Further studies on the antigenic structure of paratyphoid bacilli with special reference to three new species of Salmonella

Three new species of Salmonella are described. 1. S. durban was obtained from an adult native woman suffering from dysentery. The antigenic formula allocated to it was IX-a, enx. 2. S. reading var. kaapstad was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a child suffering from meningitis. Its antigenic structure was found to be IV-eh: 1, 7. 3. Two unrelated organisms were isolated from one of a group of pigs affected with paratyphoid. The one turned out to be S. heidelberg, factors IV, V-r: 1.2, while the other was found to be a new species with the following antigenic structure: XI- k: 1,2. The latter was named S. pretoria. 4. The biochemical reaction of these organisms are given in Table 1.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm

We present the first results of the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment for the positive muon magnetic anomaly $a_\mu \equiv (g_\mu-2)/2$. The anomaly is determined from the precision measurements of two angular frequencies. Intensity variation of high-energy positrons from muon decays directly encodes the difference frequency $\omega_a$ between the spin-precession and cyclotron frequencies for polarized muons in a magnetic storage ring. The storage ring magnetic field is measured using nuclear magnetic resonance probes calibrated in terms of the equivalent proton spin precession frequency ${\tilde{\omega}'^{}_p}$ in a spherical water sample at 34.7$^{\circ}$C. The ratio $\omega_a / {\tilde{\omega}'^{}_p}$, together with known fundamental constants, determines $a_\mu({\rm FNAL}) = 116\,592\,040(54)\times 10^{-11}$ (0.46\,ppm). The result is 3.3 standard deviations greater than the standard model prediction and is in excellent agreement with the previous Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) E821 measurement. After combination with previous measurements of both $\mu^+$ and $\mu^-$, the new experimental average of $a_\mu({\rm Exp}) = 116\,592\,061(41)\times 10^{-11}$ (0.35\,ppm) increases the tension between experiment and theory to 4.2 standard deviationsComment: 10 pages; 4 figure

Island grammar-based parsing using GLL and Tom

Extending a language by embedding within it another language presents significant parsing challenges, especially if the embedding is recursive. The composite grammar is likely to be nondeterministic as a result of tokens that are valid in both the host and the embedded language. In this paper we examine the challenges of embedding the Tom language into a variety of general-purpose high level languages. Tom provides syntax and semantics for advanced pattern matching and tree rewriting facilities. Embedded Tom constructs are translated into the host language by a preprocessor, the output of which is a composite program written purely in the host language. Tom implementations exist for Java, C, C#, Python and Caml. The current parser is complex and difficult to maintain. In this paper, we describe how Tom can be parsed using island grammars implemented with the Generalised LL (GLL) parsing algorithm. The grammar is, as might be expected, ambiguous. Extracting the correct derivation relies on our disambiguation strategy which is based on pattern matching within the parse forest. We describe different classes of ambiguity and propose patterns for resolving them