Two or Four: A Hint from Scalar Mesons in Radiative phi Decays ?

In this write-up, we summarize our recent analysis of radiative decays involving light scalar mesons. Our analysis using the vector meson dominance model at tree level indicates that it may be difficult to distinguish $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$ picture and $q\bar{q}$ picture for the light scalar nonet. Our result on the process of $\phi \to \pi^0 \eta \gamma$ shows that the derivative-type $f_0 K\bar{K}$ interaction reproduces experimental data below 950 GeV well, but gives a poor fit above 950 GeV, i.e., in the energy region around the mass of $a_0(980)$, but that the discrepancy can be compensated by the effect of the $K$ loop.Comment: Talk given by M. Harada at Yukawa International Seminar (YKIS) 2006 ``New Frontiers in QCD -Exotic Hadrons and Hadronic Matter-'

Vector Meson Dominance Model for Radiative Decays Involving Light Scalar Mesons

We study a vector dominance model which predicts a fairly large number of currently interesting decay amplitudes of the types S -> \gamma \gamma, V -> S \gamma and S -> V \gamma, where S and V denote scalar and vector mesons, in terms of three parameters. As an application, the model makes it easy to study in detail a recent proposal to boost the ratio Gamma(phi -> f_0 gamma) / Gamma(phi -> a_0 gamma) by including the isospin violating a_0 - f_0 mixing. However we find that this effect is actually small in our model.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, REVTeX. Table I and paragraph on application of model to study effect of a_0 - f_0 mixing revise

Radiative Decays involving a0(980) and f0(980) in the Vector Meson Dominance Model

We summarize some features of the vector meson dominance model which was recently proposed for studying radiative decays involving the scalar mesons. Using the experimental values of $\Gamma(a_0 \to \gamma\gamma)$, $\Gamma(f_0 \to \gamma\gamma)$ and $\Gamma(\phi \to a_0 \gamma)$ as inputs, we show that the model predicts a large hierarchy between $\Gamma(a_0 \to \omega \gamma)$ and $\Gamma(a_0 \to \rho \gamma)$ as well as between $\Gamma(f_0 \to \omega \gamma)$ and $\Gamma(f_0 \to \rho \gamma)$.Comment: 7pages, Talk given by M. Harada at International Symposium on Hadron Spectroscopy, Chiral Symmetry and Relativistic Description of Bound Systems, February 24-26, 2003, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japa

Exploring the structure of a possible light scalar nonet

We first review the work of the Syracuse group, which uses an effective chiral Lagrangian approach, on meson-meson scattering. An illustration providing evidence for the existence of a strange scalar resonance of mass around 900 MeV is given. An attempt to fit this $\kappa (900)$ together with a similarly obtained $\sigma (560)$ and the well known $a_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ into a nonet pattern suggests that the underlying structure is closer to a dual quark-dual antiquark than to a quark-antiquark. A possible mechanism to explain a next higher-in mass scalar meson nonet is also discussed. This involves mixing between $q{\bar q}$ and $qq{\bar q} {\bar q}$ states.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, invited talk at workshop "Possible Existence of the Light Sigma Resonance and its Implications to Hadron Physics", Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto, Japan, June 200

Light Scalar Mesons

We review how a certain effective chiral Lagrangian approach to pi pi scattering, pi K scattering and eta-prime decay to eta pi pi provides evidence for the existence of light scalars sigma(550) and kappa(900) as well as describing the f0(980) and the a0(980). An attempt to fit these into a nonet suggests that their structure is closer to a dual quark-dual antiquark than to a quark-antiquark. A possible mechanism to explain the next higher mass scalar nonet is also proposed.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, talk given at Hadron Physics: Effective Theories of Low Energy QCD, Coimbra, Portugal, Sept. 199

Stopping the Exploitation of NCAA Athletes

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has exploited its athletes since its 1906 inception. The NCAA exploits athletes by targeting athletes from poor communities that can’t afford education by any other means. Also, the NCAA enforces unfair and unnecessary rules in order to maintain control over the athlete’s freedoms such as accepting free meals, or services that professional athletes or celebrities are accustomed to. And most of all, the NCAA is the sole profiteer of all NCAA athlete’s likeness, exploiting them for their talent and hard work without allowing the athletes or families of the athletes to benefit. This essay explores the ways the NCAA exploits their athletes and provides a solution to allow the athletes to be compensated for their likeness by profiting from the large companies that use their names and images to promote their brands

Letter from Jos[eph] Black to John Muir, 1908 Aug 21.

Mr John Muir(President of Sierra Club)Martinez,Cal.04267San Francisco, Cal.Aug. 21 - 08.Dear Mr. Muir,If I do not hear from you by tomorrow\u27s mail, Mr Hohfeld and I will not come up Sunday. I mention this in case I did not make it clear in my letter that I expected to hear from you before coming.yrs. sincerelyJos Black

Analysis of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) Usage and State Requirements

Tax Increment Financing(TIF)is one of the most popular economic development tools in use, as well as one of the few economic development tools available to municipal governments. Although it was slow to be adopted by many states, currently every state, as well as the District of Colombia, has active TIF districts to back over $35 billion in bonds across the country. Despite its popularity, there is no consensus on the ability of TIF to create a planned and measurable outcome. Because of this ambiguity, TIF usage is clustered across the country as state legislatures have put in varying requirements to restrict the ability of local governments to create districts. The purpose of this paper is to analyze current TIF usage by states across the country, as well the different requirements each state has for local governments to create districts and their effectiveness on limiting district creation. This study uses three linear regressions with each requirement in use by multiple states as an independent variables being tested against the total districts in each state, the total funding in each state backed by TIF revenue and the funding per capita in each state backed by TIF revenue. Findings indicate that requirements that were passed to limit TIF usage are not associated with decreased TIF usage. This study does find that additional planning requirements for district creation may be overburdensome for local governments. This study concludes that the requirements put in place by state legislatures may not matter as much as how each law was written for its ability to limit district creation