BEER IS FOOD, ISN’T IT? THE EFFECT OF BEER ADVERTISING ON DRINKING AMONG YOUTH

Cilj rada bio je ispitati utjecaj reklama za pivo na stavove i ponašanja glede potrošnje piva u adolescentskoj populaciji. Istraživanje je pomoću anonimnog upitnika provedeno na uzorku (n=934) učenika završnih razreda srednjih škola u Splitu. Rezultati su pokazali da je pijenje piva povezano s muškim spolom, s lošijim školskim uspjehom, s pohađanjem četverogodišnje strukovne škole, s popularnosti reklama za pivo te s rizičnim ponašanjima. Iako su reklame za pivo omiljene većini ispitanika, promocija piva nije povezana s učestalošću i količinom potrošnje piva. Pozitivan stav prema određenoj reklami ne jamći privrženost i potrošnju promoviranog proizvoda. S obzirom na učestalost izlaganja oglašavanju piva i popularnost tih reklama među mladima, potrebno je razviti približno jednako zanimljive antialkoholne reklame, usmjerene na mlađu populaciju te educirati mlade o utjecaju medija.The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of beer advertising on attitudes and drinking behavior among adolescents. A total of 934 high school students in Split were interviewed using a confidential questionnaire. The results showed that the extent of beer consumption corrrelated to male gender, lower academic performance, type of school, owning of promotional items, likability of beer ads, and risky behavior. Although beer ads are popular among most of the participants, beer promotion (advertising, promotional items, sales promotion) was not related to drinking frequency or quantity, and there was no clear link between the ad preference and the consumption of the respective brand. Regarding the frequency of advertising exposure and its acceptance among adolescents,it is necessary to dilute this influence with equally attractive counter-advertising targeting youth and educate them about the media impact

Eating habits of pupils in boarding schools, in Split-Dalmatia county: a cross-sectional study

Cilj: Ispitati prehrambene navike i utvrditi stanje uhranjenosti učenika u đačkim domovima. Metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 322 učenika u đačkim domovima Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Primijenjen je upitnik o prehrambenim navikama, načinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali kako je 17,0% učenika preuhranjeno, 1,9% je pretilo, a 2,2% je pothranjeno. Pritom 47,5% ispitanika navodi kako nikada ili rijetko vježba. Ukupno ih je barem 21,1% jednom bilo na dijeti. Među onima koji su preuhranjeni i pretili ima više mladića, dok su u kategoriji pothranjenosti samo djevojke. Dijete su najčešće provodili ispitanici s normalnim stupnjem uhranjenosti, a među njima prevladavaju djevojke. Zaključak: Čak petina učenika u đačkim domovima ima problema s tjelesnom težinom. Unatoč organiziranoj prehrani u domovima u skladu s prehrambenim normativima i standardima, koja uključuje 3 glavna obroka, ostaje otvoreno pitanje dodatna 2 obroka koja su im potrebna, a nerijetko uključuju nezdrave izbore. Rezultati ukazuju na potrebu zdravstvenog prosvjećivanja učenika i djelatnika đačkih domova o uravnoteženoj prehrani.Aim: To determine eating habits and body mass index of pupils in boarding schools, in Split-Dalmatia county. Methods: A survey was conducted among 322 pupils in boarding schools. They were given the questionnaire concerning their eating habits, prepared for the purposes of this research. Results: The results indicated that 17.0% were overweight, 1.9% obese and 2.2% underweight. Nearly 50% said that they never or rarely practice some sort of physical activity. 21.1% of them were at least one time on diet. Young men prevail among those who wee overweight and obese, while girls were those who were underweight. Diets were more common among girls and those with normal body mass index. Conclusion: Almost one fifth of the examined pupils have reported weight issues. Since boarding schools and dorms have three main meals, there is a question of two additional meals that pupils usually provide for themselves and which often include unhealthy choices. Therefore, there is a need for health education of both pupils and staff on the importance of healthy and regulated diet

Eating habits of pupils in boarding schools, in Split-Dalmatia county: a cross-sectional study

Cilj: Ispitati prehrambene navike i utvrditi stanje uhranjenosti učenika u đačkim domovima. Metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 322 učenika u đačkim domovima Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Primijenjen je upitnik o prehrambenim navikama, načinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali kako je 17,0% učenika preuhranjeno, 1,9% je pretilo, a 2,2% je pothranjeno. Pritom 47,5% ispitanika navodi kako nikada ili rijetko vježba. Ukupno ih je barem 21,1% jednom bilo na dijeti. Među onima koji su preuhranjeni i pretili ima više mladića, dok su u kategoriji pothranjenosti samo djevojke. Dijete su najčešće provodili ispitanici s normalnim stupnjem uhranjenosti, a među njima prevladavaju djevojke. Zaključak: Čak petina učenika u đačkim domovima ima problema s tjelesnom težinom. Unatoč organiziranoj prehrani u domovima u skladu s prehrambenim normativima i standardima, koja uključuje 3 glavna obroka, ostaje otvoreno pitanje dodatna 2 obroka koja su im potrebna, a nerijetko uključuju nezdrave izbore. Rezultati ukazuju na potrebu zdravstvenog prosvjećivanja učenika i djelatnika đačkih domova o uravnoteženoj prehrani.Aim: To determine eating habits and body mass index of pupils in boarding schools, in Split-Dalmatia county. Methods: A survey was conducted among 322 pupils in boarding schools. They were given the questionnaire concerning their eating habits, prepared for the purposes of this research. Results: The results indicated that 17.0% were overweight, 1.9% obese and 2.2% underweight. Nearly 50% said that they never or rarely practice some sort of physical activity. 21.1% of them were at least one time on diet. Young men prevail among those who wee overweight and obese, while girls were those who were underweight. Diets were more common among girls and those with normal body mass index. Conclusion: Almost one fifth of the examined pupils have reported weight issues. Since boarding schools and dorms have three main meals, there is a question of two additional meals that pupils usually provide for themselves and which often include unhealthy choices. Therefore, there is a need for health education of both pupils and staff on the importance of healthy and regulated diet

Karakteristike i ishodi liječenja uroloških bolesnika primljenih u Jedinicu intezivnog liječenja u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Osijek

The postoperative care unit at the Department of Urology has significantly improved treatment of patients undergoing surgical procedures and reduced admission of urologic patients to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). We examined the characteristics of urologic patients, time on mechanical ventilation, most common complications, and mortality in the period from January 2017 to March 2022. A total of 84 admissions to ICU were recorded, accounting for 1.5% of all patients having undergone surgical, therapeutic or diagnostic interventions under general or regional anesthesia at the Department of Urology. The most common reasons for admission to ICU were respiratory failure (79 patients), hemodynamic instability, and bleeding. The median time on mechanical ventilation was 9.7 [2.4-58.2] hours in urology patients vs. 6 [3-14.7] hours in the rest of surgical ICU patients (p=0.058). Hypertension and renal failure were more common in urologic than in the rest of surgical ICU patients (p<0.05). The overall mortality of urologic patients was lower than in the rest of surgical ICU patients (10.7% vs. 18.99%, p=0.08) but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Independently of the lower mortality, improvements in the outcome of urologic patients admitted to the ICU are feasible. Early identification of patients at risk of infections, postoperative respiratory failure, cardiovascular incidents, and bleeding may further reduce mortality and improve outcomes.Jedinica za poslijeoperacijsku skrb na Zavodu za urologiju značajno je poboljšala skrb o operiranim urološkim bolesnicima i smanjila njihov prijam u Jedinicu intenzivnog liječenja (JIL). Ispitali smo karakteristike uroloških bolesnika primljenih u JIL, duljinu mehaničke ventilacije, najčešće komplikacije i smrtnost u razdoblju od siječnja 2017. do ožujka 2022. godine. Podaci su uspoređeni s prosječnom populacijom bolesnika primljenih u JIL. Zabilježena su 84 prijma uroloških bolesnika u JIL, što čini 1,5% svih bolesnika koji su zbog operacija, dijagnostičkih ili terapijskih zahvata zahtijevali opću, regionalnu anesteziju ili sedaciju na Zavodu za urologiju. Najčešći razlog prijma bile su respiracijska insuficijencija, hemodinamska nestabilnost i krvarenje. Medijan mehaničke ventilacije bio je 9,7 [2,4-58,2] sati kod uroloških bolesnika, dok je u prosječnoj populaciji bolesnika primljenih u JIL iznosio 6 [3-14,7] sati (p=0.058). Kod uroloških bolesnika češća je bila hipertenzija, bubrežna insuficijencija kao i kardiopulmonalna reanimacija pri prijmu u JIL (p<0,05). Smrtnost uroloških bolesnika bila je 10,7%, a u prosječnoj populaciji bolesnika primljenih u JIL je iznosila 18,9% (p=0,08). Rano prepoznavanje bolesnika s rizikom za nastanak infekcija, poslijeoperacijske respiracijske insuficijencije, kardiovaskularnih incidenata ili krvarenja može dodatno smanjiti učestalost ovih incidenata i poboljšati ishode liječenja

An Efficient Synthesis and In vitro Cytostatic Activity of 5-Aminosulfonyl Uracil Derivatives

Efficient synthesis of 5-aminosulfonyl uracil derivatives 2-9 and results of their antiproliferative activity are provided. Sulfonylation of the amino group in 5-aminouracil 1 with selected arylsulfonyl chlorides occurs regioselectively when the reaction is carried out in pyridine at room temperature. Simple isolation of the products by recrystallization of the crude product mixture from aqueous methanol provides good to excellent yields. The prepared 5-aminosulfonyl uracil derivatives 2-9 were tested for the antiproliferative activity on a panel of seven tumor cell lines of different histological origin (HeLa, Caco-2, NCI-H358, Raji, HuT78, Jurkat, K562) and normal MDCK I cells. Derivatives 2-9 were found more efficient to lymphoma and leukemia cells compared to solid tumor and normal cells. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Reversed Pyrimidine Nucleosides

An efficient approach to reversed nucleosides which enables their synthesis in gram quantities is described. N-1′-Pyrimidine reversed nucleosides were prepared by treating of the sodium salt of pyrimidine bases with protected 5-tosyl ribose. Additionally, N-1′,N-3′-disubstituted reversed nucleosides were isolated in the condensation reactions with the 5-halogen pyrimidines. Using the Sonogashira coupling of 5′-iodouracil reversed nucleoside with ethynyltrimethyl silane gave 5′-ethynyl derivative which was further transformed into 5′-acetyl reversed nucleoside. Biological activity of deprotected reversed nucleosides was validated on the panel of six human carcinoma cell lines (HeLa, MIAPaCa2, Hep2, NCI-H358, CaCo-2, and HT-29). 5′-Iodouracil derivative displayed moderate growth inhibition activity against human colon carcinoma (CaCo-2) cells

Recognition and management of systemic toxicity of local anesthetics

Simptomi sistemske toksičnosti lokalnih anestetika (LA) mogu oponašati druga klinička stanja. Ponekad ih je teško razlikovati od epileptičkih napada, hipovolemije ili srčanih bolesti. U ovom članku prikazujemo dvije bolesnice koje su razvile simptome kardiotoksičnosti nakon primjene lokalnih anestetika. Kod prve, vaskularne pacijentice, nakon epiduralne anestezije levobupivakainom došlo je do duboke hipotenzije koja je oponašala anafilaktičku reakciju, ali nije bilo nikakvog odgovora na bolusu primjenu adrenalina. Kod druge pacijentice, liječene na Zavodu za intenzivnu medicinu, došlo je do srčanog zastoja nakon intravenske injekcije lidokaina, koji je bio primijenjen za liječenje aritmije. U oba slučaja intravenska primjena lipidne emulzije pomogla je brzom oporavku pacijenata. Dobar odgovor na primjenjenu lipidnu emulziju pridonio je razlikovanju kardiototoksičnosti od alergijske reakcije i srčane dekompenzacije. Usprkos mogućim komplikacija terapije lipidnom emulzijom, istu treba rano primijeniti kod pojave kardiotoksičnosti LA u operacijskoj dvorani i u Jedinici intenzivnog liječenja. Primjereni hemodinamski monitoring može pomoći u njihovom ranom prepoznavanju i ocjeni uspješnosti primijenjene terapije.Systemic toxicity of local anesthetics (LA) may mimic other comorbid conditions. It may be difficult to differentiate from seizures, hypovolaemia, or heart disease. We present two patients who developed severe cardiotoxicity after LA injection. The first was a vascular patient who had severe hypotension after epidural levobupivacaine mimicking an anaphylactic reaction, which did not respond to repeated epinephrine injections. Another patient experienced cardiac arrest after intravenous lidocaine during arrhythmia treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). In both cases, the lipid emulsion had a beneficial effect in the treatment of refractory hypotension after LA. The lipid emulsion helped to distinguish cardiotoxicity from an allergic reaction and cardiac decompensation. Despite the possible complications of intralipid therapy, it should be considered early in the treatment of systemic cardiotoxicity of local anesthetics, both in surgical theater and intensive care. Appropriate hemodynamic monitoring can also help in the early detection of cardiotoxic effects of local anesthetic and the evaluation of applied therapies

Opinions and attitudes of young people about the promotion and enjoyment of beer

Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj reklama za pivo na stavove i ponašanja u svezi potrošnje u adolescentskoj populaciji. Metode: Istraživanjem, koje je provedeno u razdoblju od 5. ožujka do 25. svibnja 2012. godine u Splitu, obuhvaćeno je 934 učenika završnih razreda srednjih škola. Prema statusu pijenja piva podijeljeni su u dvije skupine: oni koji piju pivo i oni koji ga ne piju ili piju vrlo rijetko. Ispitanici su na dobrovoljnoj osnovi ispunili anonimni upitnik s općim podatcima, stavovima i ponašanjima glede navedene problematike. Za statističku obradu korišten je program SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistički značajni rezultati smatrani su oni čiji je p<0,05. Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali da promocija piva (reklame za pivo, promidžbeni artikal, promotivne akcije) nisu povezane s učestalošću i količinom potrošnje piva među adolescentima. Učestalost opažanja reklama za pivo nije bila povezana s njegovom potrošnjom. Pijenje piva pokazalo se povezanim s: muškim spolom, lošijim školskim uspjehom, pohađanjem četverogodišnje strukovne škole, popularnosti reklama za pivo te rizičnim ponašanjima. Pozitivan stav prema određenoj reklami na jamči privrženost i potrošnju promoviranog proizvoda. Oni koji ne piju pivo smatraju da su upozorenja o štetnostima alkohola u sklopu reklama za pivo potrebna, dok oni koji piju pivo imaju negativan stav prema antialkoholnoj promidžbi. Zaključak: Iako rezultati ukazuju da reklame za pivo ne utječu na njegovu potrošnju, sudionici su ih itekako svjesni. S obzirom na učestalost izlaganja oglašavanju piva i popularnost tih reklama među mladima, potrebno je razviti učinkovite i približno zanimljive antialkoholne reklame, usmjerene na mlađu populaciju.Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of beer advertising on attitudes and drinking behaviour of adolescents. Also, to determine attitudes toward counter-advertising. Methods: The study was conducted between March and May 2012 in Split. Participants (n=934) were senior high school students, who were divided in two groups according to their beer drinking status: drinkers and never drinkers. The questionnaire was confidential and self-completed on voluntary basis, providing information on sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and drinking behaviour. Data were analysed using SPSS for Windows, version 17,0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Relevant degrees of freedom was significant at the p<0.05 level. Results: Results showed that beer promotion (advertising, promotional items, sales promotion) was not related to frequency and quantity of drinking. Also, there was no relation between the frequency of advertising exposure and the consumption of beer. However, beer drinking was related to: male gender, lower academic performance, type of school, owning a promotional items, likability of beer adverts and problematic behaviour. Positive attitude toward specific beer advert did not guarantee brand allegiance and its consumption. Never drinkers deemed that it was necessary to incorporate health warnings in beer adverts, while drinkers had negative attitudes toward counter-advertising. Conclusion: Although the results indicated that beer advertising didn't influence its consumption, participants were well aware of them. Regarding the frequency of advertising exposure and its likability among adolescents, it is necessary to dilute their influence with effective and equally attractive counter-advertising, targeting youth

GLI ITALINISMI DELLA PARLATA DI IMOTSKI

Kroz povijest, Dalmacija je bila u rukama različitih vladara meĎu kojima se nalazila i Republika Venecija. Kao rezultat toga, talijanski utjecaji vidljivi su u običajima, a posebno u jeziku koji se govori u dalmatinskim gradovima. U ovom radu, prezentirane su posuĎenice talijanskog podrijetla u govoru malenog grada Imotskog u zaleĎu Dalmacije. Predstavljena je povijest Imotskog, istraţivanja posvećena talijanskim posuĎenicama i njihov utjecaj na hrvatski jezik s naglaskom na zavičajni govor imotskog kraja. PronaĎeni talijanizmi predstavljeni su, podijeljeni po gramatičkim kategorijama i morfološki analizirani prema modelu Rudolfa Filipovića.Throughout the history, Dalmatia has been under the dominion of different imperators, among which there was the Republic of Venice. As a result, the Italian influence is visible nowadays in the habits and language spoken in the Dalmatian cities. This thesis presents the loanwords of Italian origin in the dialect of the small town of Imotski situated in the Dalmatian hinterland. The history of Imotski is described, as well as various studies on Italian loanwords and their influence on the Croatian language, with an emphasis on the dialect of Imotski. The Italian loanwords are listed, divided into grammatical categories and morphologically analysed according to the model proposed by Rudolf Filipović