La gestión del valor de marca en el mercado de telefonía móvil

Ante la creciente competencia que existe en los mercados de consumo, muchas empresas optan por utilizar una estrategia que consiste en diferenciar su marca con el objetivo de posicionarse mejor en la mente del consumidor. Sin embargo, la medición del valor que otorga la enseña comercial no está clara. Las diversas metodologías que existen para el cálculo del valor de marca (métodos financieros y de marketing) tienen sus ventajas e inconvenientes y han de ser consideradas de forma global. En el presente trabajo se va a realizar el cálculo del valor de marca referido a las diferentes compañías que se encargan de la fabricación de teléfonos móviles. Con ello trataremos de ver si dicho concepto ha influido en el dinamismo reciente que se ha producido en el sector, así como los diferentes factores que han podido determinar los cambios sucedidos. Mediante la utilización de una encuesta y su posterior análisis veremos la situación actual que existe en el mercado español, la intención de compra así como las posibles tendencias a las que se dirige en el futuro. Todo ello nos permitirá establecer las posibles estrategias que las empresas pueden seguir para tratar de mantener o incluso mejorar su posición competitiva en el sector

Marketing en redes sociales

En este trabajo fin de grado se pretende profundizar en la utilidad de las redes sociales en el ámbito del marketing. Mediante la elaboración de un estudio empírico se pretende, además, conocer la influencia de las redes sociales en la sociedad, así como el éxito que pueden otorgar a las marcas. Asimismo, en este trabajo también se trata de analizar las posibles fórmulas de colaboración entre empresas e influencers, los cuales se han convertido en una canal popular de difusión de información. Analizadas estas estrategias, la investigación elaborada pretende mostrar cuál es la magnitud del éxito que pueden obtener las marcas mediante la contratación de los servicios de estos profesionales. Por todo esto, se desea ofrecer una visión actualizada de estas plataformas, con el fin de corroborar que se han convertido en un potente medio de comunicación con el que las compañías pueden contar a la hora de llevar a cabo sus campañas de publicidad.<br /

The effect of CO2-3 on the growth of barite {001} and {210} surfaces: An AFM study

The growth of barite {001} and {210} faces from aqueous solutions moderately supersaturated with respect to barite (βbarite ≈ 12 for experiments on {001} surfaces and βbarite ≈ 7 for experiments on {210} surfaces) and bearing different concentrations of carbonate has been studied in situ using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Nanoscopic observations show that, above a certain carbonate concentration threshold in the aqueous solution, the advancement of monolayers (~3.5Å in height) on barite {001} and {210} surfaces is strongly inhibited. However, inhibition never affects the growth of the first monolayer, whose growth rate increases in the presence of carbonate. In contrast, the second monolayer growth rate decreases as the concentration of carbonate in the solution increases. For high carbonate concentrations in the solution, growth stops after the formation of the first monolayer. While on barite {001} faces, the formation of a second monolayer does not occur for carbonate concentrations higher than 0.2 mM, on barite {210} faces the complete inhibition of the second monolayer is observed for carbonate concentrations higher than 0.05 mM. Once growth on {001} or {210} faces is completely inhibited, i.e. such surfaces are in the ‘‘dead zone’’, growth can be recovered by increasing supersaturation. In order to study the recovery behaviour of barite {001} and {210} faces from the ‘‘dead zone’’, an additional series of AFM experiments have been conducted. In these experiments, carbonate-free aqueous solutions with increasing supersaturations with respect to barite were passed over {001} and {210} surfaces previously ‘‘poisoned’’ with carbonate. Our experimental results show that the recovery of growth on barite {001} faces requires an important increase of the solution supersaturation. In contrast, the recovery of barite {210} surface growth does not require any supersaturation increase, but spontaneously occurs in a few minutes. Our observations of inhibition and growth recovery on barite surfaces at a nano-scale are discussed and compared with the descriptions given by the classical crystal growth inhibition models

La economía gallega post-COVID

This is a crisis like no other. The global economic outlook continues to be uncertain, more than a year after the declaration of the pandemic. Mutations of the virus, deaths and levels of contagion remain a cause for concern, although increases in vaccination rates, technical advances and responsible actions by citizens contribute to optimism. This paper shows the situation of the Galician economy through an analysis of its main magnitudes and variables and the effect of COVID on them

Los efectos de la crisis económica en Galicia a través de 25 cuadros.

Eleven years have passed since the beginning of the economic crisis that began in 2008 when two consecutive quarters of negative quarter-on-quarter variation rates were experienced. Throughout these eleven years, three key moments can be highlighted, which are the ones taken as a general reference: the second quarter of 2008, when the economic crisis begins; the fourth quarter of 2013, when the Galician economy begins its economic recovery; and the third quarter of 2017, when the pre-crisis level is achieved in terms of real GDP. The purpose of this paper is to offer, in a synthetic way, an image of the effects of the economic crisis from the data collected in the following graphs and table

Los salarios en Galicia. Una visión a través de las fuentes estadísticas

The aim of this paper is to present a descriptive analysis, and therefore apt to be interpreted, of the salary evolution in Galicia. For this reason, it is approached from three different perspectives: firstly, a macroeconomic approximation is carried out analyzing the remuneration of the employees according to the data of the macroeconomic picture of Galicia; Secondly, the salary payments declared in the “IRPF” to the Tax Agency are considered; Finally, the data obtained through surveys are collected: the “EPA” and the annual labor cost surve

Los efectos de la crisis económica en Galicia a través de 25 cuadros.

Eleven years have passed since the beginning of the economic crisis that began in 2008 when two consecutive quarters of negative quarter-on-quarter variation rates were experienced. Throughout these eleven years, three key moments can be highlighted, which are the ones taken as a general reference: the second quarter of 2008, when the economic crisis begins; the fourth quarter of 2013, when the Galician economy begins its economic recovery; and the third quarter of 2017, when the pre-crisis level is achieved in terms of real GDP. The purpose of this paper is to offer, in a synthetic way, an image of the effects of the economic crisis from the data collected in the following graphs and table

Los salarios en Galicia. Una visión a través de las fuentes estadísticas

The aim of this paper is to present a descriptive analysis, and therefore apt to be interpreted, of the salary evolution in Galicia. For this reason, it is approached from three different perspectives: firstly, a macroeconomic approximation is carried out analyzing the remuneration of the employees according to the data of the macroeconomic picture of Galicia; Secondly, the salary payments declared in the “IRPF” to the Tax Agency are considered; Finally, the data obtained through surveys are collected: the “EPA” and the annual labor cost surve

Análisis de los factores de decaimiento en una repoblación de Pinus halepensis en el Sistema Ibérico zaragozano

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cmv1 is a gate for Cucumber mosaic virus transport from bundle sheath cells to phloem in melon

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has the broadest host range among plant viruses, causing enormous losses in agriculture. In melon, strains of subgroup II are unable to establish a systemic infection in the near‐isogenic line SC12‐1‐99, which carries the recessive resistance gene cmv1 from the accession PI 161375, cultivar ‘Songwhan Charmi’. Strains of subgroup I overcome cmv1 resistance in a manner dependent on the movement protein. We characterized the resistance conferred by cmv1 and established that CMV‐LS (subgroup II) can move from cell to cell up to the veins in the inoculated leaf, but cannot enter the phloem. Immunogold labelling at transmission electron microscopy level showed that CMV‐LS remains restricted to the bundle sheath (BS) cells in the resistant line, and does not invade vascular parenchyma or intermediary cells, whereas, in the susceptible line ‘Piel de Sapo’ (PS), the virus invades all vein cell types. These observations indicate that the resistant allele of cmv1 restricts systemic infection in a virus strain‐ and cell type‐specific manner by acting as an important gatekeeper for virus progression from BS cells to phloem cells. Graft inoculation experiments showed that CMV‐LS cannot move from the infected PS stock into the resistant cmv1 scion, thus suggesting an additional role for cmv1 related to CMV transport within or exit from the phloem. The characterization of this new form of recessive resistance, based on a restriction of virus systemic movement, opens up the possibility to design alternative approaches for breeding strategies in melon.Fil: Guiu Aragonés, Cèlia. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Sánchez Pina, María Amelia. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura; EspañaFil: Díaz Pendón, Juan Antonio. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Universidad de Málaga; EspañaFil: Peña, Eduardo José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentina. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes; FranciaFil: Heinlein, Manfred. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes; FranciaFil: Martín Hernández, Ana Montserrat. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries; España. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Españ