (II) inceptisoles. Por J. Batlles Sales, J. Gumuzzio Fernández, J. L. Martín de Vidales.-- Formaciones edáficas del sector N.E. de la provincia de Cuenca. (III) Mollisoles. Por J. Batlles Sales, J. Gumuzzio Fernández, J. L. Martín de Vidales, J. B. Alvarez Martín.-- Mineralogía de andosoles de la zona Cafetalera de Veracruz (México). Por N. García Calderón, T. Aleixandre, A. Pinilla y N. Aguilera.-- Contribución al estudio de suelos de alta montaña (Picos de Europa). l. Morfología, datos analíticos y clasificación. Por M. L. Palomar, G. Villamil, J. Hernando Costa, M. T. de la Cruz Caravaca.- Contribución al estudio de suelos de alta montaña (Picos de Europa). II. Estudio químico y mineralógico. Génesis. Por M. L. Palomar, G. Villamil, J. Hernando Costa, M. T. de la Cruz Caravaca.-- l. Suelos. Fertilidad. Aplicación del análisis factorial a la evaluación de la fertilidad de suelos. Por J. Moreno, M. T. Estañ, V. Martínez López y M. C. Bolarín.—II. Biología Vegetal. Nutrición. Estudio de la composición química de plantas de pimiento a lo largo del ciclo de cultivo. Por P. Zornoza y B. Arozanera.-- Interacción Rhizobium-Micorriza sobre el crecimiento y nutrición de Trifoliumrepens 1, en suelo ácido. Efecto del encalado y de la adición de roca fosfórica. Por D. F. Puccini, R. Azcon, E. J. Bedmar y J. M. Barea.-- Efecto de la aplicación foliar del MO sobre algunos aspectos nutricionales de la planta de patata. Por E. Esteban, J. Robles y F. Gallardo-Lara.-- Efecto de los niveles de Fe y Mn sobre el crecimiento de distintos cultivares de soja (Giycine Max/L/Merr.). Por E. O. Lerdi y M. Gómez.-- Manganeso asimilable en campos del suelo de Cartagena (Murcia). Por J. Moreno, M. T. Estañ, M. G. Guillén y M. C. Bolarín.-- II. Biología Vegetal. Fisiología - Análisis por cromatografia gas-líquido de los derivados silicados de los ácidos fijos del vino. Por F. Henao, J. L. Menas, J. l. Maynar y R. Zamora.-- Características foliares de haploides nicotiana tabacum seleccionados por eficacia fotosintética. Por H. Medrana.-- Susceptibilidad de distintas variedades de guisante, veza y lupino a la infección por glomus mosseae. Por E. J. Bedmar y J. A. Ocampo.-- Influencia del estado de hidratación del talo en los cuerpos de reserva del ficobionte liquénico myrmecia. Por S. Rapsch y C. Ascaso.-- II. Biología Vegetal. Agrobiología - Utilización de los reguladores del crecimiento en los cultivos de cebada. Por l. de la Morena Valenzuela.-- Fitomasa subterránea en pastizales semiáridos de dehesa. Efectos del relieve y evo- lución con la profundidad. Por J. M. Gómez e l. Barrera.-- III. BibliografíaPeer reviewe

The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response: lessons from ISARIC

International audienc

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83-7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97-2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14-1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25-1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83–7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97–2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14–1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25–1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable

ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use