Discovery of drug-omics associations in type 2 diabetes with generative deep-learning models.

The application of multiple omics technologies in biomedical cohorts has the potential to reveal patient-level disease characteristics and individualized response to treatment. However, the scale and heterogeneous nature of multi-modal data makes integration and inference a non-trivial task. We developed a deep-learning-based framework, multi-omics variational autoencoders (MOVE), to integrate such data and applied it to a cohort of 789 people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with deep multi-omics phenotyping from the DIRECT consortium. Using in silico perturbations, we identified drug-omics associations across the multi-modal datasets for the 20 most prevalent drugs given to people with type 2 diabetes with substantially higher sensitivity than univariate statistical tests. From these, we among others, identified novel associations between metformin and the gut microbiota as well as opposite molecular responses for the two statins, simvastatin and atorvastatin. We used the associations to quantify drug-drug similarities, assess the degree of polypharmacy and conclude that drug effects are distributed across the multi-omics modalities. [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s).

"They want the Child Protection Service completely removed" A study of causes of mistrust in the Norwegian Child Protection Service

This study examines what underlies critical attitudes towards the Norwegian child protection service (CPS) by using quantitative methods and survey data. The CPS`s mandate is to ensure that children in Norway who live under conditions that can harm their health and development get necessary help and care at the right time. The overall research question is: What can explain the lack of trust in the child protection service? Previous research on child welfare indicates that several socio-economic markers are correlated with being critical of the CPS such as low-education, low income, being a man, or an immigrant. These social groups also have low institutional trust more generally. My question is whether particular political, moral, or value-based attitudes are prevalent among those who are critical of child welfare. This is investigated though a survey with the Norwegian Citizen Panel. First and foremost, my findings indicate that there is a relatively high level of trust in child welfare in Norway. Those who are critical of the CPS have the socio-economic markers that are usually correlated with low institutional trust. Furthermore, some political and ideological markers have a significant effect. If I divide those who are critical to into two groups - those who think the CPS is too eager to take the kids away from their families, and those who think the CPS is too hesitant, the first group is clearly different from the second, and from the population generally. Those who agree with the statement that the CPS acts too fast, have some attributes in common, such as they often are men, low educated and vote at either the progress party, the agricultural party, or the communist party, while those who believe that the CPS is acting too late is more similar to the normal population. Furthermore, I find, to my surprise that that one in five responds agree strongly or somewhat with the statement that “the CPS and the private actors who run the foster home service, have a financial interest in separating children from the family”. This statement is somewhat ambiguous and to probe what this answer entails; it is tested again with data from Norstat. An experiment examines the original wording against a new wording omitting the private actors running the foster home services. Analyzes of these data find a small difference. Many still believe that the CPC makes decisions based on financial self-interest and not the child's best interests. I also test how bad or good media coverage affect trust in CPS and find that bad coverage does not affect trust in this study, but good coverage makes the respond trust CPS more.MasteroppgaveSAMPOL350MASV-SAP

«Barnevernet vil de ha fullstendig fjernet» En studie av årsaker til mistillit til barnevernet

This study examines what underlies critical attitudes towards the Norwegian child protection service (CPS) by using quantitative methods and survey data. The CPS`s mandate is to ensure that children in Norway who live under conditions that can harm their health and development get necessary help and care at the right time. The overall research question is: What can explain the lack of trust in the child protection service? Previous research on child welfare indicates that several socio-economic markers are correlated with being critical of the CPS such as low-education, low income, being a man, or an immigrant. These social groups also have low institutional trust more generally. My question is whether particular political, moral, or value-based attitudes are prevalent among those who are critical of child welfare. This is investigated though a survey with the Norwegian Citizen Panel. First and foremost, my findings indicate that there is a relatively high level of trust in child welfare in Norway. Those who are critical of the CPS have the socio-economic markers that are usually correlated with low institutional trust. Furthermore, some political and ideological markers have a significant effect. If I divide those who are critical to into two groups - those who think the CPS is too eager to take the kids away from their families, and those who think the CPS is too hesitant, the first group is clearly different from the second, and from the population generally. Those who agree with the statement that the CPS acts too fast, have some attributes in common, such as they often are men, low educated and vote at either the progress party, the agricultural party, or the communist party, while those who believe that the CPS is acting too late is more similar to the normal population. Furthermore, I find, to my surprise that that one in five responds agree strongly or somewhat with the statement that “the CPS and the private actors who run the foster home service, have a financial interest in separating children from the family”. This statement is somewhat ambiguous and to probe what this answer entails; it is tested again with data from Norstat. An experiment examines the original wording against a new wording omitting the private actors running the foster home services. Analyzes of these data find a small difference. Many still believe that the CPC makes decisions based on financial self-interest and not the child's best interests. I also test how bad or good media coverage affect trust in CPS and find that bad coverage does not affect trust in this study, but good coverage makes the respond trust CPS more