West Nile Virus Epidemic, Northeast Ohio, 2002

Serum samples and sociodemographic data were obtained from 1,209 Ohio residents. West Nile virus immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed. Children were 4.5 times more likely to become infected yet 110× less likely to have neuroinvasive disease develop

Using a Sample Technique to Describe Characteristics of a Collection

published or submitted for publicatio

Toward a more ethical clinical trial

Current methods of conducting clinical trials require the patient to agree to have his treatment assigned randomly, where his individual characteristics are taken into account only to balance the treatment groups. A Bayesian alternative involves eliciting the prior opinions of the group of clinicians who designed the study. Each patient is then guaranteed that the treatment he will receive is the best for him either in the opinion of at least one individual clinician or as a consensus of several, given the patient's characteristics and all the information available from the trial when the assignment is made

Modeling Random Effects Using Global–Local Shrinkage Priors in Small Area Estimation

<p>Small area estimation is becoming increasingly popular for survey statisticians. One very important program is Small Area Income and Poverty Estimation undertaken by the United States Bureau of the Census, which aims at providing estimates related to income and poverty based on American Community Survey data at the state level and even at lower levels of geography. This article introduces global–local (GL) shrinkage priors for random effects in small area estimation to capture wide area level variation when the number of small areas is very large. These priors employ two levels of parameters, global and local parameters, to express variances of area-specific random effects so that both small and large random effects can be captured properly. We show via simulations and data analysis that use of the GL priors can improve estimation results in most cases. Supplementary materials for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available as an online supplement.</p