Body composition analysis of athletes from the elite of Brazilian soccer players Análise da composição corporal de atletas da elite do futebol brasileiro

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the body composition and bone mineral density of elite Brazilian soccer players and compared its differences according to the player position. Eighty-two soccer players competing at Brazilian first division were split according to their field positions: Goalkeepers (GK, n= 10), Backfielders (BF, n= 10), Lateral-midfielders (LM, n= 15), Central-midfielders (CM, n= 25), Forwards (FW, n= 22), and a Control Group (CG, n= 72) of university students. To estimate fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), percentage of body fat (%FM), fat free mass of legs (FFM-Legs) and bone mineral density (BMD), a DEXA was selected. The positions LM (10.5 ± 5.2), CM (9.7 ± 4.0) and FW (9.9 ± 4.4) had lower values of FM and %FM than the GK (17.3 ± 6.0) and the control group (15.0 ± 5.3). Compared to the other positions, FFM was higher in the GK (68.2 ± 10.9) and BF (64.6 ± 6.8) (p< 0.05). All the soccer players were different from the CG (p< 0.05). Soccer players have an FFM, FFM-Legs and BMD significantly higher and FM and %FM lower than the control group. Keywords: athletes, muscle mass, bone density, DXA RESUMO Este estudo analisou a composição corporal e densidade mineral óssea de atletas da elite do futebol brasileiro e comparar as diferenças entre as posições de jogo. Oitenta e dois jogadores de futebol da primeira divisão do Brasil foram divididos de acordo com a posição de jogo. Goleiros (GL, n= 10), Defensores (DF, n= 10), Laterais (LT, n= 15), Centrais (CT, n= 25), Atacantes (AT, n= 22) e um grupo controle (CG, n= 72). Para estimar a massa livre de gordura (MLG), massa gorda (MG), percentual de massa gorda (%MG), massa livre de gordura de pernas (MLG-Pernas) e densidade mineral óssea (DMO), foi usado o DEXA. A posição LT (10.5 ± 5.2), CT (9.7 ± 4.0) e AT (9.9 ± 4.4) apresentaram menores valores de MG e %MG que os GL (17.3 ± 6.0) e GC (15.0 ± 5.3). Comparado a outras posições, a MLG foi maior nos GL (68.2 ± 10.9) e DF (64.6 ± 6.8) (p< 0.05). Todos os jogadores apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação ao grupo controle (p< 0.05). Em suma, conclui-se que atletas da elite do futebol brasileiro apresentaram significativamente maior MLG, MLG-Pernas, DMO e menor MG e %MG que o grupo controle. Palavras-chave: atletas, massa muscular; densidade mineral óssea Manuscrip

Validação do glicosímetro portátil para avaliação, prescrição e monitoramento do treinamento aeróbio

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram analisar a validade do glicosímetro portátil, para avaliação da capacidade aeróbia. Para isso dois estudos foram realizados no intuito de: I) verificar a reprodutibilidade do limiar glicêmico (LG), determinado por meio de glicosímetro portátil e compará-lo à intensidade de máxima fase estável de lactato (MFEL). II) comparar as intensidades de limiar anaeróbio determinado por parâmetros glicêmicos (LG), lactacidêmicos (LAN) e ventilatórios (PCR). No estudo I, nove indivíduos foram submetidos a dois testes incrementais para verificação da reprodutibilidade dos valores. Para comparação a MFEL, além de um teste incremental, dezesseis participantes realizaram de dois a quatro esforços constantes com duração de 30min para a determinação da MFEL (todos em esteira rolante). Os resultados mostraram que o LG da situação teste (11±1,2 km·h-1) e reteste (11±1,2 km·h-1) não foram diferentes, apresentaram significativo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC= 0,70) e baixo ET (0,47 km·h-1). Embora os valores de LG (10,7±1,4) e MFEL (10,2±1,5) não tenham sido significativamente diferentes e...The aims of this study were to analyze the validity of the portable glucometer to evaluate aerobic capacity. For two studies that were conducted in order to: I) verify the reproducibility of glycemic threshold (LG), determined using portable glucometer and compare it to the intensity maximum lactate steady state (MLSS). II) compare intensities of anaerobic threshold determined by glycemic parameters (LG), analysis lactate (LAN) and ventilation (RCP). As I study, nine subjects underwent two incremental tests (treadmill) to determine the reproducibility of values. To compare the MLSS, plus an incremental test, sixteen participants performed two to four constant efforts lasting 30 min for the determination of MLSS. The results showed that the LG situation test (11 ± 1.2 km·h-1) and retest (11 ± 1.2 km·h-1) were not different, showed significant intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0, 70) and low ET (0.47 km·h-1). Although the values of LG (10.7 ± 1.4) and MLSS (10.2 ± 1.5) were not significantly different and highly correlated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Body composition analysis of athletes from the elite of Brazilian soccer players

<p class="ResumoAbstract"><span lang="EN-US">This study analyzed the body composition and bone mineral density of elite Brazilian soccer players and compared its differences according to the player position. Eighty-two soccer players competing at Brazilian first division were split according to their field positions: Goalkeepers (GK, n= 10), Back-fielders (BF, n= 10), Lateral-mid</span><span>fi</span><span lang="EN-US">elders (LM, n= 15), Central-mid</span><span>fi</span><span lang="EN-US">elders (CM, n= 25), Forwards (FW, n= 22), and a Control Group (CG, n= 72) of university students. To estimate fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), percentage of body fat (%FM), fat free mass of legs (FFM-Legs) and bone mineral density (BMD), a DE</span><span lang="EN-US">XA was selected. The positions LM (10.5 ± 5.2), CM (9.7 ± 4.0) and FW (9.9 ± 4.4) had lower values of FM and %FM than the GK (17.3 ± 6.0) and the control group (15.0 ± 5.3). Compared to the other positions, FFM was higher in the GK (68.2 ± 10.9) and BF (64.6 ± 6.8) (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05). All the soccer players were different from the CG (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05). Soccer players have an FFM, FFM-Legs and BMD significantly higher and FM and %FM lower than the control group.</span></p

Similar Anti-Inflammatory Acute Responses from Moderate-Intensity Continuous and High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) versus volume matched steady state exercise (SSE) on inflammatory and metabolic responses. Eight physically active male subjects completed two experimental sessions, a 5-km run on a treadmill either continuously (70% vVO2max) or intermittently (1:1 min at vVO2max). Blood samples were collected at rest, immediately, 30 and 60 minutes after the exercise session. Blood was analyzed for glucose, non-ester fatty acid (NEFA), uric acid, lactate, cortisol, and cytokines (IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) levels. The lactate levels exhibited higher values immediately post-exercise than at rest (HIIE 1.34 ± 0.24 to 7.11 ± 2.85, and SSE 1.35 ± 0.14 to 4.06±1.60 mmol·L-1, p 0.05). Cortisol, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α levels showed time-dependent changes under the different conditions (p < 0.05), however, the area under the curve of TNF-α in the SSE were higher than HIIE (p < 0.05), and the area under the curve of IL-6 in the HIIE showed higher values than SSE (p < 0.05). In addition, both exercise conditions promote increased IL-10 levels and IL-10/TNF-α ratio (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that both exercise protocols, when volume is matched, promote similar inflammatory responses, leading to an anti-inflammatory status; however, the metabolic responses are different