608 research outputs found
Experiential Avoidance and Technological Addictions in Adolescents
Background and aims This study focuses on the use of popular information and communication technologies (ICTs) by adolescents: the Internet, mobile phones, and video games. The relationship of ICT use and experiential avoidance (EA), a construct that has emerged as underlying and transdiagnostic to a wide variety of psychological problems, including behavioral addictions, is examined. EA refers to a self-regulatory strategy involving efforts to control or escape from negative stimuli such as thoughts, feelings, or sensations that generate strong distress. This strategy, which may be adaptive in the short term, is problematic if it becomes an inflexible pattern. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore whether EA patterns were associated with addictive or problematic use of ICT in adolescents. Methods A total of 317 students of the Spanish southeast between 12 and 18 years old were recruited to complete a questionnaire that included questions about general use of each ICTs, an experiential avoidance questionnaire, a brief inventory of the Big Five personality traits, and specific questionnaires on problematic use of the Internet, mobile phones, and video games. Results Correlation analysis and linear regression showed that EA largely explained results regarding the addictive use of the Internet, mobile phones, and video games, but not in the same way. As regards gender, boys showed a more problematic use of video games than girls. Concerning personality factors, conscientiousness was related to all addictive behaviors. Discussion and conclusions We conclude that EA is an important construct that should be considered in future models that attempt to explain addictive behaviors
Applying model-driven paradigm: CALIPSOneo experience
Model-Driven Engineering paradigm is being used by the research community in the last years, obtaining suitable results. However, there are few practical experiences in the enterprise field. This paper presents the use of this paradigm in an aeronautical PLM project named CALIPSOneo currently under development in Airbus. In this context, NDT methodology was adapted as methodology in order to be used by the development team. The paper presents this process and the results that we are getting from the project. Besides, some relevant learned lessons from the trenches are concluded.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2010-20057-C03-02Junta de Andalucía TIC-578
Un proyecto de innovación docente e iniciación a la investigación en Arqueología e Historia Antigua: la Universidad de Sevilla en la villa del casale (Sicilia)
En este artículo se presenta un proyecto de innovación docente e introducción a la investigación desarrollado en la Universidad de Sevilla en las áreas de Arqueología e Historia
Antigua. El proyecto se lleva realizando desde hace cuatro cursos académicos y su objetivo
principal es acercar a los estudiantes de Historia a las destrezas y contenidos propios de la
investigación en la Antigüedad clásica y la práctica arqueológica. Se emplea para conseguir
este fin el caso concreto de la villa tardoantigua de Piazza Armerina en Sicilia. En el presente
artículo se plantean los objetivos principales del proyecto, su metodología y seguimiento, así
como los resultados obtenidos hasta el momentoIn this paper, a project is presented on innovative teaching and introduction to research
carried out in the University of Seville in the fields of Archaeology and Ancient History. The
project has been put into effect over the last four academic years and its main aim is to familiarise History undergraduates with the skills and contents of Archaeology and Ancient
History as academic disciplines. To this end, the specific case of the Late-Roman Villa of
Piazza Armerina in Sicily is studied. The present paper assesses the principal objectives of the
project, its methodology, as well as the results obtained so far
Relevance of chronic stress and the two faces of microglia in Parkinson’s disease
This review is aimed to highlight the importance of stress and glucocorticoids (GCs)
in modulating the inflammatory response of brain microglia and hence its potential
involvement in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The role of inflammation in PD has been
reviewed extensively in the literature and it is supposed to play a key role in the course
of the disease. Historically, GCs have been strongly associated as anti-inflammatory
hormones. However, accumulating evidence from the peripheral and central nervous
system have clearly revealed that, under specific conditions, GCs may promote brain
inflammation including pro-inflammatory activation of microglia. We have summarized
relevant data linking PD, neuroinflamamation and chronic stress. The timing and duration
of stress response may be critical for delineating an immune response in the brain
thus probably explain the dual role of GCs and/or chronic stress in different animal
models of P
Insertion of benzyne into the Pd–C bond. Synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives by sequential insertion of benzyne and CO: 2,2’-functionalized biaryls containing alkylamino and carboxymethyl substituents. Isolation of stable carbopalladated-benzyne intermediates
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Chemical Communications, copyright © Royal Society of Chemistry after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.
This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/Reaction of ortho-palladated derivatives of phentermine and homoveratrylamine with benzyne allows the synthesis of enlarged eight-membered palladacycles resulting from the insertion of the aryne into the Pd–C bond, which subsequently react with CO, to render unnatural amino acid derivatives
Reactivity toward CO of Eight-Membered Palladacycles Derived from the Insertion of Alkenes into the Pd–C Bond of Cyclopalladated Primary Arylalkylamines of Pharmaceutical Interest. Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzazocinones, Ortho-Functionalized Phenethylamines, Ureas, and an Isocyanate
This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/.
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that
appeared in final form in Organometallics copyright © American Chemical
Society, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.The ortho-metalated complex [Pd{C,N-C6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (1a) derived
from homoveratrylamine reacts with ethyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone or 2-norbornene to
give the dimeric complex arising from the insertion of the alkene into the Pd–C bond,
[Pd{C,N-CH(R)CH2C6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (R = CO2Et (2a1), C(O)Me
(2a2)) or [Pd{C,N-CH(C5H8)CHC6H2CH2CH2NH2-2,(OMe)2-4,5}(μ-Br)]2 (2a3). Complexes
2a and the phentermine homologues 2b react with CO to afford Pd(0) and (1)
tetrahydrobenzazocinones, the heterocycles resulting from CO insertion into the Pd–C bond
and C–N coupling, (2) unnatural aminoacid derivatives resulting from CO insertion and the
reaction of the obtained acyl complex with the solvent (MeOH), or the product of
protonolysis of the Pd–C bond, depending on the nature of the initial cyclopalladated
compound or (3) ureas, alone or mixed with an isocyanate, in the presence of a base.
Phentermine derivatives 2b react with HCl to give a dinuclear palladium complex [PdCl(μ-
Cl)(L)], where L is the amine arising from the protonolysis of the Pd–C bond or the alkyl
group resulting from Pd–N bond protonolysis, depending on the nature of the inserted alkene.
The crystal structures of some palladium complexes and organic compounds have been
determined by X-ray diffraction studies
A New Method for High Yield Cyclopalladation of Primary and Secondary Amines. Atom-Efficient Open-to-Air Inexpensive Synthesis of Buchwald-Type Precatalysts
This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that
appeared in final form in Organometallics copyright © American Chemical
Society, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.
To access the
final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/om200464sA new method for high yield cyclopalladation of primary and secondary amines involving
the corresponding ammonium triflates, instead of the amines generally employed is reported. The
method is applied for the synthesis of Buchwald-type precatalysts [Pd(C,N-C6H4CH2CH(R’)NHR-
2)X(phosphine)] that can be easily prepared by reaction of Pd(OAc)2, one equiv of the ammonium triflate [PhCH2CH(R’)NH2R]OTf and an excess of NaX, and then treating the resulting complexes
[Pd2(C,N-C6H4CH2CH(R’)NHR-2)2(μ-X)2] with the appropriate phosphine. This new method has
several advantages over Buchwald´s reported synthesis
Uncovering the spatial structure of mobility networks
The extraction of a clear and simple footprint of the structure of large,
weighted and directed networks is a general problem that has many applications.
An important example is given by origin-destination matrices which contain the
complete information on commuting flows, but are difficult to analyze and
compare. We propose here a versatile method which extracts a coarse-grained
signature of mobility networks, under the form of a matrix that
separates the flows into four categories. We apply this method to
origin-destination matrices extracted from mobile phone data recorded in
thirty-one Spanish cities. We show that these cities essentially differ by
their proportion of two types of flows: integrated (between residential and
employment hotspots) and random flows, whose importance increases with city
size. Finally the method allows to determine categories of networks, and in the
mobility case to classify cities according to their commuting structure.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures +Supplementary informatio
Synthesis and Characterization of Elongated-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles as a Biocompatible Anisotropic SERS Probe for Intracellular Imaging: Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Verification
Progress in the field of biocompatible SERS nanoparticles has promising prospects for biomedical applications. In this work, we have developed a biocompatible Raman probe by combining anisotropic silver nanoparticles with the dye rhodamine 6G followed by subsequent coating with bovine serum albumin. This nanosystem presents strong SERS capabilities in the near infrared (NIR) with a very high (2.7 × 107) analytical enhancement factor. Theoretical calculations reveal the effects of the electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms in the observed SERS effect for this nanosystem. Finite element method (FEM) calculations showed a considerable near field enhancement in NIR. Using density functional quantum chemical calculations, the chemical enhancement mechanism of rhodamine 6G by interaction with the nanoparticles was probed, allowing us to calculate spectra that closely reproduce the experimental results. The nanosystem was tested in cell culture experiments, showing cell internalization and also proving to be completely biocompatible, as no cell death was observed. Using a NIR laser, SERS signals could be detected even from inside cells, proving the applicability of this nanosystem as a biocompatible SERS probe.España, Regional Ministry of Economy, Junta de Andalucía, P07-FQM-02595 (to CC), P10-FQM-06615 (to JMOM), P10-CTS-6928 (to DP) and PAIDI2020 Program (FQM319 to RFM and CTS677 to DP)Junta de Andalucía, PI-0070/2008 (to PZ) and PI-0068/2008 (to DP
From mobile phone data to the spatial structure of cities
Pervasive infrastructures, such as cell phone networks, enable to capture
large amounts of human behavioral data but also provide information about the
structure of cities and their dynamical properties. In this article, we focus
on these last aspects by studying phone data recorded during 55 days in 31
Spanish metropolitan areas. We first define an urban dilatation index which
measures how the average distance between individuals evolves during the day,
allowing us to highlight different types of city structure. We then focus on
hotspots, the most crowded places in the city. We propose a parameter free
method to detect them and to test the robustness of our results. The number of
these hotspots scales sublinearly with the population size, a result in
agreement with previous theoretical arguments and measures on employment
datasets. We study the lifetime of these hotspots and show in particular that
the hierarchy of permanent ones, which constitute the "heart" of the city, is
very stable whatever the size of the city. The spatial structure of these
hotspots is also of interest and allows us to distinguish different categories
of cities, from monocentric and "segregated" where the spatial distribution is
very dependent on land use, to polycentric where the spatial mixing between
land uses is much more important. These results point towards the possibility
of a new, quantitative classification of cities using high resolution
spatio-temporal data.Comment: 14 pages, 15 figure
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