Cognición y consumo de cannabis en la psicosis de inicio: estudio sobre niños y adolescentes con un primer episodio de psicosis

Tesis Univ. Granada. Programa Oficial de Doctorado en: Psicologí

Dehydration of xylose to furfural over MCM-41-supported niobium-oxide catalysts

A series of silica‐based MCM‐41‐supported niobium‐oxide catalysts are prepared, characterized by using XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and pyridine adsorption coupled to FTIR spectroscopy, and tested for the dehydration of D‐xylose to furfural. Under the operating conditions used all materials are active in the dehydration of xylose to furfural (excluding the MCM‐41 silica support). The xylose conversion increases with increasing Nb2O5 content. At a loading of 16 wt % Nb2O5, 74.5 % conversion and a furfural yield of 36.5 % is achieved at 170 °C, after 180 min reaction time. Moreover, xylose conversion and furfural yield increase with the reaction time and temperature, attaining 82.8 and 46.2 %, respectively, at 190 °C and after 100 min reaction time. Notably, the presence of NaCl in the reaction medium further increases the furfural yield (59.9 % at 170 °C after 180 min reaction time). Moreover, catalyst reutilization is demonstrated by performing at least three runs with no loss of catalytic activity and without the requirement for an intermediate regeneration step. No significant niobium leaching is observed, and a relationship between the structure of the catalyst and the activity is proposed.The authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ENE2009‐12743‐C04‐01/03 projects), Junta de Andalucía (P09‐FQM‐5070), and FEDER funds for financial support. I.S. thanks the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) for a contract under the program JAE‐Predoc. R.M.T. acknowledges the Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain) for financial support under the Ramón y Cajal Program (RYC‐2008‐03387).Peer Reviewe

Sex-specific cognitive abnormalities in early-onset psychosis

Objectives: Brain maturation differs depending on the area of the brain and sex. Girls show an earlier peak in maturation of the prefrontal cortex. Although differences between adult females and males with schizophrenia have been widely studied, there has been less research in girls and boys with psychosis. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in verbal and visual memory, verbal working memory, auditory attention, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility between boys and girls. Methods: We compared a group of 80 boys and girls with first-episode psychosis to a group of controls. Results: We found interactions between group and sex in verbal working memory (p = 0.04) and auditory attention (p = 0.01). The female controls showed better working memory (p = 0.01) and auditory attention (p = 0.001) than males. However, we did not find any sex differences in working memory (p = 0.91) or auditory attention (p = 0.93) in the psychosis group. Conclusions: These results are consistent with the presence of sex-modulated cognitive profiles at first presentation of early-onset psychosis

Sex-specific cognitive abnormalities in early-onset psychosis

Objectives: Brain maturation differs depending on the area of the brain and sex. Girls show an earlier peak in maturation of the prefrontal cortex. Although differences between adult females and males with schizophrenia have been widely studied, there has been less research in girls and boys with psychosis. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in verbal and visual memory, verbal working memory, auditory attention, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility between boys and girls. Methods: We compared a group of 80 boys and girls with first-episode psychosis to a group of controls. Results: We found interactions between group and sex in verbal working memory (p = 0.04) and auditory attention (p = 0.01). The female controls showed better working memory (p = 0.01) and auditory attention (p = 0.001) than males. However, we did not find any sex differences in working memory (p = 0.91) or auditory attention (p = 0.93) in the psychosis group. Conclusions: These results are consistent with the presence of sex-modulated cognitive profiles at first presentation of early-onset psychosis

Trastorno mental grave : proceso asistencial integrado. 2ª ed

YesTranscurridos doce años de la publicación del Proceso Asistencial Integrado Trastorno Mental Grave (PAI TMG)1 se hace necesaria su revisión, tal como establece el III Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía 2016-2020 (PISMA III)2. Una revisión que responde, como recoge el Plan, al desarrollo de un modelo de recuperación centrado en la persona que sufre un TMG. Este enfoque implica la participación plena de las personas afectadas y sus allegados, que va desde la evaluación hasta las distintas intervenciones que pudieran estar indicadas. En este contexto, el modelo de decisiones compartidas resulta válido para garantizar tanto la eficacia como el respeto a los derechos fundamentales de las personas. Desde otro marco de referencia se ha procedido a la actualización de conocimientos basados en la mejor evidencia científica disponible, atendiendo a uno de los principios transversales del Plan de Acción de la OMS3. Así, se han mejorado notablemente los aspectos metodológicos de búsqueda de evidencia disponible y como consecuencia, una serie de recomendaciones clave - que figuran al principio - referente a aquéllas características de calidad que aportan más valor, según se desprende de las evidencias halladas en las diferentes búsquedas

CEV 2022 - 1st Spanish Congress on Videogames 2022

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