Antibodies to laminin in preeclampsia.

Laminin is a large basement membrane glycoprotein localized in the trophoblast, glomerular basement membrane and in the mesangial matrix of human glomeruli. It promotes the attachment of epithelial cells to basement membrane collagen. We have found that 14 sera from 52 patients with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia contain IgG and IgM antibodies which react with placental and kidney basement membranes. These antibodies were specific for laminin and did not react with other basement membrane proteins. They were able to fix complement. They have been demonstrated by radial immunodiffusion, radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence blocking studies. In primary cultures they were shown to impair the attachment of trophoblast cells to basement membrane collagen. High levels of circulating immune complexes were detected only in sera from preeclamptic patients with circulating antibodies to laminin. The auto-antibodies to laminin could play a major role in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia by impairing the attachment of trophoblast cells to placental basement membranes and by fixation to the glomerular basement membranes and mesangial matrix

Increased ecological resource variability during a critical transition in hominin evolution

International audienc

Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

The results of a search are presented for the resonant production of high-mass photon pairs, specifically spin-0 and spin-2 resonances with an invariant mass between 0.5 and 4.5 TeV, and with a width, relative to the mass, between 1.4 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ and 5.6 $\times$ 10$^{-2}$. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess is observed relative to the standard model expectation. The results of the search are combined statistically with those previously obtained in 2012 and 2015 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ and 13 TeV, respectively, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 3.3 inverse femtobarns, to derive exclusion limits on scalar resonances produced through gluon-gluon fusion, and on Randall-Sundrum gravitons. The lower mass limits for Randall-Sundrum gravitons range from 1.95 to 4.45 TeV for coupling parameters between 0.01 and 0.2. These are the most stringent limits on Randall-Sundrum graviton production to date

Search for CP violation in ttˉt\bar{t} production and decay in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV

The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark $(t\bar{t})$ pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns.. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with ttbar production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model

Search for supersymmetry with multiple charged leptons in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{ s} = 13 TeVc

Results are reported from a search for physics beyond-the-standard-model, such as supersymmetry, in final states with at least three charged leptons, in any combination of electrons or muons. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{ s} =$13 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2015. Two jets are required in each event, providing good sensitivity to strong production of gluinos and squarks. The search regions, sensitive to a range of different supersymmetry scenarios, are defined using the number of jets tagged as originating from bottom quarks, the sum of the magnitudes of the transverse momenta of the jets, the imbalance in the overall transverse momentum in the event, and the invariant mass of opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pairs. The event yields observed in data are consistent with the expected background contributions from standard model processes. These results are used to exclude regions in parameter space in a variety of simplified models of supersymmetry. In a model with gluino pair production, with subsequent decay into a top quark-antiquark pair and a neutralino, gluinos with masses less than 1175 GeV are excluded for light neutralinos

Observation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in pPb collisions and its implication for the search for the chiral magnetic effect

Charge-dependent azimuthal particle correlations with respect to the second-order event plane in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV have been studied with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed with a three-particle correlation technique, using two particles with the same or opposite charge within the pseudorapidity range |η|<2.4, and a third particle measured in the hadron forward calorimeters (4.4<|η|<5). The observed differences between the same and opposite sign correlations, as functions of multiplicity and η gap between the two charged particles, are of similar magnitude in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at the same multiplicities. These results pose a challenge for the interpretation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in heavy ion collisions in terms of the chiral magnetic effect

Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

A search for the resonant production of high-mass photon pairs is presented. The search focuses on spin-0 and spin-2 resonances with masses between 0.5 and 4.5 TeV, and with widths, relative to the mass, between 1.4 $\times$ 10$^{−4}$ and 5.6 $\times$ 10$^{−2}$ . The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb$^{−1}$ of proton–proton collisions collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess is observed relative to the standard model expectation. The results of the search are combined statistically with those previously obtained in 2012 and 2015 at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 and 13 TeV, respectively, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 3.3 fb$^{−1}$, to derive exclusion limits on scalar resonances produced through gluon–gluon fusion, and on Randall–Sundrum gravitons. The lower mass limits for Randall–Sundrum gravitons range from 1.95 to 4.45 TeV for coupling parameters between 0.01 and 0.2. These are the most stringent limits on Randall–Sundrum graviton production to date

Suppression and azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt J/ψJ/\psi production in PbPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76 TeV

The nuclear modification factor ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ and the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient ${v_{2}}$ of prompt and nonprompt (i.e. those from decays of b hadrons) $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ mesons, measured from PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} =$ 2.76 TeV at the LHC, are reported. The results are presented in several event centrality intervals and several kinematic regions, for transverse momenta $p_{\mathrm{T}} >$ 6.5 GeV/$c$ and rapidity $| {y} | <$ 2.4, extending down to $p_{\mathrm{T}}=$ 3 GeV/$c$ in the 1.6 $< |{y}| <$ 2.4 range. The ${v_{2}}$ of prompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ is found to be nonzero and constant over the full kinematic range studied, while the measured ${v_{2}}$ of nonprompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ is consistent with zero. The ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$of prompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ exhibits a suppression that increases with centrality but does not vary as a function of either $y$ or $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in the fiducial range. The nonprompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi {R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ shows a suppression which becomes stronger as rapidity or $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ increase. The ${v_{2}}$ and nuclear suppression of open and hidden charm, and of open charm and beauty, are compared

Search for CP violation in tt‾ t\overline{t} production and decay in proton-proton collisions at s=8 \sqrt{s}=8 TeV

The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark ( $t\overline{t}$ ) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{−1}$. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with $t\overline{t}$ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model