Crops adapted to the arid region

Citation: Chitty, Joseph Griffith. Crops adapted to the arid region. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1905.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: The study of crop adaptation to the arid region is a Question that has been under much consideration by the student of agriculture for the past few years. The cry for more land for the oncoming generation is awakening the student to the fact that if possible this western land must be put under cultivation rather than that it be used entirely for grazing purposes. The soil of this western country is of fine texture and with little cultivation will produce good crops if the proper amount of moisture can be had. During the year there is usually enough rainfall to produce a crop but the irregularity of the rainfall does not warrant that a crop can be produced every year. The most important divisions of this subject are: 1. The irregularity of rainfall. 2. Conserving the soil moisture. 3. Method of tillage. 4. Effect of sub soiling. 5. Moisture required by crops. Conserving soil moisture by plowing. Shortly after the season's crop has been removed fall plowing should begin. By plowing early a mulch is formed which prevents evaporation, and also the fall rains will be taken into the soil and retained much better than if the soil were compact, aid percolation would be much more rapid. In a country where there is plenty of moisture this plan is not advisable as the moisture tends to develop nitrates and these if not saved by a cover crop will be lost by percolation

Target-independent high-throughput sequencing methods provide evidence that already known human viral pathogens play a main role in respiratory infections with unexplained etiology

Despite the advanced PCR-based assays available, a fraction of the pediatric respiratory infections remain unexplained every epidemic season, and there is a perception that novel viruses might be present in these specimens. We systematically collected samples from a prospective cohort of pediatric patients with respiratory infections, that returned negative results by validated molecular RT-PCR assays, and studied them with a target-independent, high-throughput sequencing-based approach. We also included a matched cohort of children with no symptoms of respiratory infection, as a contrast study population. More than fifty percent of the specimens from the group of patients with unexplained respiratory infections were resolved. However, the higher rate of detection was not due to the presence of novel viruses, but to the identification of well-known viral respiratory pathogens. Our results show that already known viral pathogens are responsible for the majority of cases that remain unexplained after the epidemic season. High-throughput sequencing approaches that use pathogen-specific probes are easier to standardize because they ensure reproducible library enrichment and sequencing. In consequence, these techniques might be desirable from a regulatory standpoint for diagnostic laboratories seeking to benefit from the many advantages of these sequencing technologies.This work was supported by The Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD) of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under plan #CB10246. This study has been partially supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) – Spanish Health Research Fund Grant PI12/01291, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Grant PI15CIII/00028.S

Genomic characterisation of human monkeypox virus in Nigeria

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Orthopox genus in the family Poxviridae. First identified in 1958, MPXV has caused sporadic human outbreaks in central and west Africa, with a mortality rate between 1% and 10%.1 Viral genomes from west Africa and the Congo Basin separate into two clades, the latter being more virulent.2 Recently, MPXV outbreaks have occurred in Sudan (2005), the Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (2009), and the Central African Republic (2016).3 A suspected outbreak of human MPXV was reported to WHO on Sept 26, 2017, by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) after a cluster of suspected cases had occurred in Yenagoa Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.4 Since the onset of the outbreak, 155 cases have been reported by the NCDC, of which 56 were confirmed.4 A subset of these samples was sent to the WHO Collaborating Center at the Institut Pasteur de Dakar (IPD) in Senegal for confirmation by PCR

Chitty on contracts

Chitty on Contracts is the single most pre-eminent reference work on the whole range of English contract law available anywhere in the common law world. It has been used for generations by lawyers as the leading guide to contracts, and is relied on to provide insight and aid in knotty areas of the law. The work is in two volumes: Volume One covers the General Principles of contract law, whilst Volume Two offers guidance on Specific Contracts, namely contractual issues in specific industry sectors. (Volume One of the work is available as a standalone for those who need coverage of the general principles of contract law only)

Continuation of a treatise on the law respecting game and fish : with a copious collection of precedents ... /

Includes bibliographical references and index.Mode of access: Internet

A practical treatise on the law of contracts, not under seal : and upon the usual defences to actions thereon /

Mode of access: Internet

The statutes of practical utility [1235-1895] : arranged in alphabetical and chronological order : with notes and indexes

Kept up to date by annual supplements which are reissued from time to time in cumulative editionsVol. 13 contains A table of short and popular titles, a table of regnal years and chapters, and a general index, in part analytical, comp. with the assistance of H. L. Ormsby ... and addenda, &c., to the previous volumesMode of access: Internet