Osteoporotic fracture risk evaluation. Options when central densitometry is not available

Introducción: las fracturas relacionadas con la osteoporosis son un problema de salud. Aunque la densitometría ósea de columna y cadera es el estándar para evaluar la densidad ósea, no siempre es accesible. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir dos alternativas a la densitometría ósea para evaluar el riesgo de fractura por osteoporosis en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Métodos: estudio transversal de 332 mujeres posmenopáusicas sin diagnóstico o tratamiento de osteoporosis, que asistían regularmente a una unidad de primer nivel. Se realizó densitometría periférica de talón, examen físico e historia médica. La evaluación del riesgo de fractura se llevó a cabo mediante FRAXTM. Resultados: la edad media fue de 60 ± 8.7 años y el índice de masa corporal de 28.68 ± 4.24. Según la densitometría periférica de talón, mujeres 19 (5.7 %) tenían osteoporosis (T-score menor de 2.5), 171 (51.8 %) osteopenia (T-score entre 2.5 y menos de 1) y 141 (42.5 %) densidad mineral ósea normal. Según el método FRAX, 13 (3.9 %) tenían riesgo aumentado de fractura osteoporótica en un periodo de 10 años y 40 (12 %) de fractura de cadera. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de riesgo para osteoporosis es diferente de acuerdo con el método que se utilice para medirlo. La concordancia entre los dos métodos fue baja

Correlación entre la resistencia a la insulina y T3 en adolescentes con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de diabetes

Objetivo. Establecer la correlación entre las concentraciones séricas de triyodotironina y la resistencia a la insulina a través del índice HOMA en un grupo de hombres adolescentes con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de diabetes. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Participaron adolescentes con algún factor de riesgo para diabetes. Se determinó la presencia de síndrome metabólico empleando los criterios de ATPIII modificada por Cook. Se determinaron T3, T4, TSH e insulina basal. Se calculó el índice HOMA para resistencia a la insulina. Resultados. Se estudiaron 36 hombres con una edad promedio de 15.97±0.9 años. En la población total existió correlación positiva entre T3 y HOMA-IR (r=0.380 p=0.022), cuando se analizó en el grupo de SM la correlación se incrementó entre T3 y HOMA-IR (r=0.647 p=0.031). Determinando que existe correlación positiva entre los índices de resistencia a la insulina y las concentraciones de hormona tiroidea

Threatened abortion and gestational diabetes cases in Mexican pregnant women does not change with the FTO rs9939609 presence

The Obesity-associated fat mass (FTO) gene has been associated to a higher risk of obstetrical complications. The aim of this prospective, cross-sectional and comparative study was to determine if there are clinical or laboratorial differences in pregnant women with the presence/absence of FTO rs9939609 focused on threatened abortion. Pregnant women between 18 to 35 years of age were invited to participate. In all cases, it was obtained the sociodemographic information, anthropometry, clinical laboratories for obstetrical routine check-up, FTO rs9939609 positive expression, and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) indexes were also calculated. Comparisons of this type of variables between both groups were performed through Student´s T-test. Chi-Square Tests were used to contrast the GDM and threatened miscarriages percentages of cases between both groups. Pearson correlation was performed among the quantitative variables of all the study population. 57 women positive and 52 negative for the FTO rs9939609 presence were included in the study with a Gestational Diabetes Mellitus prevalence of 19.3%. When contrasting the variables by the presence/absence of FTO rs9939609 the p-values were far from being significant. As such, Chi-Square Tests did not show significant statistical difference neither for GDM nor for threatened miscarriage between both groups. Based on these results, the FTO rs9939609 presence did not reflect difference either in GDM or in threatened miscarriage. It was demonstrated in parallel, the utility of the QUICKI index in the metabolic evaluation during pregnancy. In conclusion, in Mexican women, pregnancy evolution and possible appearance of complications is not so determined by the FTO rs9939609 presence but by the overweight with which this physiological state is faced

Thyroid function is associated with insulin resistance markers in healthy adolescents with risk factors to develop diabetes

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents is rising. Thyroid function has been associated with insulin resistance. There is scarce information about how thyroid function could be related with cardiovascular risk or glucose homeostasis in adolescent. Aim: To analyze how thyroid function is associated with insulin resistance and another cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adolescents with risk factors to develop diabetes. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional analysis was carried out on euthyroid, adolescents. considered at high risk to develop Type 2 diabetes. Fasting blood samples were obtained. Thyroid function test and another cardiometabolic parameters were assessed. A 75 grams oral glucose tolerance test was performed to calculate insulin resistance. Results: One hundred adolescents were evaluated. The mean age was 15.9 ± 0.8 years, There is a negative correlation between Fasting insulin, post glucose load insulin and HOMA IR. There were no correlation with Matsuda index. We could not found any correlation with TSH values. Conclusions: We found a correlation between fasting insulin, HOMA IR and serum thyroid hormones, we did not find any relation with serum TSH. In euthyroid adolescents with risk factors to develop diabetes

Correlation of the homeostasis model assessment Index and adiponectin, leptin and insulin levels to body mass index-associated gene polymorphisms in adolescents

Se analiza la expresión de polimorfismos en adolescentes y su asociación con parámetros del síndrome metabólico.Objectives: This study aimed to describe correlations between glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index with regards to the presence/absence of fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) rs9939609 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-y rs1801282 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as indicators of body mass index in adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2016 in Toluca, Mexico. A total of 71 students between 14–18 years old were included. Various anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected, including lipid profile, glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and HOMA index. The degree of association between variables was evaluated with regards to the presence/absence of the SNPs. Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher among female students (P = 0.001), although adiponectin levels did not differ significantly (P = 0.060). There were significant positive correlations between insulin levels and HOMA index with FTO (r = 0.391; P = 0.007 and r = 0.413; P = 0.005, respectively) and PPARγ (r = 0.529; P = 0.007 and r = 0.537; P = 0.007, respectively) SNPs. Leptin showed a significant positive correlation in the presence of PPARγ (r = 0.483; P = 0.007) or in the absence of both SNPs (r = 0.627; P = 0.039). However, adiponectin was significantly negatively correlated in the presence of FTO, either alone (r = −0.333; P = 0.024) or in combination with PPARγ (r = −0.616; P = 0.043). Conclusion: The presence of FTO and/or PPARγ SNPs might be related to a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome.This study was funded with the aid of a grant from the Mexican Ministry of Education (grant #PROMEP/2013/CA-186/103105/13/9057)

Association of Irisin Serum Concentration and Muscle Strength in Normal-Weight and Overweight Young Women

Background: Irisin is a muscle-contraction-induced myokine. In previous studies, it has been related to exercise type, fitness and physical activity; however, evidence is not consistent. Thus, the aim of this study was to research the association between health-related fitness and irisin in young women. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional one. Young, healthy, nonsmoking women were enlisted. The sample comprised 40 overweight (OW) and 40 normal-weight (NW) individuals. The average age was 18.63 ± 0.63 and 18.78 ± 0.73 years, respectively. Components of health-related fitness, metabolic parameters, serum irisin and body composition were analyzed. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in physical tests between NW and OW groups for one-leg standing, hand grip strength, vertical jump, modified push-up, fitness index and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2MAX). There were no differences in concentrations of serum irisin between the groups. We found a positive correlation between irisin and hand grip strength (r = 0.374, p = 0.023). In a multivariate analysis adjusted by body fat, a significant association between irisin and hand grip strength was observed in OW group (β = 0.380, p = 0.026); as well, a positive association between irisin and one-leg standing test in NW group (β = 0.311, p = 0.044) was found. Conclusions: According to our findings, hand grip strength could be linked to irisin concentration in overweight young women

COMPUTACION APLICADA

GUIA DIDACTICA / PLANEACION DIDACTICA (NMS

SISTEMAS DE INFORMACION

GUIA DIDACTICA / PLANEACION DIDACTICA (NMS

PLANEACIÓN GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA DE: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN

GUÍA DIDÁCTICA / PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA (NMS

PLANEACIÓN GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA DE: COMPUTACIÓN APLICADA

GUÍA DIDÁCTICA / PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA (NMS