Factor of Safety Reduction Factors for Accounting for Progressive Failure for Earthen Levees with Underlying Thin Layers of Sensitive Soils

The effects of progressive failure on flood embankments with underlying thin layers of soft, sensitive soils are investigated. Finite element analysis allows for investigation of strain-softening effects and progressive failure in soft and sensitive soils. However, limit equilibrium methods for slope stability analysis, widely used in industry, cannot capture these effects and may result in unconservative factors of safety. A parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of thin layers of soft sensitive soils on the stability of flood embankments. A flood embankment was modeled using both the limit equilibrium method and the finite element method. The foundation profile was altered to determine the extent to which varying soft and sensitive soils affected the stability of the embankment, with respect to progressive failure. The results from the two methods were compared to determine reduction factors that can be applied towards factors of safety computed using limit equilibrium methods, in order to capture progressive failure

Concert recording 2013-04-25a

[Track 01]. English madrigal suite. Late in my rash accounting ; [Track 02]. Rest, sweet nymphs ; [Track 03]. My bonny lass / Weelkes ; Pilkington ; Morley ; arranged by Michael Forbes -- [Track 04]. Auburn is the colour... / Michael Forbes -- [Track 05]. Royal garden blues / traditional ; arranged by Michael Forbes -- [Track 06]. Tuba juba duba / Terry Hutchinson -- [Track 07]. Allegro / Roger Jones -- [Track 08]. Now hear this! / Ray Dempsey -- [Track 09]. Pari intervallo / Arvo Part -- [Track 10]. To a wild rose / Edward MacDowell ; arranged by Lockhart -- [Track 11]. Kierkegaard / Meyer Kupferman -- [Track 12]. Bill Bailey / Hughie Cannon ; arranged by James Garrett

Concert recording 2014-11-11

[Track 01]. A la suite classique. Part 1 ; [Track 02]. Part 2 / Yasuhide Ito -- [Track 03]. Jabberwocky / David Gillingham -- [Track 04]. Lyric suite. I. Adagio cantabile ; [Track 05]. II. Allegro giusto / Donald White -- [Track 06]. Suite for unaccompanied tuba. March ; [Track 07]. Valse ; [Track 08]. Sarabande ; [Track 09]. Galop / Walter Hartley -- [Track 10]. Suite no. 4 in E♭ major for solo cello. Prelude ; [Track 11]. Bouree / J.S. Bach -- [Track 12]. Sketches. Spirited ; [Track 13]. Slow and expressive ; [Track 14]. Marcato / Michael McFarland -- [Track 15]. Concertino. I. Allegro ma non troppo piacevole ; [Track 16]. II. Andante ma non troppo / Rolf Wilhelm -- [Track 17]. Capriccio / Krzysztof Penderecki -- [Track 18]. Concertino / James Niblock -- [Track 19]. Suite for tuba. I. Allegro ; [Track 20]. II. Andante / Don Haddad -- [Track 21]. Concerto for tuba. Prelude ; [Track 22]. Romanza ; [Track 23]. Finale / Vaughan Williams -- [Track 24]. Concerto. I. Allegro assai ; [Track 25]. II. Andantino / Vladimir Cosma -- [Track 26]. Partita. Prelude ; [Track 27]. Capriccio ; [Track 28]. Sarabande ; [Track 29]. Bourree ; [Track 30]. Scherzo / Arthur Butterworth

Concert recording 2014-11-18

[Track 01]. Mars from The planets / Gustav Holst ; arranged by David Butler -- [Track 02]. Consortium / John Cheetham -- [Track 03]. Axis / Kevin McKenzie -- [Track 04]. Scherzo from A midsummer night\u27s dream / Felix Mendelssohn ; arranged by Michael Forbes -- [Track 05]. Nocturne / Rimsky-Korsakov -- [Track 06]. Ave Maria / Franz Biebl ; arranged by Mark Jenkins -- [Track 07]. Fearful symmetry / Kenyon Wilson

Interactions between fecal gut microbiome, enteric pathogens, and energy regulating hormones among acutely malnourished rural Gambian children.

BACKGROUND: The specific roles that gut microbiota, known pathogens, and host energy-regulating hormones play in the pathogenesis of non-edematous severe acute malnutrition (marasmus SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) during outpatient nutritional rehabilitation are yet to be explored. METHODS: We applied an ensemble of sample-specific (intra- and inter-modality) association networks to gain deeper insights into the pathogenesis of acute malnutrition and its severity among children under 5 years of age in rural Gambia, where marasmus SAM is most prevalent. FINDINGS: Children with marasmus SAM have distinct microbiome characteristics and biologically-relevant multimodal biomarkers not observed among children with moderate acute malnutrition. Marasmus SAM was characterized by lower microbial richness and biomass, significant enrichments in Enterobacteriaceae, altered interactions between specific Enterobacteriaceae and key energy regulating hormones and their receptors. INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that marasmus SAM is characterized by the collapse of a complex system with nested interactions and key associations between the gut microbiome, enteric pathogens, and energy regulating hormones.  Further exploration of these systems will help inform innovative preventive and therapeutic interventions. FUNDING: The work was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC; MC-A760-5QX00) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP 1066932) and the National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), UK. This network analysis was supported by NIH U54GH009824 [CLD] and NSF OCE-1558453 [CLD]