Conceptualization and finite element groundwater flow modeling of a flooded underground mine reservoir in the Asturian Coal Basin, Spain

This work has been conducted as part of the MERIDA project (Management of Environmental Risks During and After mine closure) supported by the RFCS under Contract No. RFCR-CT-2015-00004. The authors thank the support of Alicja Krzemień (Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland), Ana Suárez Sánchez and Pedro Riesgo Fernández (University of Oviedo, Spain) and the Hulleras del Norte, S.A. (HUNOSA) coal mining company. We also gratefully acknowledge the suggestions and comments of Russell Adams, Christian Wolkersdorfer and Geoff Parkin in the review process.Peer reviewedPostprin

Use of microgravity for identification of delayed gravity drainage and conceptual model selection in unconfined aquifers

Funding Information: Andrés González Quirós is the recipient of a Royal Society – Newton International Fellowship (NIF\R1\182210). We thank Professor Ty Ferre and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments which contributed to improve the manuscript.Peer reviewedPostprin

Polaridad de orgánulos en las células mesodérmicas cefálicas del embrión de pollo durante la neurulación

[ES] Polaridad de orgánulos en las células mesodérmicas cefálicas del embrión de pollo durante la neurulació

Estudio morfológico mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido de las células neuroectodérmicas de embrión de pollo en cultivo durante la neurulación

[ES] Estudio morfológico mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido de las células neuroectodérmicas de embrión de pollo en cultivo durante la neurulació

Development and Validation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Markers from Two Transcriptome 454-Runs of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Using High-Throughput Genotyping

The turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is a commercially valuable flatfish and one of the most promising aquaculture species in Europe. Two transcriptome 454-pyrosequencing runs were used in order to detect Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to immune response and gonad differentiation. A total of 866 true SNPs were detected in 140 different contigs representing 262,093 bp as a whole. Only one true SNP was analyzed in each contig. One hundred and thirteen SNPs out of the 140 analyzed were feasible (genotyped), while Ш were polymorphic in a wild population. Transition/transversion ratio (1.354) was similar to that observed in other fish studies. Unbiased gene diversity (He) estimates ranged from 0.060 to 0.510 (mean = 0.351), minimum allele frequency (MAF) from 0.030 to 0.500 (mean = 0.259) and all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. A large number of SNPs (49) were located in the coding region, 33 representing synonymous and 16 non-synonymous changes. Most SNP-containing genes were related to immune response and gonad differentiation processes, and could be candidates for functional changes leading to phenotypic changes. These markers will be useful for population screening to look for adaptive variation in wild and domestic turbot.This study was supported by the Consolider Ingenio Aquagenomics (CSD200700002), the Science and Education Spanish Ministry (AGL2009-11782) and the Xunta de Galicia (09MMA011261PR) projectsS

Integrative Transcriptome, Genome and Quantitative Trait Loci Resources Identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes for Growth Traits in Turbot

Growth traits represent a main goal in aquaculture breeding programs and may be related to adaptive variation in wild fisheries. Integrating quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and next generation sequencing can greatly help to identify variation in candidate genes, which can result in marker-assisted selection and better genetic structure information. Turbot is a commercially important flatfish in Europe and China, with available genomic information on QTLs and genome mapping. Muscle and liver RNA-seq from 18 individuals was carried out to obtain gene sequences and markers functionally related to growth, resulting in a total of 20,447 genes and 85,344 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Many growth-related genes and SNPs were identified and placed in the turbot genome and genetic map to explore their co-localization with growth-QTL markers. Forty-five SNPs on growth-related genes were selected based on QTL co-localization and relevant function for growth traits. Forty-three SNPs were technically feasible and validated in a wild Atlantic population, where 91% were polymorphic. The integration of functional and structural genomic resources in turbot provides a practical approach for QTL mining in this species. Validated SNPs represent a useful set of growth-related gene markers for future association, functional and population studies in this flatfish speciesThis work was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and European Regional Development Funds (AGL2012-35904), and Ministry of Science and Innovation (Consolider Ingenio, Aquagenomics, CSD200700002). DR was supported by a FPU fellowship funded by Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. Thanks to Lucía Ínsua for technical assistance. We thank the High-Throughput Genomics Group at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics for the generation of the sequencing data, and the Spanish National Genotyping Center (CEGEN-ISCIII)-USC node for SNP genotyping support. We acknowledge the support of the Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA) in the completion of this workS

Integrative transcriptome, genome and quantitative trait loci resources identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for growth traits in turbot

Growth traits represent a main goal in aquaculture breeding programs and may be related to adaptive variation in wild fisheries. Integrating quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and next generation sequencing can greatly help to identify variation in candidate genes, which can result in marker-assisted selection and better genetic structure information. Turbot is a commercially important flatfish in Europe and China, with available genomic information on QTLs and genome mapping. Muscle and liver RNA-seq from 18 individuals was carried out to obtain gene sequences and markers functionally related to growth, resulting in a total of 20,447 genes and 85,344 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Many growth-related genes and SNPs were identified and placed in the turbot genome and genetic map to explore their co-localization with growth-QTL markers. Forty-five SNPs on growth-related genes were selected based on QTL co-localization and relevant function for growth traits. Forty-three SNPs were technically feasible and validated in a wild Atlantic population, where 91% were polymorphic. The integration of functional and structural genomic resources in turbot provides a practical approach for QTL mining in this species. Validated SNPs represent a useful set of growth-related gene markers for future association, functional and population studies in this flatfish species

Implicaciones morfogenéticas de las correlaciones entre datos estereológicos que definen la ultraestructura de la células del embrión de pollo en neurulación

[ES] Implicaciones morfogenéticas de las correlaciones entre datos estereológicos que definen la ultraestructura de la células del embrión de pollo en neurulació

Discovery of a mass grave from the Spanish Civil War using GPR and forensic archaeology

An estimated 500,000 people died from all causes during the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939, with a further 135,000 killed after the war ended. There are currently over 2,000 known mass burial locations throughout Spain but many more are unknown. This study details the successful search for an unmarked mass grave in mountainous terrain in the Asturias region of Northern Spain. Two approximate locations were known due to eyewitness accounts. A phased site investigation approach was undertaken, which included ground penetrating radar. Results showed a clear geophysical anomaly on 2D GPR profiles. The identified area was subsequently intrusively investigated by forensic archaeologists and human remains were successfully discovered. Careful and sensitive investigations are essential in these approaches where living relatives are involved

A combined strategy involving Sanger and 454 pyrosequencing increases genomic resources to aid in the management of reproduction, disease control and genetic selection in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Background: Genomic resources for plant and animal species that are under exploitation primarily for human consumption are increasingly important, among other things, for understanding physiological processes and for establishing adequate genetic selection programs. Current available techniques for high-throughput sequencing have been implemented in a number of species, including fish, to obtain a proper description of the transcriptome. The objective of this study was to generate a comprehensive transcriptomic database in turbot, a highly priced farmed fish species in Europe, with potential expansion to other areas of the world, for which there are unsolved production bottlenecks, to understand better reproductive- and immune-related functions. This information is essential to implement marker assisted selection programs useful for the turbot industry. Results: Expressed sequence tags were generated by Sanger sequencing of cDNA libraries from different immunerelated tissues after several parasitic challenges. The resulting database (“Turbot 2 database”) was enlarged with sequences generated from a 454 sequencing run of brain-hypophysis-gonadal axis-derived RNA obtained from turbot at different development stages. The assembly of Sanger and 454 sequences generated 52,427 consensus sequences (“Turbot 3 database”), of which 23,661 were successfully annotated. A total of 1,410 sequences were confirmed to be related to reproduction and key genes involved in sex differentiation and maturation were identified for the first time in turbot (AR, AMH, SRY-related genes, CYP19A, ZPGs, STAR FSHR, etc.). Similarly, 2,241 sequences were related to the immune system and several novel key immune genes were identified (BCL, TRAF, NCK, CD28 and TOLLIP, among others). The number of genes of many relevant reproduction- and immune-related pathways present in the database was 50–90% of the total gene count of each pathway. In addition, 1,237 microsatellites and 7,362 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also compiled. Further, 2,976 putative natural antisense transcripts (NATs) including microRNAs were also identified Conclusions: The combined sequencing strategies employed here significantly increased the turbot genomic resources available, including 34,400 novel sequences. The generated database contains a larger number of genes relevant for reproduction- and immune-associated studies, with an excellent coverage of most genes present in many relevant physiological pathways. This database also allowed the identification of many microsatellites and SNP markers that will be very useful for population and genome screening and a valuable aid in marker assisted selection programs.The current work was granted by the Spanish Government thanks to a Consolider Project (Project Aquagenomics, ref. CDS2007-0002) and to projects AGL2006-13158-C03 and AGL2009-13282-C01 and C02. LR was supported by an Aquagenomics postdoctoral contract and BGP was supported by an Isidro Parga Pondal research fellowship from the Xunta de Galicia (Spain).S