Towards Implementing Upper Limb Spasticity Simulator(ULSS) in Medical Education; An Integrative Literature Review and Methodology

Simulation is widely used in Medical Education as a teaching and learning method. The purpose of this paper is to discover the implication of the simulator into clinical trainee behaviour, medical education, and patient safety. At the other hand, a methodology of quantitative research design towards implementing Upper Limb Spasticity Simulator (ULSS) named BITA1.0 is discussed. The Descriptive Quantitative Research design is focused on formative clinical assessment with students of Master in Rehabilitation, Universiti Teknologi MARA as subjects with pre and post-response test. With the intention of implementing BITA1.0 into medical education, the result from The Descriptive Quantitative Research is essential. Keywords: simulation; spasticity; upper limb; medical education eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.255

Electromyography (EMG) for assessment in low back pain; erector spinae muscle

The purpose of electromyography (EMG) study is to identify which position of surface EMG sensor attached to erector spinae muscle related with lower back pain by squat and stoop lifting technique. This is to avoid lower back pain (LBP) occur during Manual Materials Handling (MMH). There are only one types of upper extremity muscle were chosen to be monitored in this study which is erector spinae (ES) muscle with different electrodes placement on the surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor. However, each of the lifting styles come out with the different reading of root mean square (RMS) frequency for each muscle chosen. In this study, the two subjects consist of two females with normal body mass index (BMI) range from 18.5 to 24.9 with same physical measurement, was selected in order to perform both styles of lifting which are squatting and stooping. For every session the subject will undertake 15 repetitions with 15 minutes rest in between for each movement. In furtherance of to get the analysis muscle activity, proEMG software is used. The results of study for subject female 1 showed that the squat technique had higher levels of muscle activation compared to stoop technique on left erector spinae (LES) muscle. However, the LES muscle activation for subject 2 is greater at stoop activity. On the contrary, squat technique had lower fatigue analysis compared to stoop technique for both subjects on LES muscle. Conclusion, squat technique is better than stoop technique but stoop lift is more natural and spontaneously used for MMH

Amalan kreativiti pengajaran guru pendidikan Islam di sekolah-sekolah negeri Johor

Kajian dijalankan berkaitan amalan kreativiti pengajaran guru Pendidikan Islam sekolahsekolah menengah Negeri Johor. Ianya bertujuan mengetahui sejauh mana tahap kefahaman kreativiti, tahap kreativiti pengajaran guru Pendidikan Islam dan pengajaran dominan guru Pendidikan Islam di sekolah-sekolah. Kaedah kajian secara kuantitatif menggunakan instrumen soal selidik dengan dua bentuk kaedah. Pertama, soal selidik ditadbir oleh responden dan kedua tinjauan pengajaran guru menggunakan instrumen soal selidik yang berjustifikasi jawapan terhadap 31 orang guru Pendidikan Islam yang mengajar di Tingkatan Dua sebanyak tiga kali seorang. Pembinaan instrumen dan kajian rintis telah mendapat pengesahan pakar untuk kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan item. Data diperolehi serta dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian komputer Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) Versi 20.0. Hasil kajian mendapati guru Pendidikan Islam mempunyai tahap kefahaman kreativiti dan tahap kreativiti pengajaran yang sederhana baik dari segi praktikal dalam bilik darjah. Oleh itu, kajian ini menghasilkan satu model kreativiti pengajaran guru Pendidikan Islam untuk sesi pengajaran dan pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah di Malaysia