A Site Specific Residential Feasibility Analysis for the West Greenville Business District

In the city of Greenville, South Carolina, a significant concentration of artists, studios, and galleries has recently developed on the western edge of the city limits, approximately a mile and half from the Central Business District. This art district, known by many different names (i.e. Pendleton Street Arts District, Far West End, etc.) will be referred to within this study as the West Greenville Business District. Located next to an old mill, many of these studios and galleries are in renovated commercial buildings that had formerly served the mill workers. The commercial district and its surrounding neighborhood is approximately 493 acres

Petrography Photomicrographs

This web site includes almost 200 photomicrographs of rocks and minerals. The thin sections are all in transmitted white light, some in plane polarized light, but most with crossed polarizers on. The majority of the pictures show a field of view 1.5 mm long (about 80X magnification). Other magnifications are indicated where different. The thin sections are categorized into minerals, igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, and textures. Each thin section has a caption explaining the sample either by optical properties, occurrence, or other features. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html Educational levels: Graduate or professional, Undergraduate lower division, Undergraduate upper division

Petrography: Minerals in Thinsection (title provided or enhanced by cataloger)

This web site includes almost 200 photomicrographs of rocks and minerals. All photographs are of thin sections ground to .03 mm thickness, in transmitted white light. Some show the appearance of minerals in plane polarized light, but most were taken with crossed polarizers on a petrographic microscope, better to illustrate mineral properties and rock textures. The majority of the pictures show a field of view 1.5 mm long (about 80X magnificaiton); other magnifications are indicated where different. Educational levels: Undergraduate lower division, Undergraduate upper division

Implementing TMB measurement in clinical practice: considerations on assay requirements

International audienceClinical evidence demonstrates that treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy agents can have considerable benefit across multiple tumours. However, there is a need for the development of predictive biomarkers that identify patients who are most likely to respond to immunotherapy. Comprehensive characterisation of tumours using genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic approaches continues to lead the way in advancing precision medicine. Genetic correlates of response to therapy have been known for some time, but recent clinical evidence has strengthened the significance of high tumour mutational burden (TMB) as a biomarker of response and hence a rational target for immunotherapy. Concordantly, immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed clinical practice for lung cancer and melanoma, which are tumour types with some of the highest mutational burdens. TMB is an implementable approach for molecular biology and/or pathology laboratories that provides a quantitative measure of the total number of mutations in tumour tissue of patients and can be assessed by whole genome, whole exome, or large targeted gene panel sequencing of biopsied material. Currently, TMB assessment is not standardised across research and clinical studies. As a biomarker that affects treatment decisions, it is essential to unify TMB assessment approaches to allow for reliable, comparable results across studies. When implementing TMB measurement assays, it is important to consider factors that may impact the method workflow, the results of the assay, and the interpretation of the data. Such factors include biopsy sample type, sample quality and quantity, genome coverage, sequencing platform, bioinformatic pipeline, and the definitions of the final threshold that determines high TMB. This review outlines the factors for adoption of TMB measurement into clinical practice, providing an understanding of TMB assay considerations throughout the sample journey, and suggests principles to effectively implement TMB assays in a clinical setting to aid and optimise treatment decisions

X Chromosome–Inactivation Patterns of 1,005 Phenotypically Unaffected Females

X-chromosome inactivation is widely believed to be random in early female development and to result in a mosaic distribution of cells, approximately half with the paternally derived X chromosome inactive and half with the maternally derived X chromosome inactive. Significant departures from such a random pattern are hallmarks of a variety of clinical states, including being carriers for severe X-linked diseases or X-chromosome cytogenetic abnormalities. To evaluate the significance of skewed patterns of X inactivation, we examined patterns of X inactivation in a population of >1,000 phenotypically unaffected females. The data demonstrate that only a very small proportion of unaffected females show significantly skewed inactivation, especially during the neonatal period. By comparison with this data set, the degree of skewed inactivation in a given individual can now be quantified and evaluated for its potential clinical significance