A Compact Array Transducer for Full Calibration of Underwater Acoustic Detection Neutrino Telescopes

[EN] KM3NeT, the underwater neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea, is a detector under construction. KM3NeT uses Digital Optical Modules (DOMs) to detect neutrinos but there will be a study about the viability to acoustic detection of neutrinos using mainly the acoustic sensors the telescope has for positioning purposes. For this, it is necessary to calibrate and test the acoustic response of the receivers in the detector to determine the sensitivity to detect the neutrino acoustic signal and discriminate it from the environmental background. In this work, the strategy for the calibration of the sensor system using a compact array using three steps (frequency, directivity and neutrino signal-like) is described. Moreover, some R&D activities and results about the second step (long parametric directive signals) are shown.Financial support of the Spanish Plan Estatal de Investigación, ref. PGC2018-096663-B-C43 (MICINN/FEDER)Ardid Ramírez, M.; Tortosa, DD.; Martínez Mora, JA. (2019). A Compact Array Transducer for Full Calibration of Underwater Acoustic Detection Neutrino Telescopes. IEEE. 591-595. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOTSMS48152.2019.8939244S59159

Optimization of Dimensions of Cylindrical Piezoceramics as Radio-Clean Low Frequency Acoustic Sensors

[EN] Circular piezoelectric transducers with axial polarization are proposed as low frequency acoustic sensors for dark matter bubble chamber detectors. The axial vibration behaviour of the transducer is studied by three different methods: analytical models, FEM simulation, and experimental setup. To optimize disk geometry for this application, the dependence of the vibrational modes in function of the diameter-to-thickness ratio from 0.5 (a tall cylinder) to 20.0 (a thin disk) has been studied. Resonant and antiresonant frequencies for each of the lowest modes are determined and electromechanical coupling coefficients are calculated. From this analysis, due to the requirements of radiopurity and little volume, optimal diameter-to-thickness ratios for good transducer performance are discussed.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Grants FPA-2015-65150-C3-2P, and Consolider MultiDark CSD2009-00064. Thanks as well are due to the PICO Collaboration members for the fruitful discussions, suggestions, and comments.Ardid Ramírez, M.; Felis-Enguix, I.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Otero-Vega, JE. (2017). Optimization of Dimensions of Cylindrical Piezoceramics as Radio-Clean Low Frequency Acoustic Sensors. Journal of Sensors. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/81796721

Acoustic parametric techniques for neutrino telescopes

[EN] In this work, we present a compact transmitter array based on the parametric acoustic sources effect able to reproduce the acoustic signature of an Ultra-High Energy neutrino interaction in water. We also propose to use directive transducers using the parametric technique for the characterization of piezo-ceramic sensors contained in the KM3NeT DOMs. This technique can minimize the need for an anechoic tank.Ardid Ramírez, M.; Tortosa, DD.; Llorens Alvarez, CD.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Saldaña-Coscollar, M. (2019). Acoustic parametric techniques for neutrino telescopes. EPJ Web of Conferences (Online). 216:1-3. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921604001S13216Saldana M., PhD Thesis, Acoustic System Development for Neutrino Underwater Detectors. Gandia: Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (2017)Buis E.J.; et al. Characterization of the KM3NeT hydrophone. ARENA2018 this issue

R&D studies for the development of a compact transmitter able to mimic the acousticsignature of a UHE neutrino interaction

[EN] Calibration of acoustic neutrino telescopes with neutrino-like signals is essential to evaluate the feasibility of the technique and to know the efficiency of the detectors. However, it is not straightforward to have acoustic transmitters that, on one hand, are able to mimic the signature of a UHE neutrino interaction, that is, a bipolar acoustic pulse with the 'pancake' directivity, and on the other hand, fulfil practical issues such as ease of deployment and operation. This is a non-trivial problem since it requires directive transducer with cylindrical symmetry for a broadband frequency range. Classical solutions using linear arrays of acoustic transducers result in long arrays with many elements, which increase the cost and the complexity for deployment and operation. In this paper we present the extension of our previous R&D studies using the parametric acoustic source technique by dealing with the cylindrical symmetry and demonstrating that it is possible to use this technique for having a compact solution that could be much more easily included in neutrino telescope infrastructures or used in specific sea campaigns for calibration. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio´n (Spain Government), project references FPA2007- 63729, FPA2009-13983-C02-02, ACI2009-1067 and ConsoliderIngenio Multidark (CSD2009-00064). It has also being funded by Generalitat Valenciana, Prometeo/2009/26.Ardid Ramírez, M.; Adrián Martínez, S.; Bou Cabo, M.; Larosa, G.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Espinosa Roselló, V.; Camarena Femenia, F.... (2012). R&D studies for the development of a compact transmitter able to mimic the acousticsignature of a UHE neutrino interaction. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 662:206-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.11.139S20620966

Underwater Communication Using Acoustic Parametric Arrays

[EN] This paper presents a study of different types of parametric signals with application to submarine acoustic telecommunications. In all of them, the carrier frequency is 200 kHz, which corresponds to that resonation of the transducer under study, while they differ by the different modulations they present. In this sense, we study modulations with sweeps (4 to 40 kHz), in which represent binary codes (zeros and ones), getting closer to the application in acoustic telecommunications. The different properties of the transmitting signals in terms of communication speed, directivity, efficiency and power needed are discussed as well.We acknowledge the financial support of Plan Estatal de Investigación, ref. FPA2015-65150-C3-2-P (MINECO/FEDER), and of the Generalitat Valenciana, Grant PrometeoII/2014/079.Ardid Ramírez, M.; Campo-Valera, MM.; Tortosa, DD.; Felis-Enguix, I.; Llorens Alvarez, CD.; Martínez Mora, JA. (2018). Underwater Communication Using Acoustic Parametric Arrays. Proceedings. 2(139):1-7. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-4-04907S17213

Science with Neutrino Telescopes in Spain

[EN] The primary scientific goal of neutrino telescopes is the detection and study of cosmic neutrino signals. However, the range of physics topics that these instruments can tackle is exceedingly wide and diverse. Neutrinos coming from outside the Earth, in association with othermessengers, can contribute to clarify the question of the mechanisms that power the astrophysical accelerators which are known to exist from the observation of high-energy cosmic and gamma rays. Cosmic neutrinos can also be used to bring relevant information about the nature of dark matter, to study the intrinsic properties of neutrinos and to look for physics beyond the Standard Model. Likewise, atmospheric neutrinos can be used to study an ample variety of particle physics issues, such as neutrino oscillation phenomena, the determination of the neutrino mass ordering, non-standard neutrino interactions, neutrino decays and a diversity of other physics topics. In this article, we review a selected number of these topics, chosen on the basis of their scientific relevance and the involvement in their study of the Spanish physics community working in the KM3NeT and ANTARES neutrino telescopes.The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from the following Spanish programs: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER); Generalitat Valenciana: Prometeo (PROMETEO/2020/019) and GenT (refs. CIDEGENT/2018/034, /2020/049, /2021/023); Junta de Andalucia (ref. A-FQM-053-UGR18).Hernández-Rey, JJ.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Bou Cabo, M.; Calvo, D.; Díaz, AF.; Gozzini, SR.; Martínez Mora, JA.... (2022). Science with Neutrino Telescopes in Spain. Universe. 8(2):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe80200891258

Simulación y diseño de un sensor acústico piezoeléctrico para detección de partículas

[EN] Bubble chambers used in detectors for detecting dark matter use piezoelectric sensors in order to detect and discriminate the acoustic signals from bubbles growth in the superheated liquid when a particle interaction occurs. The Research Group in Applied Acoustics to Astroparticles Detection from UPV developed a particle detector, whose acoustic sensors are attached to the outer walls of the chamber. In order to optimize the operation of the sensor, both analytical and numerical models are developed, as well as experimental tests for characterization of sensors design were performed. The results of these studies allows a particular design criterion for the construction of such sensor for future dark matter bubble chamber detectors.[ES] Las cámaras de burbujas empleadas en los detectores para la detección de materia oscura, utilizan sensores piezoeléctricos para detectar y discriminar las señales acústicas emitidas por las burbujas que se generan a partir de la interacción de partículas con el fluido sobrecalentado presente en el interior de dicha cámara. El grupo de Investigación en Acústica Aplicada a la Detección de Astropartículas de la UPV ha desarrollado un modelo de detector de partículas, cuyos sensores acústicos se encuentran pegados en las paredes exteriores de la cámara. Con el objetivo de entender el comportamiento y optimizar el funcionamiento del sensor, se desarrollan modelos analíticos y numéricos, así como pruebas experimentales para su caracterización. Los resultados de estos estudios permiten tener un criterio de diseño para la adecuada construcción de tales sensores en futuras cá- maras de burbujas para la detección de materia oscuraCampo-Valera, MM.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Felis-Enguix, I.; Martínez Mora, JA. (2018). Simulación y diseño de un sensor acústico piezoeléctrico para detección de partículas. Revista de Acústica. 49(1-2):11-18. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/102342S1118491-

Acoustic signal detection through the cross-correlation method in experiments with different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions

[EN] The study and application of signal detection techniques based on cross-correlation method for acoustic transient signals in noisy and reverberant environments are presented. These techniques are shown to provide high signal to noise ratio, good signal discernment from very close echoes and accurate detection of signal arrival time. The proposed methodology has been tested on different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions using real data collected in several experiences related to acoustic systems in astroparticle detectors. This work focuses on the acoustic detection applied to tasks of positioning in underwater structures and calibration such those as ANTARES and KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescopes, as well as, in particle detection through acoustic events for the COUPP/PICO detectors. Moreover, a method for obtaining the real amplitude of the signal in time (voltage) by using cross correlation has been developed and tested and is described in this work.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spanish Government), project ref. FPA2012-37528-C02-02 and Multidark (CSD2009-00064). It has also being funded by Generalitat Valenciana, Prometeo/2009/26, and ACOMP/2014/153. Thanks to the ANTARES Collaboration for the help in the measurements made in the ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope.Adrián Martínez, S.; Bou Cabo, M.; Felis, I.; Llorens Alvarez, CD.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Saldaña, M.; Ardid Ramírez, M. (2015). Acoustic signal detection through the cross-correlation method in experiments with different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 8629:66-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46338-3_7S66798629Ageron, M., et al. (ANTARES Collaboration): ANTARES: the first undersea neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 656, 11–38 (2011)The KM3NeT Collaboration: KM3NeT technical design report (2010). ISBN 978-90-6488-033-9. www.km3net.orgBehnke, E., et al. (COUPP Collaboration): First dark matter search results from a 4-kg CF3I bubble chamber operated in a deep underground site. Phys. Rev. D 86, 052001 (2012)Ardid, M.: Positioning system of the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 602, 174–176 (2009)Larosa, G., Ardid, M.: KM3NeT acoustic position calibration of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 718, 502–503 (2013)Ardid, M.: ANTARES: an underwater network of sensors for neutrino astronomy and deep-sea research. Ad Hoc Sensor Wirel. Netw. 8, 21–34 (2009)Bou-Cabo, M., Ardid, M., Felis, I.: Acoustic studies for alpha background rejection in dark matter bubble chamber detectors. In: Proceedings of the IV International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques. AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1549, pp. 142–147 (2013)Proakis, J.G., Manolakis, D.G.: Digital Signal Processing, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1996)Saldaña, M.: Acoustic system development for the underwater neutrino telescope positioning KM3NeT, Bienal de Física (2013)Ardid, M., et al.: Acoustic transmitters for underwater neutrino telescopes. Sensors 12, 4113–4132 (2012)Felis, I., Bou-Cabo, M., Ardid, M.: Sistemas acústicos para la detección de Materia Oscura, Bienal de Física (2013)Llorens, C.D., et al.: The sound emission board of the KM3NeT acoustic positioning system. J. Instrum. 7, C01001 (2012)Graf, K.: Experimental studies within ANTARES towards acoustic detection of ultra high energy neutrinos in the deep sea. Ph.D. thesis, U. Erlangen, FAU-PI1-DISS-08-001 (2008

Sonda de red para Ahorro Energético

La presente herramienta informática constituye un sistema de monitorización para redes de computadores en general, principalmente para centros de procesado de datos, que actúa como un módulo de adquisición de datos (monitorizando los elementos del entorno) para sistemas de gestión energética que tienen como objetivo la reducción del consumo en dichos centros. El sistema es autónomo, con mínima administración y atención, desacoplado, robusto, escalable, flexible, proactivo, inteligente, no interfiere en el entorno de producción en el que se instala y que permite. La funcionalidad del sistema es ofrecida como servicio bajo el paradigma SOA, implementado a través de RESTful, con el fin de proporcionar mayores niveles de integración y desacoplamiento con el resto de sistemas, a la vez que ofrece la capacidad de composición con otros dispositivos y servicios de red existentes en entornos heterogéneos de manera casi inmediata. Para ello, el sistema se basa en la composición de servicios TI de gestión básica de red mediante el uso de tecnologías y protocolos estándares para la monitorización y análisis de la carga de los nodos de red presentes en el sistema utilizando para ello estándares de red como SNMP/RMON. Además, dichos servicios se proveen a través de un dispositivo de red embebido con el objetivo de proporcionar una plataforma tecnológica asequible, robusta, tolerante a fallos y que no aumentan significativamente el consumo de energía. El dispositivo está dotado de capacidades de persistencia y procesamiento de datos, lo que lo convierte en una sonda inteligente. Se muestra como un elemento independiente, de fácil instalación y administración, que evita posibles conflictos con las políticas de administración del centro de datos, siendo capaz de obtener la información mínima necesaria para activar su configuración inicial y ejecutar las tareas de gestión con una mínima intervención humana. El sistema permite la captación de la información desde diversas fuentes, aportando una arquitectura modular que permite ser extendido y adaptado a los diferentes entornos donde pueda ser instalado, como por ejemplo analizando todo el tráfico de red (actuando como una sonda de red) o utilizando protocolos de gestión de red como SNMP para obtener variables de consumo o rendimiento de los diferentes elementos que conforman la red

Seguimiento de calidad de las asignaturas de tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática

En esta memoria se describe el proyecto llevado a cabo para mejorar el seguimiento y la calidad de la docencia de las asignaturas del tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática. En concreto, en este proyecto, nos centramos en los mecanismos de evaluación y en su distribución a lo largo del curso, así como en los conceptos fundamentales que se asocian a las diferentes asignaturas que se imparten en tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática. Se realizaron diversas reuniones entre los coordinadores de las distintas asignaturas para poner en común problemas relacionados con la planificación de las asignaturas así como dudas sobre las actividades de evaluación. Las reuniones permitieron intercambiar diferentes planteamientos con los que se habían abordado la evaluación de las asignaturas participantes en la red y que posibilitaron resolver problemas comunes. De igual forma se plantearon cuestiones abiertas sobre la planificación y la evaluación de las asignaturas que se dirigieron desde la red a la coordinación de la titulación en la Escuela Politécnica Superior. Finalmente, también se discutieron diferentes propuestas junto con las redes de otros cursos de la titulación para abordarlas en futuras redes