High Gradient Superconducting Cavity with Low Surface EM Fields and Well-Suppressed HOMS for the ILC

We present an optimized geometry for a 1.3 GHz superconducting cavity in which the surface electromagnetic fields have been minimized and the bandwidth of the fundamental mode has been maximized. We refer to this design as the New Low Surface Field (NLSF) cavity. Earlier work focused on properties of the fundamental mode. Here we additionally study higher order modes (HOMs), means of damping them, and short range wake fields. A two-band circuit model is employed in order to facilitate rapid characterization of cavity HOMs.Comment: Presented at First International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC'10, Kyoto, Japan, from 23 to 28 May 201

SRF cavity geometry optimization for the ILC with minimized surface e.m. fields and superior bandwidth

The main linacs of the ILC consist of nine-cell cavities based on the TESLA design. In order to facilitate reaching higher gradients we have re-designed the cavity shape. This leads to a reduction, comparable to several current designs, in both the ratio of the surface electric field to the accelerating field (Es/Ea) and the magnetic field to the accelerating field (Bs/Ea). The bandwidth of the accelerating mode is also optimized. This new shape, which we refer to as the New Low Surface Field (NLSF) design, bears comparison with the Ichiro, Re-entrant and LSF designs.Comment: Presented at the 23rd Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC09) Vancouver, Canad

Study of Beam Diagnostics with Trapped Modes in Third Harmonic Superconducting Cavities at FLASH

Off-axis beams passing through an accelerating cavity excite dipole modes among other higher order modes (HOMs). These modes have linear dependence on the transverse beam offset from the cavity axis. Therefore they can be used to monitor the beam position within the cavity. The fifth dipole passband of the third harmonic superconducting cavities at FLASH has modes trapped within each cavity and do not propagate through the adjacent beam pipes, while most other cavity modes do. This could enable the beam position measurement in individual cavities. This paper investigates the possibility to use the fifth dipole band for beam alignment in the third harmonic cavity module. Simulations and measurements both with and without beam-excitations are presented. Various analysis methods are used and compared. A good correlation of HOM signals to the beam position is observed.Comment: 2nd International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '11), San Sebastian, Spain, Sep 4-9, 201

Self-healing fuse

Fast-acting current limiting device provides current overload protection for vulnerable circuit elements and then re-establishes conduction path within milliseconds. Fuse can also perform as fast-acting switch to clear transient circuit overloads. Fuse takes advantage of large increase in electrical resistivity that occurs when liquid metal vaporizes

Bayesian optimization using sequential Monte Carlo

We consider the problem of optimizing a real-valued continuous function $f$ using a Bayesian approach, where the evaluations of $f$ are chosen sequentially by combining prior information about $f$, which is described by a random process model, and past evaluation results. The main difficulty with this approach is to be able to compute the posterior distributions of quantities of interest which are used to choose evaluation points. In this article, we decide to use a Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) approach

Progression of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and arterial stiffness in stable kidney transplant patients: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplant patients suffer from vascular abnormalities and high cardiovascular event rates, despite initial improvements post-transplantation. The nature of the progression of vascular abnormalities in the longer term is unknown. This pilot study investigated changes in vascular abnormalities over time in stable kidney transplant patients long after transplantation. METHODS: Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitroglycerin-mediated dilation, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), ankle-brachial pressure index, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) were assessed in 18 kidney transplant patients and 17 controls at baseline and 3-6 months after. RESULTS: There was no difference in age (51 ± 13 vs. 46 ± 11; P = 0.19), body mass index (26 ± 5 vs. 25 ± 3; P = 0.49), serum cholesterol (4.54 ± 0.96 vs. 5.14 ± 1.13; P = 0.10), systolic blood pressure (BP) (132 ± 12 vs. 126 ± 12; P = 0.13), diastolic BP (82 ± 9 vs. 77 ± 8; P = 0.10), or diabetes status (3 vs. 0; P = 0.08) between transplant patients and controls. No difference existed in vascular markers between patients and controls at baseline. In transplant patients, FMD decreased (- 1.52 ± 2.74; P = 0.03), cf-PWV increased (0.62 ± 1.06; P = 0.03), and CCA-IMT increased (0.35 ± 0.53; P = 0.02). No changes were observed in controls. CONCLUSION: Markers of vascular structure and function worsen in the post-transplant period on long-term follow-up, which may explain the continued high cardiovascular event rates in this population