Incubadoras universitarias de empresas e de cooperativas : contrastes e desafios

Orientador: Renato Peixoto DagninoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de GeocienciasMestrad

USO DO SOLO E COBERTURA VEGETAL NA BACIA DO ALTO CURSO DO RIO UBERABA

As informações geradas do meio físico, levando em consideração a declividade, solos e uso das terras, permitem conhecer as características e as condições das áreas, fornecendo subsídios para atividades de análise ambiental e planejamento conservacionista. O presente estudo teve objetivo de delimitar, identificar e avaliar as diferentes categorias de uso do solo e cobertura vegetal na área bacia do alto curso do rio Uberaba, numa área de aproximadamente 528 km2, localizadas entre as coordenadas geográficas 19° 30’ e 19o 45’ sul e 47o 38’ e 48o 00’ oeste de Greenwich. Utilizou-se técnicas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto para mapeamento da bacia em estudo. A cobertura vegetal natural remanescente é caracterizada pelos seguintes tipos: mata/cerradão (galeria, topo e encostas), cerrado, campo cerrado (sujo) que juntos perfazem o equivalente a 30.363,57 hectares (57% da área); A vegetação natural vem sendo substituída em sua maior parte por pastagens e cultura anuais; A área em estudo é caracterizada em sua maior parte pelo seu relevo plano com baixas declividades; Os canais de 1º e 2º ordem dos córregos que nascem nas bordas da chapada é que mantém o volume de água do rio Uberaba no período seco

Avaliação da deterioração socioeconômica e ambiental da microbacia do córrego Saudade, afluente do rio Uberaba.

O manejo integrado da bacia hidrográfica visa à recuperação ambiental dessas unidades, buscando o equilíbrio dos ecossistemas, visando a sustentabilidade e uso dos recursos naturais renováveis. Com objetivo de avaliar a deterioração socioeconômica e ambiental na microbacia do córrego Saudade, foram aplicados os questionários adaptados do CIDIAT em 75% das propriedades da área em estudo, onde foram abordados aspectos socioeconômicos e ambientais. Os índices calculados para deterioração social, econômica, tecnológica, socioeconômica e ambiental foi de 47,4; 82,6; 55,9; 53,5 e 20,8%, respectivamente. A microbacia do córrego Saudade se encontra em elevado processo de deterioração, com mais de 50% da área comprometida; A deterioração para o fator econômico de 82,6% reflete as condições precárias de vida do morador da região; o valor obtido para deterioração ambiental de 20,8% não reflete o que foi observado nas visitas de campo

The impact of mortality from external causes on human development in the Brazilian borderland

This article estimates the impact of mortality from external causes on the human development index (HDI) along the Brazilian borderland from 2000 to 2005. Data obtained from Brazilian government agencies were combined using the methodology defined by the United Nations Development Program, revealing the HDI according to actual conditions. Subsequently, deaths from external causes were excluded in order to estimate their impact on the index, recalculating life expectancy using the technique of competing causes. HDI showed a gradual increase from North to South, with the most developed regions concentrated in the South, consistent with studies using other sets of economic indicators. By excluding mortality from external causes, the highest gains appeared in regions where the HDI (under actual conditions) were lower, and the magnitude of gains declined towards the South

Traffic control with autopilot as an alternative to decrease soil compaction in sugarcane areas

Control the machinery traffic through autopilot and use the combined spacing of two rows are possible solutions to mitigate soil compaction problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate traffic control using autopilot in order to soften the problem of soil compaction in mechanically-harvested sugarcane areas. The study was conducted in two experimental areas belonging to Usina Santa Fe, in New Europe, São Paulo, Brazil. The design was a randomized block design, with 3 treatments: T1 = sugarcane planted in single spacing and without autopilot (1.50 m); T2 = sugarcane planted in single line spacing and managed on autopilot; T3 = sugarcane planted under combined spacing of two rows (1.50 × 0.90 m) and managed with autopilot, with 4 replications. Was collected samples in the wheel row (WR) and the seedbed (SB), which was located next to the plant row to, in layers from 0.00 to 0.15 and 0.15-0.30 m. It was observed that the seed bed area showed higher porosity in the treatments with autopilot in the second year of evaluation. There were no differences in pore sizes and shapes between the treatments in the two years studied. The large and complex pores were observed to be reduced in the second evaluation year.The authors thank the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP) for funding the research, through projects linked to the processes 2012 / 21094-0 and 2012 / 144-6

Differences between remaining ability and loss of capacity in maximum aerobic impairment

In the evaluation of exercise intolerance of patients with respiratory diseases the American Medical Association (AMA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) have proposed similar classifications for rating aerobic impairment using maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) normalized for total body weight (ml min-1 kg-1). However, subjects with the same VO2max weight-corrected values may have considerably different losses of aerobic performance (VO2max expressed as % predicted). We have proposed a new, specific method for rating loss of aerobic capacity (VO2max, % predicted) and we have compared the two classifications in a prospective study involving 75 silicotic claimants. Logistic regression analysis showed that the disagreement between rating systems (higher dysfunction by the AMA/ATS classification) was associated with age >50 years (P<0.005) and overweight (P = 0.04). Interestingly, clinical (dyspnea score) and spirometric (FEV1) normality were only associated with the VO2max, % predicted, normal values (P<0.01); therefore, in older and obese subjects the AMA/ATS classification tended to overestimate the aerobic dysfunction. We conclude that in the evaluation of aerobic impairment in patients with respiratory diseases, the loss of aerobic capacity (VO2max, % predicted) should be used instead of the traditional method (remaining aerobic ability, VO2max, in ml min-1 kg-1).Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Estadual de CampinasHarbor-UCLA Medical CenterUNIFESPSciEL