Identifying and Quantifying Critical Information Streams for Tactical Combat Decision Modeling

It is often asserted that more information on the battlefield leads to greater situational awareness (SA) which, in turn, translates to enhanced mission performance and outcomes.  However, the volume of available information on the modern networked battlefield is extensive and growing, which induces risk of indecision due to cognitive overload.  The potential overload highlights the need to streamline the flow of information to those critical streams that provide the most value to a tactical leader’s decision process at particular points in time. The purpose of this study is to identify critical information streams required by tactical leaders within the various phases of a dismounted search and attack/react to contact scenario.  Domain Mapping Matrix methodology (DMM) is utilized to quantify the value of various information streams relative to the sub -phases within the scenario using a constructed nominal scale. The significance of the highlighted interactions is validated through the use of statistical analysis, with combat veterans serving as test cases. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of decision models that will eventually enable more accurate and realistic simulation of the leader’s decision processes that increased SA purportedly enhances

Nonlinear Tides in Close Binary Systems

We study the excitation and damping of tides in close binary systems, accounting for the leading order nonlinear corrections to linear tidal theory. These nonlinear corrections include two distinct effects: three-mode nonlinear interactions and nonlinear excitation of modes by the time-varying gravitational potential of the companion. This paper presents the formalism for studying nonlinear tides and studies the nonlinear stability of the linear tidal flow. Although the formalism is applicable to binaries containing stars, planets, or compact objects, we focus on solar type stars with stellar or planetary companions. Our primary results include: (1) The linear tidal solution often used in studies of binary evolution is unstable over much of the parameter space in which it is employed. More specifically, resonantly excited gravity waves are unstable to parametric resonance for companion masses M' > 10-100 M_Earth at orbital periods P = 1-10 days. The nearly static equilibrium tide is, however, parametrically stable except for solar binaries with P < 2-5 days. (2) For companion masses larger than a few Jupiter masses, the dynamical tide causes waves to grow so rapidly that they must be treated as traveling waves rather than standing waves. (3) We find a novel form of parametric instability in which a single parent wave excites a very large number of daughter waves (N = 10^3[P / 10 days]) and drives them as a single coherent unit with growth rates that are ~N times faster than the standard three wave parametric instability. (4) Independent of the parametric instability, tides excite a wide range of stellar p-modes and g-modes by nonlinear inhomogeneous forcing; this coupling appears particularly efficient at draining energy out of the dynamical tide and may be more important than either wave breaking or parametric resonance at determining the nonlinear dissipation of the dynamical tide.Comment: 40 pages, 16 figures. Matches version published in ApJ; conclusions unchanged; some restructuring of sections; sect. 5 now provides simple physical estimates of the nonlinear growth rates that agree well with the detailed calculations given in the appendice

Alliance of Genome Resources Portal: unified model organism research platform

The Alliance of Genome Resources (Alliance) is a consortium of the major model organism databases and the Gene Ontology that is guided by the vision of facilitating exploration of related genes in human and well-studied model organisms by providing a highly integrated and comprehensive platform that enables researchers to leverage the extensive body of genetic and genomic studies in these organisms. Initiated in 2016, the Alliance is building a central portal (www.alliancegenome.org) for access to data for the primary model organisms along with gene ontology data and human data. All data types represented in the Alliance portal (e.g. genomic data and phenotype descriptions) have common data models and workflows for curation. All data are open and freely available via a variety of mechanisms. Long-term plans for the Alliance project include a focus on coverage of additional model organisms including those without dedicated curation communities, and the inclusion of new data types with a particular focus on providing data and tools for the non-model-organism researcher that support enhanced discovery about human health and disease. Here we review current progress and present immediate plans for this new bioinformatics resource

Alliance of Genome Resources Portal: unified model organism research platform

The Alliance of Genome Resources (Alliance) is a consortium of the major model organism databases and the Gene Ontology that is guided by the vision of facilitating exploration of related genes in human and well-studied model organisms by providing a highly integrated and comprehensive platform that enables researchers to leverage the extensive body of genetic and genomic studies in these organisms. Initiated in 2016, the Alliance is building a central portal (www.alliancegenome.org) for access to data for the primary model organisms along with gene ontology data and human data. All data types represented in the Alliance portal (e.g. genomic data and phenotype descriptions) have common data models and workflows for curation. All data are open and freely available via a variety of mechanisms. Long-term plans for the Alliance project include a focus on coverage of additional model organisms including those without dedicated curation communities, and the inclusion of new data types with a particular focus on providing data and tools for the non-model-organism researcher that support enhanced discovery about human health and disease. Here we review current progress and present immediate plans for this new bioinformatics resource

Divine Judgment: Judicial Review of Religious Legal Systems in India and Israel

This paper analyzes and compares how two democratic states, India and Israel, incorporate discrete areas of religious law into their secular legal systems. As religion has become an increasingly important political force in India and Israel, both countries have turned to constitutionalism and to civil courts to manage the role of religious law within the democratic system. This development represents the convergence of two global trends: an expansion in the power of courts and the growth of religious politics. This paper examines how the conflict of secular and religious legal norms has played out in the Israeli and Indian civil courts, and draws out lessons from these countries\u27 experiences with religious legal pluralism. This paper argues that although the judiciaries in India and Israel generally issue rulings supporting secularism, they have only a limited ability to resist the trends that dominate majoritarian politics, including the pressures of religious constituencies, without losing legitimacy and power. Therefore, states that are generally committed to principles of secular governance and law should be wary about introducing elements of religious law into their legal systems, because in cases where civil legal principles conflict with religious mandates, regular civil courts may have difficulty upholding and enforcing the civil law

Conestoga Shuttle

As space travel becomes one of the major focuses on the aerospace industry, there is a surge of organizations seeking to get crews and technology into orbit and onto other planets. As is the case with all aerospace design projects, one of the primary focuses is lowering cost and increasing reusability without compromising safety. The Conestoga shuttle project seeks to meet this goal using a bus transit-style method, making space accessible to anyone from organizations putting technology into space to the wealthy seeking to pioneer settlements on the moon and beyond. This design considers analyzing disciplines such as aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, avionics and cost analysis

Influence of Temperature on Insulin Degradation when shipped via Mail Service

Class of 2009 AbstractOBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of temperature excursions on insulin during standard shipping from mail-order pharmacies. METHODS: Twelve vials of insulin (six of regular and six of neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH)) were sampled at baseline and then the six experimental vials (three regular and three NPH) were shipped through the mail system from a Tucson, Arizona post office to a Tucson, Arizona residence. The other six vials were used as controls and left in a refrigerator at 5°C. Samples were taken daily and then measured for degradation using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Also, samples from control vials were put in a lab oven at a constant temperature of 48°C and analyzed at Day 0 and Day 2. RESULTS: Temperatures spiked daily to near or over 50°C with a peak of 51.5°C. The low temperature never dropped under 21°C. The area under the curve (AUC) for each individual sample drawn was used to calculate a percentage of its original concentration with Day 1 set as 100%. On Day 6, both experimental vials and control vials had similar results and were within 10% of the original concentrations measured. In the oven, NPH samples that were heated for two days lost about 4% of its concentration while the regular insulin sample lost 14%. Particle sizing data of regular insulin heated in the oven was consistent with this HPLC data, and showed significant shifts in peak position. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin appears to maintain its stability after being shipped through the mail and remaining in a mailbox for an additional five days at high summer temperatures in Arizona. However, when exposed to constant high temperatures in a laboratory oven, heat appears to affect its stability.This item is part of the Pharmacy Student Research Projects collection, made available by the College of Pharmacy and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact Jennifer Martin, Librarian and Clinical Instructor, Pharmacy Practice and Science, [email protected]