Scrutinizing coupled vector dark energy in light of data

Since current challenges faced by $\Lambda$CDM might be hinting at new unravelled physics, here we investigate a plausible cosmological model where a vector field acts as source of dark energy. In particular, we examine whether an energy-momentum exchange between dark energy and dark matter could provide an explanation for current discrepancies in cosmological parameters. We carefully work out equations governing both background and linear order perturbations and implement them in a Boltzmann code. We found that a negative coupling makes the dark energy equation of state less negative and closer to a cosmological constant during the matter dominated epoch than an uncoupled vector dark energy model. While the effect of the coupling is hardly noticeable on the growth of matter density perturbations, matter velocity perturbations are enhanced at late-times when dark energy dominates. Therefore, data of redshift space distortions help to narrow down these kinds of couplings in the dark sector. We computed cosmological constraints and found common parameters also present in $\Lambda$CDM are in good agreement with the Planck Collaboration baseline result. However, our best fit predicts a much higher growth rate of matter perturbations at low redshift, thus exacerbating the disagreement with redshift space distortions data. We conclude that our coupled vector dark energy model does not solve current tensions (i.e., $H_0$ and $\sigma_8$). Moreover, having three additional parameters with respect to $\Lambda$CDM, the coupled vector dark energy model is heavily disfavoured by Bayesian evidence.Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. A few references were adde

PROYECTO LECTUSOFT “Software de Lectura, creación de cursos en línea para reforzar la enseñanza de la lectura en niños y niñas”

El proyecto busca incentivar el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, como apoyo a las actividades escolares de los docentes, ofreciéndoles la posibilidad de crearcursos en línea para reforzar la enseñanza de la lectura en niños y niñas, usando una serie de actividades disponibles en la herramienta, aprendizaje basado en la comprensión, usando las estrategias de mapas conceptuales

PROYECTO LECTUSOFT “Software de Lectura, creación de cursos en línea para reforzar la enseñanza de la lectura en niños y niñas”

El proyecto busca incentivar el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, como apoyo a las actividades escolares de los docentes, ofreciéndoles la posibilidad de crearcursos en línea para reforzar la enseñanza de la lectura en niños y niñas, usando una serie de actividades disponibles en la herramienta, aprendizaje basado en la comprensión, usando las estrategias de mapas conceptuales

Mielopatía estenótica vertebral cervical (MEVC) en un caballo criollo colombiano.

We present the case of a Colombian criollo horse, fine gauge, color moro, entire male and 17 years old, who was diagnosed with cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy (CVSM), from the town of Chimá (Cordoba, Colombia). At neurological examination detected symmetric ataxia worsened to cover the eyes, signs of incoordination, stumbling to the test latero drive, weakness and loss of proprioception primarily detected in the hindquarters with proprioception test, test hoping or hemi-jump was positive, radiology underwent cervical latero-lateral projection, detecting double medullary canal stenosis at the cervical vertebrae C2- C3 and C3-C4. These findings are mainly due to cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy (CVSM). This condition is also known as equine Woobler´s syndrome, which is a developmental disease characterized by cervical spinal canal stenosis resulting in intermittent or continuous compression of the spinal cord.   Se expone el caso de un caballo criollo Colombiano, de trocha fina, color moro, macho entero y 17 años de edad, el cual fue diagnosticado con Mielopatía Estenótica Vertebral Cervical (MEVC), procedente del municipio de Chimá (Córdoba, Colombia). Al examen neurológico se le detectó ataxia simétrica que empeoró al tapar los ojos, signos de incoordinación con tropiezos a la prueba de latero pulsión, debilidad y pérdida de la propiocepción principalmente en los miembros posteriores detectada con la prueba de propiocepción consciente, la prueba de Hoping o hemisalto fue positiva, razón por la cual se le realizó radiología cervical en proyección latero-lateral, detectando doble estenosis de canal medular a nivel de las vértebras cervicales C2-C3 y C3-C4. Estos hallazgos obedecen principalmente a Mielopatía Estenótica Vertebral Cervical (MEVC). Esta alteración es también conocida en equinos como Síndrome de Wooblers, la cual es una enfermedad del desarrollo caracterizada por estenosis del canal vertebral cervical resultando en compresión intermitente o continua de la médula espinal

Muerte súbita por rúptura esplénica en un ternero. Descripción patológica

The objective of this study is to report a case of sudden death in a calf 7-day splenic rupture in the department of Cordoba (Colombia). Were analyzed: the history, necropsy findings and histopathological examination with hematoxylin-eosin staining. The animal was left in the previous afternoon in apparent normality conditions and the following day in the morning the operator reported decay and death within minutes. At necropsy, the examination of the body was determined and marked pale mucous sign of dehydration, due to depression and dryness ocular tissues in the abdominal cavity was found accompanied by marked increase targeted hemoperitoneum due to a subcapsular hematoma, possibly with traumatic rupture of the largest edge, causing hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock type.El objetivo de este estudio es reportar un caso de muerte súbita en un ternero de 7 días por ruptura esplénica en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia). Fueron analizados: la historia clínica, los hallazgos de necropsia y el estudio histopatológico con tinción de Hematoxilina-Eosina. El animal fue dejado en la tarde del día anterior en condiciones de aparente normalidad y al día siguiente en horas de la mañana el operario reportó decaimiento y muerte unos minutos después. En la necropsia, al examen del cadáver se determinó mucosas pálidas y marcado signo de deshidratación, debido a la depresión ocular y a la resequedad de los tejidos, en la cavidad abdominal se encontró marcada colección de líquido sanguinolento libre acompañado de aumento focalizado del bazo debido a un hematoma subcapsular, posiblemente de origen traumático con ruptura del borde mayor, causando un shock hipovolémico de tipo hemorrágico

Psitacosis y salmonelosis: zoonosis que involucran a las aves

Zoonosis refers to infectious animal diseases that can be transmitted to humans. Infectious agents can be protozoa, fungi, bacteria, chlamydia, viruses or prions. Birds represent a high risk of getting a disease like this, not only by being in contact with them, but by eating foods derived from them. Two major zoonosis that involve birds are psittacosis and salmonellosis. Psittacosis is caused by Chlamydophila psittaci. It can cause anything from mild pneumonia to death of the animal; It is transmitted to humans through inhalation of the organism, producing a clinical picture characterized by pneumonia and systemic manifestations. The populations most at risk of acquiring this zoonosis are veterinarians, breeders of birds and every person in contact with infected birds. Salmonellosis is caused by a large number of species of Salmonella. Transmission occurs by eating contaminated with bacteria such as egg and meat foods. Diarrhea, fever and severe stomach cramps are common symptoms in the case of salmonellosis. The aim of this article is to review the general aspects of the disease and the process of transmission to humans. Zoonosis se refiere a enfermedades infecciosas de animales que se pueden transmitir a los humanos. Los agentes infecciosos pueden ser protozoarios, hongos, bacterias, clamidias, virus o priones. Las aves representan un riesgo alto de adquirir una enfermedad de este tipo, no solamente por estar en contacto con ellas, sino por consumir alimentos derivados de las mismas. Dos las zoonosis más importantes que involucran a la aves son la psitacosis y salmonelosis. La psitacosis es producida por Chlamydophila psittaci. Puede causar desde una leve neumonía hasta la muerte del animal; se transmite al humano a través de la inhalación del microorganismo, produciendo un cuadro clínico caracterizado por neumonía y manifestaciones generales. Las poblaciones con mayor riesgo de adquirir esta zoonosis son veterinarios, criadores de aves y toda persona en contacto con aves infectadas. La salmonelosis es causada por una gran cantidad de especies de Salmonella. La transmisión se da por el consumo de alimentos contaminados con la bacteria tales como el huevo y la carne. La diarrea, la fiebre y los calambres estomacales severos son síntomas comunes, en el caso de salmonelosis. El objetivo de este artículo se centra en revisar los aspectos generales de las enfermedades y el proceso de transmisión a los humanos

Artrogriposis metacarpofalangica bilateral en un mular (eqqus mulus). Reporte de un caso clínico

The aim of this study was to describe and discuss clinical signs, lesions and epidemiology and diagnostics of a case of arthrogryposis bilateral metacarpophalangeal a mule (Equus mulus) male, 5 days old, in the municipality of Toluviejo, Department of Sucre (Colombia). In describing the case, there was hyperflexion of metacarpophalangeal joints, difficulty moving, tenderness of the involved joint, by conducting extension movement. The diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, differential diagnosis and x-ray. It is the first report of this disease in mules in the department of Sucre, Colombia.El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y discutir signos clínicos, lesiones y epidemiologia y métodos diagnósticos de un caso de artrogriposis metacarpofalángica bilateral en un mulo (Equus mulus) macho, de 5 días de nacido, en el municipio de Toluviejo, departamento de Sucre (Colombia). Al describir el caso, se observó hiperflexión de ambas articulaciones metacarpofalángicas, dificultad para desplazarse, dolor a la palpación de la articulación comprometida, principalmente al realizar movimiento de extensión. El diagnóstico se fundamentó en la anamnesis, los signos clínicos, el diagnóstico diferencial y radiografía. Es el primer reporte de esta enfermedad en mulos en el departamento de Sucre, Colombia

The Oral and Skin Microbiomes of Captive Komodo Dragons Are Significantly Shared with Their Habitat.

Examining the way in which animals, including those in captivity, interact with their environment is extremely important for studying ecological processes and developing sophisticated animal husbandry. Here we use the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) to quantify the degree of sharing of salivary, skin, and fecal microbiota with their environment in captivity. Both species richness and microbial community composition of most surfaces in the Komodo dragon's environment are similar to the Komodo dragon's salivary and skin microbiota but less similar to the stool-associated microbiota. We additionally compared host-environment microbiome sharing between captive Komodo dragons and their enclosures, humans and pets and their homes, and wild amphibians and their environments. We observed similar host-environment microbiome sharing patterns among humans and their pets and Komodo dragons, with high levels of human/pet- and Komodo dragon-associated microbes on home and enclosure surfaces. In contrast, only small amounts of amphibian-associated microbes were detected in the animals' environments. We suggest that the degree of sharing between the Komodo dragon microbiota and its enclosure surfaces has important implications for animal health. These animals evolved in the context of constant exposure to a complex environmental microbiota, which likely shaped their physiological development; in captivity, these animals will not receive significant exposure to microbes not already in their enclosure, with unknown consequences for their health. IMPORTANCE Animals, including humans, have evolved in the context of exposure to a variety of microbial organisms present in the environment. Only recently have humans, and some animals, begun to spend a significant amount of time in enclosed artificial environments, rather than in the more natural spaces in which most of evolution took place. The consequences of this radical change in lifestyle likely extend to the microbes residing in and on our bodies and may have important implications for health and disease. A full characterization of host-microbe sharing in both closed and open environments will provide crucial information that may enable the improvement of health in humans and in captive animals, both of which experience a greater incidence of disease (including chronic illness) than counterparts living under more ecologically natural conditions