4 research outputs found
Efectos alelop谩ticos de extractos acuosos de hojas de bot贸n de oro [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray.] sobre la germinaci贸n de semillas y crecimiento de pl谩ntulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.)
Get PDFSome chemical compounds released by plants can to control the presence of other plants in their environment both of their own species and different ones, allelopathy is an important factor in regulating the structure of plant communities, a better understanding of these relationships is critical for appropriate agricultural development. The objective was to determine the effects of aqueous extracts of leaves of tree marigold (Tithonia diversifolia) on seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivar Parris Island. A 15% w/v extract was prepared with leaves of tree marigold gold, it was allowed to stand for 48 h. After, diluting extracts at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% w/v were obtained and pH and electrical conductivity (S.cm-1 ) were determined. Sowing was carried out in trays covered with a double layer of absorbent paper on which were placed 25 seeds/tray. Irrigation was applied twice per day using leaf extracts. The control treatment received tap water. A randomized complete block design was used with four replications. Seedlings were harvested at 14 days after sowing. pH decreased and electrical conductivity increased with increases in the concentration of leaf extracts. The germination was negatively affected by extracts. A lowering effect was observed on the overall growth of lettuce seedlings.Algunos compuestos qu铆micos liberados por las plantas tienen la capacidad de controlar la presencia de otras plantas en su entorno tanto de su propia especie como de otras, la alelopat铆a es un factor de importancia en la regulaci贸n de la estructura de las comunidades vegetales, resultando crucial para un apropiado desarrollo agr铆cola un mejor entendimiento de estas relaciones. La investigaci贸n tuvo por objeto determinar los efectos de extractos acuosos del follaje del bot贸n de oro (Tithonia diversifolia) sobre germinaci贸n de semillas y crecimiento de pl谩ntulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.), cultivar Parris Island. Se prepar贸 un extracto al 15 % p/v con hojas de plantas de bot贸n de oro, se dej贸 reposar por 48 h y luego se obtuvo por diluci贸n extractos al 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 y 2,0 % p/v evalu谩ndoseles pH y conductividad el茅ctrica (S.cm-1 ). La siembra se realiz贸 en bandejas cubiertas con una doble capa de papel absorbente sobre la que se coloc贸 25 semillas/bandeja. Fueron regadas dos veces diarias con los extractos foliares. El tratamiento control recibi贸 agua corriente. El dise帽o estad铆stico fue bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La cosecha de las pl谩ntulas se efectu贸 a los 14 d铆as despu茅s de la siembra. El pH disminuy贸 y la conductividad el茅ctrica se increment贸 con los aumentos en la concentraci贸n de los extractos foliares. La germinaci贸n se vio afectada negativamente por los extractos. Se demostr贸 un efecto reductor sobre el crecimiento general de las pl谩ntulas de lechuga
Efectos alelop谩ticos de extractos acuosos de hojas de bot贸n de oro [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray.] sobre la germinaci贸n de semillas y crecimiento de pl谩ntulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.)
No full textSome chemical compounds released by plants can to control the presence of other plants in their environment both of their own species and different ones, allelopathy is an important factor in regulating the structure of plant communities, a better understanding of these relationships is critical for appropriate agricultural development. The objective was to determine the effects of aqueous extracts of leaves of tree marigold (Tithonia diversifolia) on seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivar Parris Island. A 15% w/v extract was prepared with leaves of tree marigold gold, it was allowed to stand for 48 h. After, diluting extracts at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% w/v were obtained and pH and electrical conductivity (S.cm-1 ) were determined. Sowing was carried out in trays covered with a double layer of absorbent paper on which were placed 25 seeds/tray. Irrigation was applied twice per day using leaf extracts. The control treatment received tap water. A randomized complete block design was used with four replications. Seedlings were harvested at 14 days after sowing. pH decreased and electrical conductivity increased with increases in the concentration of leaf extracts. The germination was negatively affected by extracts. A lowering effect was observed on the overall growth of lettuce seedlings.Algunos compuestos qu铆micos liberados por las plantas tienen la capacidad de controlar la presencia de otras plantas en su entorno tanto de su propia especie como de otras, la alelopat铆a es un factor de importancia en la regulaci贸n de la estructura de las comunidades vegetales, resultando crucial para un apropiado desarrollo agr铆cola un mejor entendimiento de estas relaciones. La investigaci贸n tuvo por objeto determinar los efectos de extractos acuosos del follaje del bot贸n de oro (Tithonia diversifolia) sobre germinaci贸n de semillas y crecimiento de pl谩ntulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.), cultivar Parris Island. Se prepar贸 un extracto al 15 % p/v con hojas de plantas de bot贸n de oro, se dej贸 reposar por 48 h y luego se obtuvo por diluci贸n extractos al 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 y 2,0 % p/v evalu谩ndoseles pH y conductividad el茅ctrica (S.cm-1 ). La siembra se realiz贸 en bandejas cubiertas con una doble capa de papel absorbente sobre la que se coloc贸 25 semillas/bandeja. Fueron regadas dos veces diarias con los extractos foliares. El tratamiento control recibi贸 agua corriente. El dise帽o estad铆stico fue bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La cosecha de las pl谩ntulas se efectu贸 a los 14 d铆as despu茅s de la siembra. El pH disminuy贸 y la conductividad el茅ctrica se increment贸 con los aumentos en la concentraci贸n de los extractos foliares. La germinaci贸n se vio afectada negativamente por los extractos. Se demostr贸 un efecto reductor sobre el crecimiento general de las pl谩ntulas de lechuga
Desinfecci贸n de 谩pices de Yuca ( Manihot Esculenta Crantz) cv. 'Querepa Rosada' con Hipoclorito de Sodio
No full textThis research was conducted in order to develop a disinfection protocol
for apical shoots of cassava, cultivar 篓Querepa Rosada篓,
using three dilutions of sodium hypochlorite and three immersion
periods. Meristems, 1mm long, from apical shoots collected in a
commercial cassava plantation located in Jusepin, Monagas State, were
used. The statistical design was completely randomized, with 11
treatments, 10 repetitions, one explant per repetition and for test
tube. Treatments used were three sodium hypochlorite concentrations
(a.i. 5.25%): 10, 20, and 30% (C10, C20 Y C30, respectively), combined
with three immersion times: 10, 20 y 30min (T10, T20 and T30,
respectively). Two control treatments were included: ethanol 70% for 5
sec and mercury chloride for 10min. Murashige and Skoog (1962) culture
medium was used, suplemented with sucrose (20 g/L), thiamine-HCl (0,4
mg/L), m-Inositol (100 mg/L), BAP (0,05 mg/L), AG (0,05 mg/L), ANA
(0,02 mg/L), agar (7 g/L), and a 5.8 pH. Explants were maintained in a
growth chamber at a 27-30掳C and 16hr of artificial light. The
percent of alive and not contaminated shoots was evaluated 8, 16 and 24
days after planting. Treatment differences were established using
t-student at 0.05%. The best disinfection treatment, 24 days after
planting, was the 10% (v/v) solution of sodium hypochlorite during 10
min.Esta investigaci贸n tuvo por objetivo determinar un protocolo de
desinfecci贸n de 谩pices de yuca del cultivar Querepa Rosada,
con soluciones de hipoclorito de sodio bajo tres concentraciones y tres
tiempos de inmersi贸n. Se emplearon 谩pices meristem谩ticos
de 1 mm de longitud provenientes de brotes recolectados en una
plantaci贸n comercial, en Jusep铆n, estado Monagas. El
dise帽o estad铆stico fue completamente aleatorizado, con 11
tratamientos, 10 repeticiones, un explante por repetici贸n y por
tubo de ensayo. Los tratamientos estuvieron conformados por tres
concentraciones de hipoclorito de sodio (i.a. 5,25%): 10, 20 y 30 %
(C10, C20 y C30, respectivamente), combinadas con tres tiempos de
inmersi贸n: 10, 20 y 30 min (T10, T20 y T30, respectivamente). Se
incluyeron dos testigos: Etanol 70 % por 5 segundos y Bicloruro de
mercurio por 10 minutos. Se emple贸 el medio de Murasghige y Skoog
(1962), suplementado con sacarosa (20 g/L), Tiamina.HCl (0,4 mg/L),
m-Inositol (100 mg/L), BAP (0,05 mg/L), AG (0,05 mg/L), ANA (0,02
mg/L), agar (7 g/L), y pH 5,8. Los explantes se mantuvieron en
c谩mara de crecimiento a temperatura entre 27 y 30 掳C, y 16
horas de luz artificial. El efecto de los tratamientos se evalu贸 a
los 8, 16 y 24 d铆as despu茅s de la siembra mediante el
porcentaje de 谩pices vivos y no contaminados. Las diferencias
entre los porcentajes se establecieron mediante la prueba de t al 0,05
%. El mejor tratamiento de desinfecci贸n a los 24 dds fue el de
inmersi贸n en soluci贸n al 10 % (v/v) de hipoclorito de sodio
por 10 minutos
Propuesta para la creaci贸n del Departamento de Extensi贸n Agropecuaria del N煤cleo Monagas de la Universidad de Oriente (Proposal for the creation of the Departamento de Extensi贸n Agropecuaria (Agricultural Extension Department) of N煤cleo Monagas of The Universidad de Oriente)
No full textThe agricultural extension service plays an important role in the
attainment of desirable changes in the rural environment, guiding the
family capacities and making them participants of its own social,
economic and technological development for improving its life quality
in the context of a sustainable agriculture. It is for this reason that
the requirement of the creation of the Department of Agricultural
Extension Service of the Universidad de Oriente arises, which will
allow to link science and technology to the real context of the
agricultural production, in the search of integral solutions, in
agreement with the necessities and priorities of farmers of the area,
promoting changes in its knowledge, attitudes, skills and wishes, for
improving its welfare and of the population in general. Among the
principal objectives of the Department they will be: to carry out
diagnoses of the principal agriculture-social-economic problems of the
inhabitants of the rural communities of the Monagas state and to
develop action strategies that, by means of integral and sustainable
solutions and with the community participation, to have a worthy of
life for the farmers of the region. The area of influence of the
Department of Agricultural Extension Service will be framed initially
in the 13 Municipalities of the Monagas state and in the bordering
communities with other neighboring states, but later on, the action
range will be able to go toward communities belonging to all the states
of the Venezuelan East where Universidad de Oriente has influence.
Among the benefits that the creation of the Department of Agricultural
Extension Service will give to Universidad de Oriente they are:
diffusion and popularization of the research carried out by the
educational and research personnel staff members of University; regain
of the presence of the Universidad de Oriente in the agricultural
environment of the Oriental area of Venezuela; training and formation
of the educational personnel staff in programs of agricultural
extension; to achieve an increment of the in situ practical activities;
to carry out activities that allow to improve the life quality of
farmers of the area of influence of the Universidad de Oriente and to
advise agricultural extension works at level of higher education. The
personnel staff of this Department will be integrated for: A Head of
Department of Agricultural Extension Service; a Coordinator of
Agricultural Extension Service for each School (three in total); an
Agent of Agricultural Extension for each School (three in total);
responsible for programs or projects (the professors of the three
Schools) and a secretary. Besides the Universidad de Oriente, in the
Department of Agricultural Extension Service could be wrapped other
Institutions of public character as private (Polar Foundation, CIARA,
IICA, Government and Municipalities of Monagas State; INIA, MAT, CVG,
EUDOCA, FONACIT, FAO, Associations of Farmers, etc.). The financing to
cover the costs of opening of the Department of Agricultural Extension
Service, personnel staff payment and operational costs will be mainly
in charge of the Universidad de Oriente, but other Institutions like
the Governments and Municipalities of the Oriental States, Associations
of Farmers and enterprise like: PDVSA, Polar Foundation, Bigott
Foundation, Foninpal, FONDAFA, etc., and International Organisms as:
the World Bank, IICA, SIHCA, FAO, BID, UNICEF, ONGs, Embassies, etc,
they could help financially to the Department of Agricultural Extension
Service of Universidad de Oriente through the execution of projects
