An empirical investigation of the UK stock market response to the implementation of SSAP 20 "Foreign Currency Translation"

This study presents an empirical investigation of the UK stock market response to the im-plementation of the UK Statement of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAP) No. 20 “Foreign Cur-rency Translation” (issued in April 1983). Such an empirical investigation has not yet been under-taken for the UK. Our results show that the stock market generally appeared to have anticipatedthe implementation of SSAP 20. For the aggregate set of adopters, we found a positive stock mar-ket response in the official year of adoption, reflecting the appreciation of the income-stabilisingeffects of the standard. This paper also presents a cross-sectional analysis that tests for a relation-ship between the stock returns and the accounting measures of those firms that adopted SSAP 20.We found a significant relation between the stock returns and the related accounting measures inthe actual adoption period of the aggregate set of adopters. This study generally focuses on theinterpretation of the financial impacts of the various accounting choices of firms within their fi-nancial and economic environments

Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Current Endovascular Perspectives

Thoracoabdominal aneurysms account for roughly 3% of identified aneurysms annually in the United States. Advancements in endovascular techniques and devices have broadened their application to these complex surgical problems. This paper will focus on the current state of endovascular thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair, including specific considerations in patient selection, operative planning, and perioperative complications. Both total endovascular and hybrid options will be considered

Monitoring Mechanisms, Managerial Incentives, Investment Distortion Costs, and Derivatives Usage

We relate derivatives usage to the level of corporate governance/monitoring mechanisms, managerial incentives and investment decisions of UK firms. We find evidence to suggest that the monitoring environment, e.g., board size, influences the use of both currency and interest rate derivatives usage. Managerial compensation also influences derivatives usage. Investment decisions are affected by the governance and managerial compensation of firms, which in turn impact on derivatives usage. We find a strong tendency for UK firms to reduce derivatives usage in situations where derivatives usage should be increased. There is limited evidence that firms use hedging substitutes to avoid monitoring from external capital markets

Information-theoretic equilibration: the appearance of irreversibility under complex quantum dynamics

The question of how irreversibility can emerge as a generic phenomena when the underlying mechanical theory is reversible has been a long-standing fundamental problem for both classical and quantum mechanics. We describe a mechanism for the appearance of irreversibility that applies to coherent, isolated systems in a pure quantum state. This equilibration mechanism requires only an assumption of sufficiently complex internal dynamics and natural information-theoretic constraints arising from the infeasibility of collecting an astronomical amount of measurement data. Remarkably, we are able to prove that irreversibility can be understood as typical without assuming decoherence or restricting to coarse-grained observables, and hence occurs under distinct conditions and time-scales than those implied by the usual decoherence point of view. We illustrate the effect numerically in several model systems and prove that the effect is typical under the standard random-matrix conjecture for complex quantum systems.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures. Discussion has been clarified and additional numerical evidence for information theoretic equilibration is provided for a variant of the Heisenberg model as well as one and two-dimensional random local Hamiltonian

The origin and prevention of pandemics.

Despite the fact that most emerging diseases stem from the transmission of pathogenic agents from animals to humans, the factors that mediate this process are still ill defined. What is known, however, is that the interface between humans and animals is of paramount importance in the process. This review will discuss the importance of the human-animal interface to the disease emergence process. We also provide an overview of factors that are believed to contribute to the origin and global spread of emerging infectious diseases and offer suggestions that may serve as future prevention strategies, such as social mobilization, public health education, behavioral change, and communication strategies. Because there exists no comprehensive global surveillance system to monitor zoonotic disease emergence, the intervention measures discussed herein may prove effective temporary alternatives

Understanding Refugees\u27 Perspectives on Health Care

Introduction. Burlington, Vermont accepts refugees from around the world. These individuals face unique barriers to accessing healthcare due to language, culture and finances. Research suggests that cultural beliefs about healthcare can affect ability or willingness to seek medical care. Gaining a better understanding of refugee perspectives of the healthcare system may offer insight into how to rectify this issue. Objectives. The goal of this study was to learn about refugee perspectives of the healthcare system and assess their use of services. Methods. We surveyed a convenience sample of 24 refugees to learn more about thoughts and practices surrounding healthcare and the use of the medical system. Results. Survey findings suggested that refugees who had been living in the US for longer than one year access healthcare resources differently from more recent arrivals. Most respondents agreed that reasons for going to a healthcare provider revolved around the diagnosis and treatment of current ailments. Regardless of time spent in the U.S., most respondents were unlikely to seek out preventive care. Refugees who had been in the U.S. longer than one year were less likely to seek out emergency services for acute symptoms that would be better served by a visit with their PCP. Conclusions. Recent arrivals used the emergency room for primary care needs more than those living in the U.S. longer than one year, suggesting the efficacy of provided health education. Study data suggests an important area for improvement may be increased education for refugees about the importance of preventive care.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1250/thumbnail.jp

An Investigation Into Mentoring Practices of Faculty Who Mentor Undergraduate Researchers at a Hispanic Serving Institution

Research has shown the benefits of undergraduate research; however, few studies have examined mentors of undergraduate researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the practices of mentors who have successfully mentored Hispanic undergraduate researchers. Findings from this study suggested that mentors should focus on interacting with students, listen to and understand students’ interests, be organized, require students to be responsible, and monitor students’ work. Recommendations for practice and research have been provided. ResumenLa investigación ha demostrado los beneficios de investigación de pregrado, sin embargo, pocos estudios han examinado mentores de investigación de pregrado. El propósito de este estudio fue el de investigar las prácticas de menores que han guiado exitosamente investigadores hispanos de pregrado. Los hallazgos sugieren que los mentores deben enfocarse en la interacción con los estudiantes, escuchar y entender intereses estudiantiles, ser organizados, requerir que los estudiantes sean responsables, y monitorear el trabajo de los estudiantes. Recomendaciones prácticas para la investigación se proveen

An Investigation Into Mentoring Practices of Faculty Who Mentor Undergraduate Researchers at a Hispanic Serving Institution

Research has shown the benefits of undergraduate research; however, few studies have examined mentors of undergraduate researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the practices of mentors who have successfully mentored Hispanic undergraduate researchers. Findings from this study suggested that mentors should focus on interacting with students, listen to and understand students’ interests, be organized, require students to be responsible, and monitor students’ work. Recommendations for practice and research have been provided. ResumenLa investigación ha demostrado los beneficios de investigación de pregrado, sin embargo, pocos estudios han examinado mentores de investigación de pregrado. El propósito de este estudio fue el de investigar las prácticas de menores que han guiado exitosamente investigadores hispanos de pregrado. Los hallazgos sugieren que los mentores deben enfocarse en la interacción con los estudiantes, escuchar y entender intereses estudiantiles, ser organizados, requerir que los estudiantes sean responsables, y monitorear el trabajo de los estudiantes. Recomendaciones prácticas para la investigación se proveen