4,303 research outputs found
Topological phases in gapped edges of fractionalized systems
Recently, it has been proposed that exotic one-dimensional phases can be
realized by gapping out the edge states of a fractional topological insulator.
The low-energy edge degrees of freedom are described by a chain of coupled
parafermions. We introduce a classification scheme for the phases that can
occur in parafermionic chains. We find that the parafermions support both
topological symmetry fractionalized phases as well as phases in which the
parafermions condense. In the presence of additional symmetries, the phases
form a non-Abelian group. As a concrete example of the classification, we
consider the effective edge model for a fractional topological
insulator for which we calculate the entanglement spectra numerically and show
that all possible predicted phases can be realized.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, final versio
Reply to Israel Carmi (2002): “Are the 14C Dates of the Dead Sea Scrolls Affected by Castor Oil Contamination?”
The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202
Evolution of YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 insertases: three independent gene duplications followed by functional specialization in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts
Members of the YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 protein family facilitate the insertion, folding and assembly of proteins of the inner membranes of bacteria and mitochondria and the thylakoid membrane of plastids. All homologs share a conserved hydrophobic core region comprising five transmembrane domains. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, six subgroups of the family can be distinguished which presumably arose from three independent gene duplications followed by functional specialization. During evolution of bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts, subgroup-specific regions were added to the core domain to facilitate the association with ribosomes or other components contributing to the substrate spectrum of YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 proteins
Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Spin Chain of a Few Cold Atoms in a One-Dimensional Trap
We report on the deterministic preparation of antiferromagnetic Heisenberg
spin chains consisting of up to four fermionic atoms in a one-dimensional trap.
These chains are stabilized by strong repulsive interactions between the two
spin components without the need for an external periodic potential. We
independently characterize the spin configuration of the chains by measuring
the spin orientation of the outermost particle in the trap and by projecting
the spatial wave function of one spin component on single-particle trap levels.
Our results are in good agreement with a spin-chain model for fermionized
particles and with numerically exact diagonalizations of the full few-fermion
system
Pharmacokinetic analysis after implantation of everolimus-eluting self-expanding stents in the peripheral vasculature
Background: A novel self-expanding drug-eluting stent was designed to release everolimus 225 mu g/cm(2) to prevent restenosis following peripheral arterial intervention. The purpose of this study was to measure the pharmacokinetic profile of everolimus following stent implantation.
Methods: One hundred four patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease underwent implantation of everolimus-eluting stents in the femoropopliteal arteries. In a prespecified subset of 26 patients, blood samples for assay of everolimus content were collected prior to stent implantation, at 1, 4, and 8 hours postprocedure, prior to discharge, and at 1 month postproccdure.
Results: A total of 39 stents, ranging from 28 mm to 100 mm in length, were implanted in 26 patients, resulting in a total delivered everolimus dose range of 3.0 to 7.6 mg. Following the procedure, the maximum observed everolimus blood concentrations (C-max) varied from 1.83 +/- 0.05 ng/mL after implantation of a single 80-mm stent to 4.66 +/- 1.78 ng/mL after implantation of two 100-mm stents. The mean time to peak concentration (T-max) varied from 6.8 hours to 35 hours. The pharmacokinetics of everolimus were dose-proportional in that dose-normalized C-max and area under the curve values were constant over the studied dose range.
Conclusions: After implantation of everolimus-eluting self-expanding stents in the femoropopliteal arteries, systemic blood concentrations of everolimus are predictable and considerably lower than blood concentrations observed following safe oral administration of everolimus
Towards Cross-Provider Analysis of Transparency Information for Data Protection
Transparency and accountability are indispensable principles for modern data
protection, from both, legal and technical viewpoints. Regulations such as the
GDPR, therefore, require specific transparency information to be provided
including, e.g., purpose specifications, storage periods, or legal bases for
personal data processing. However, it has repeatedly been shown that all too
often, this information is practically hidden in legalese privacy policies,
hindering data subjects from exercising their rights. This paper presents a
novel approach to enable large-scale transparency information analysis across
service providers, leveraging machine-readable formats and graph data science
methods. More specifically, we propose a general approach for building a
transparency analysis platform (TAP) that is used to identify data transfers
empirically, provide evidence-based analyses of sharing clusters of more than
70 real-world data controllers, or even to simulate network dynamics using
synthetic transparency information for large-scale data-sharing scenarios. We
provide the general approach for advanced transparency information analysis, an
open source architecture and implementation in the form of a queryable analysis
platform, and versatile analysis examples. These contributions pave the way for
more transparent data processing for data subjects, and evidence-based
enforcement processes for data protection authorities. Future work can build
upon our contributions to gain more insights into so-far hidden data-sharing
practices.Comment: technical repor
Effect of remobinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on leukopenia in AIDS
Infrared spectroscopy of bilberry extract water-in-oil emulsions: Sensing the Water-Oil Interface
Water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions are of great interest in many areas of the life sciences, including food technology, bioprocess engineering, and pharmaceuticals. Such emulsions are complex multi-component systems and the molecular mechanisms which lead to a stable emulsion are yet to be fully understood. In this work, attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared (IR) spectroscopy is applied to a series of w/o emulsions of an aqueous anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract dispersed in a medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oil phase. The content of the emulsifier polyglycerin-polyricinoleat (PGPR) has been varied systematically in order to investigate whether or not its concentration has an impact on the molecular stabilization mechanisms. The molecular stabilization is accessed by a careful analysis of the IR spectrum, where changes in the vibrational frequencies and signal strengths indicate alterations of the molecular environment at the water/oil interface. The results suggest that adding emulsifier in excess of 1% by weight does not lead to an enhanced stabilization of the emulsion
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