122,400 research outputs found
Transferring employment between the public and private sectors in the United Kingdom: acquired rights and revising TUPE
This paper analyses the reasons for the United Kingdom's long-delayed response to the European Union’s Acquired Rights Directive. It assesses the British government’s overdue updating of the domestic legislation in 2006 in line with the latest version of the Directive, attributing its dilatory response to a combination of technical legal difficulties and conflicting political objectives. The paper concentrates on the ‘privatisation’ of public services, explaining the most recent protection now available to workers whose jobs are out-sourced to the private or voluntary sector. Member States contemplating reform of their own regulatory regimes may find the British experience instructive.</p
Image tube
An optical image is projected onto a planar surface of a photocathode that derives an electron beam replica of the image. A target electrode displaced relative to the photocathode so that it does not obstruct the optical image includes a planar surface for receiving and deriving an accurate replica of the electron beam image. The two planar surfaces are parallel. The electron beam image is focused on the target electrode by providing throughout a region that extends between the planar surfaces of the photocathode and receiving electrode, constant homogeneous dc electric and magnetic fields. The electric field extends in a direction perpendicular to the planar surfaces while the magnetic field extends along a straight line that intersects the photocathode and target electrode at an acute angle
A magnetically focused image tube employing an opaque photocathode
Image converter has been developed which uses opaque photocathode for improved efficiency. Device is easier to fabricate than previous semi-transparent photocathode converters and uses compounds from Groups 3-5 that are responsive to wave-lengths between ultraviolet (approximately 100 nm) and near infrared region (approximately 1000 nm)
Electron beam compression with electric and magnetic fields
Electron beam compression with electrostatic and magnetostatic field
Revealing the nature of antiferro-quadrupolar ordering in Cerium Hexaboride: CeB
Cerium-hexaboride (CeB) f-electron compound displays a rich array of
low-temperature magnetic phenomena, including `magnetically hidden' order,
identified as multipolar in origin via advanced x-ray scattering. From
first-principles electronic-structure results, we find that the
\emph{antiferro-quadrupolar} (AFQ) ordering in CeB arises from
crystal-field splitting and yields band structure in agreement with
experiments. With interactions of -electrons between Ce and B being
small, the electronic state of CeB is suitably described as
Ce(4)(e)(B). The AFQ state of orbital spins is
caused by an exchange interaction induced through spin-orbit interaction, which
also splits J=5/2 state into ground state and excited
state. Within the smallest antiferromagnetic (111) configuration, an
orbital-ordered AFQ state appears during charge self-consistency, and supports
the appearance of `hidden' order. Hydrostatic pressure (either applied or
chemically induced) stabilizes the AFM (AFQ) states over a ferromagnetic one,
as observed at low temperatures.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Early stages of the oxidation of metal surfaces
Photoemission cross sections were calculated for the ZnO4(-6) cluster using the self consistent-chi alpha- scattered wave theory to display the main features of the ultraviolet and X-ray photoemission data from ZnO. A solid model is suggested for an absolute photoemission intensity comparison resulting in chi alpha intensities which are roughly 70% of the experimental values. Together with the experimental data, the calculations allow a complete determination of the electronic structure of a ZnO surface
A Framework to Manage the Complex Organisation of Collaborating: Its Application to Autonomous Systems
In this paper we present an analysis of the complexities of large group
collaboration and its application to develop detailed requirements for
collaboration schema for Autonomous Systems (AS). These requirements flow from
our development of a framework for collaboration that provides a basis for
designing, supporting and managing complex collaborative systems that can be
applied and tested in various real world settings. We present the concepts of
"collaborative flow" and "working as one" as descriptive expressions of what
good collaborative teamwork can be in such scenarios. The paper considers the
application of the framework within different scenarios and discuses the
utility of the framework in modelling and supporting collaboration in complex
organisational structures
The Yang-Mills Vacuum in Coulomb Gauge in D=2+1 Dimensions
The variational approach to the Hamilton formulation of Yang-Mills theory in
Coulomb gauge developed by the present authors previously is applied to
Yang-Mills theory in 2+1 dimensions and is confronted with the existing lattice
data. We show that the resulting Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE) yield
consistent solutions in 2+1 dimensions only for infrared divergent ghost form
factor and gluon energy. The obtained numerical solutions of the DSE reproduce
the analytic infrared results and are in satisfactory agreement with the
existing lattice date in the whole momentum range.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure
- …