Necesidad de un sistema informático de registro y control en Anatomía Patológica para la red hospitalaria en Cuba

El análisis de los resultados de la autopsia genera múltiples beneficios mayormente orientados a mejorar la calidad del trabajo médico. Su máximo aprovechamiento se sustenta en la gestión eficiente de la información generada, factible con la incorporación de las nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC). Cuba posee uno de los índices de autopsias más elevados del mundo, sin embargo el sistema en explotación en los departamentos de Anatomía Patológica no favorece el análisis de los indicadores de mortalidad y morbilidad, otros Sistemas de Información en Anatomía Patológica (SIAP) no se adaptan a las condiciones de la red hospitalaria cubana. El presente artículo refleja las características esenciales de los principales Sistemas de Información en Anatomía Patológica a nivel nacional e internacional; resaltando las tendencias actuales y tecnologías comúnmente utilizadas. Este estudio sienta las bases para el desarrollo de sistemas informáticos en el ámbito de la Anatomía Patológica incorporando buenas prácticas y tendencias actuales en el desarrollo de este tipo de software

Exercise training prior to myocardial infarction attenuates cardiac deterioration and cardiomyocyte dysfunction in rats

OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to investigate 1) whether aerobic exercise training prior to myocardial infarction would prevent cardiac dysfunction and structural deterioration and 2) whether the potential cardiac benefits of aerobic exercise training would be associated with preserved morphological and contractile properties of cardiomyocytes in post-infarct remodeled myocardium. METHODS: Male Wistar rats underwent an aerobic exercise training protocol for eight weeks. The rats were then assigned to sham surgery (SHAM), sedentary lifestyle and myocardial infarction or exercise training and myocardial infarction groups and were evaluated 15 days after the surgery. Left ventricular tissue was analyzed histologically, and the contractile function of isolated myocytes was measured. Student's t-test was used to analyze infarct size and ventricular wall thickness, and the other parameters were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's test or a one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test (

An overview on ultrafiltration in food processing

Generally speaking, purification represents the most costly step within food production and biotechnological processes. Membrane-based processes, such as ultrafiltration (pore size from 10 to 1000 Å) are widely used on an industrial scale. Membrane-based processes are aligned to green chemistry concepts, that is, they are environmentally-friendly, do not generate harmful residues, show a low consumption of energy and an easy scale-up, among others. The food industry applies ultrafiltration to a wide range of fields. For instance (i) dairy - milk treatment, production of ice cream, etc. As an alternative to pasteurization of milk, ultrafiltration can be used also as pretreatment of milk for cheese production, in which large molecular weight compounds such as caseins, whey proteins, etc., are in the retentate, whereas low molecular weight compounds such as lactose and peptides are in the permeate. Similarly, low lactose yogurts can be produced (ii) beverage - during the juice clarification using membranes, pulp, pectin and essential oils are retained, whereas the juice itself is permeate. Ultrafiltration is also used in the production of clear beer and wine (concentration) (iii) degumming edible oils - (e.g., crude soybean oil, sunflower seed oil), in which phospholipids are removed (retentate) by ultrafiltration as an equivalent first step of the oil refining process (traditionally, carried out by water or dilute acid that leads to precipitation phospholipids) (iv) fish, poultry and gelatin - ultrafiltration is largely used for wastewater treatment processes, in particular for high protein content residues. Nevertheless, over the past few decades, the recovery of bioactive peptides and proteins from these wastewaters has drawn significant attention, that is, doubly advantageous (waste treatment and recovery of high added-value compounds) (v) drinking water treatment - high quality potable water implies the absence of microorganisms (e.g., Giardia), organic matter (e.g., humic substances), inorganic particles, and others hazardous substances. This water quality can be achieved by ultrafiltration, in which the main limitation is related to long-term flux decline (membrane fouling). Thus, membrane materials and membrane filtration operating systems, etc., should be better investigated (vi) recovery of specific molecules - plant proteins, enzymes (e.g., lysosyme) and phenolic compounds can be recovery and purified by ultrafiltration well-defined methodologies. Membrane-based separations, in particular ultrafiltration, are extensively used by food industry. However, improvements are still needed in virtually all applications

Assessment of cardiovascular parameters during dental procedures under the effect of benzodiazepines: a double blind study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular parameters during dental procedures: systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, and heart rate. Nineteen healthy normotensive patients (18-56 years of age) received restorative treatment on three maxillary molars. The patients were continuously monitored by a non-invasive automatic monitor for blood pressure and heart rate during the pre-, trans-, and post-operative periods at the following stages: 15 min prior to anesthesia; during topical anesthesia; during infiltrative anesthesia; for 5 minutes immediately after; during cavity preparation; during restorative procedure; for 10 min after completion. Patients were divided into three groups: A (without pre-medication), B (preceded by 10 mg diazepam), and C (preceded by placebo). All patients received infiltrative anesthesia containing 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine (36 mg) with epinephrine 1:100,000 (18 µg). There were no changes in the parameters during the clinical procedures. When groups were compared, there were significant differences in diastolic arterial pressures during anesthesia

Assessment of cardiovascular parameters during dental procedures under the effect of benzodiazepines: a double blind study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular parameters during dental procedures: systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, and heart rate. Nineteen healthy normotensive patients (18-56 years of age) received restorative treatment on three maxillary molars. The patients were continuously monitored by a non-invasive automatic monitor for blood pressure and heart rate during the pre-, trans-, and post-operative periods at the following stages: 15 min prior to anesthesia; during topical anesthesia; during infiltrative anesthesia; for 5 minutes immediately after; during cavity preparation; during restorative procedure; for 10 min after completion. Patients were divided into three groups: A (without pre-medication), B (preceded by 10 mg diazepam), and C (preceded by placebo). All patients received infiltrative anesthesia containing 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine (36 mg) with epinephrine 1:100,000 (18 µg). There were no changes in the parameters during the clinical procedures. When groups were compared, there were significant differences in diastolic arterial pressures during anesthesia

Estresse térmico ambiental e termorregulação em jogadores de futebol: uma revisão sistemática

O objetivo do estudo foi fazer uma revisão sistemática acerca dos efeitos do estresse térmico ambiental sobre a termorregulação em jogadores de futebol. Foram avaliados estudos em bases de dados pertencentes ao portal Periódicos Capes. Foi empregado o método Prisma para o desenvolvimento da revisão. Jogadores de futebol apresentam grande aumento da temperatura corporal associada à redução de desempenho físico durante o jogo em ambiente quente. Em relação às estratégias para amenizar esse prejuízo (ex. resfriamento, hidratação, aclimatação e aquecimento), o pequeno número de trabalhos encontrado (n = 18) apresenta resultados controversos, portanto são necessários mais estudos.The objective of the study was to systematically review the effects of the environmental thermal stress on thermoregulation in soccer players. We analyzed studies from databases belonging to the Periódicos Capes portal. The PRISMA method was used to perform the review. Soccer players exhibit high increase in body temperature associated with reduction in physical performance during game in warm environment. Concerning strategies to mitigate such impairment (e.g. cooling, hydration, acclimatization, warm up and heating), the small number of studies analyzed (n = 18) showed controversial results, which warrants more studies.El objetivo del estudio fue llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática sobre los efectos del estrés térmico ambiental en la termorregulación de jugadores de fútbol. Se evaluaron estudios en bases de datos pertenecientes al portal Periódicos Capes. Se empleó el método PRISMA para el desarrollo de la revisión. Los jugadores de fútbol presentan un gran aumento de la temperatura corporal asociada con la reducción de rendimiento físico durante el juego en un entorno caluroso. En cuanto a las estrategias para disminuir esta alteración (p. ej., enfriamiento, hidratación, aclimatación y calentamiento), el pequeño número de trabajos encontrados (n= 18) presentan resultados controvertidos, por lo que es necesaria la realización de más estudios