3,753 research outputs found
Quadrupolar quantum criticality on a fractal
We study the ground state ordering of quadrupolar ordered magnets as a
function of spin dilution probability on the triangular lattice. In sharp
contrast to the ordering of dipolar N\'eel magnets on percolating
clusters, we find that the quadrupolar magnets are quantum disordered at the
percolation threshold, . Further we find that long-range quadrupolar
order is present for all and vanishes first exactly at . Strong
evidence for scaling behavior close to points to an unusual quantum
criticality without fine tuning that arises from an interplay of quantum
fluctuations and randomness
Assessing the quality of a student-generated question repository
We present results from a study that categorizes and assesses the quality of
questions and explanations authored by students, in question repositories
produced as part of the summative assessment in introductory physics courses
over the past two years. Mapping question quality onto the levels in the
cognitive domain of Bloom's taxonomy, we find that students produce questions
of high quality. More than three-quarters of questions fall into categories
beyond simple recall, in contrast to similar studies of student-authored
content in different subject domains. Similarly, the quality of
student-authored explanations for questions was also high, with approximately
60% of all explanations classified as being of high or outstanding quality.
Overall, 75% of questions met combined quality criteria, which we hypothesize
is due in part to the in-class scaffolding activities that we provided for
students ahead of requiring them to author questions.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure
Characterization Of Local And Global Statistics In Three Kinds Of Medical Images, And An Example Of Their Role In A Clinical Judgment
The potential for dietary factors to prevent or treat osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease for which there are no disease-modifying drugs. It is a leading cause of disability in the UK. Increasing age and obesity are both major risk factors for OA and the health and economic burden of this disease will increase in the future. Focusing on compounds from the habitual diet that may prevent the onset or slow the progression of OA is a strategy that has been under-investigated to date. An approach that relies on dietary modification is clearly attractive in terms of risk/benefit and more likely to be implementable at the population level. However, before undertaking a full clinical trial to examine potential efficacy, detailed molecular studies are required in order to optimise the design. This review focuses on potential dietary factors that may reduce the risk or progression of OA, including micronutrients, fatty acids, flavonoids and other phytochemicals. It therefore ignores data coming from classical inflammatory arthritides and nutraceuticals such as glucosamine and chondroitin. In conclusion, diet offers a route by which the health of the joint can be protected and OA incidence or progression decreased. In a chronic disease, with risk factors increasing in the population and with no pharmaceutical cure, an understanding of this will be crucial
A simplified model for minor and major loop magnetic hysteresis and its application for inference of temperature in induction heated particle beds
In this work, a LangArc model is presented that successfully fits both major and minor hysteresis loops of a bed of magnetic particles in real time using instruments that detect changes in the magnetic field strength, such as in-situ pick-up coils. A novel temperature measurement application is demonstrated based on a real-time characterisation of a magnetic material, in this case magnetite, as a function of temperature. Magnetic hysteresis can be used to provide useful induction heating in a packed bed of magnetic materials. This can be used for general heating and to provide energy to chemical reactions in chemical processes. Accurate temperature measurement of magnetic particles under induction heating is a well-known challenge: conventional techniques give a single-point measurement, and are subject to inaccuracy due to self-heating of the instrument tip. Thermal lag can be problematic given the rapid heating rates that are characteristic of induction heating. The LangArc inferred temperature measurement technique is shown to detect heating rates in excess of 30 °C·s−1, under which circumstances an in-bed thermocouple was shown to lag by as much as 180 °C. This new method has significant importance for temperature measurement in applications involving the induction heating of magnetic materials as it avoids the location of an instrument inside the magnetic particle bed and is highly responsive under rapid heating where other techniques can give misleading results.</p
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