Destroyed quantum Hall effect in graphene with [0001] tilt grain boundaries

The reason why the half-integer quantum Hall effect (QHE) is suppressed in graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is unclear. We propose that it might be connected to extended defects in the material and present results for the quantum Hall effect in graphene with [0001] tilt grain boundaries connecting opposite sides of Hall bar devices. Such grain boundaries contain 5-7 ring complexes that host defect states that hybridize to form bands with varying degree of metallicity depending on grain boundary defect density. In a magnetic field, edge states on opposite sides of the Hall bar can be connected by the defect states along the grain boundary. This destroys Hall resistance quantization and leads to non-zero longitudinal resistance. Anderson disorder can partly recover quantization, where current instead flows along returning paths along the grain boundary depending on defect density in the grain boundary and on disorder strength. Since grain sizes in graphene made by chemical vapor deposition are usually small, this may help explain why the quantum Hall effect is usually poorly developed in devices made of this material.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Consumer Benefits of Labels and Bans on GMO Foods: An Emprical Analysis Using Choice Experiments

Applying a choice experiment on the choice of consumer goods we show that Swedish consumers do not regard GMO food as being equivalent to conventional food. A central argument by proponents of GMO is that the end products are identical to those where GMO has not been used. That respondents in our survey disagree with this argument is supported by two observations. First, a positive significant WTP is found for a mandatory labeling policy. This result confirms previous observations that GMO food can be a credence good causing a market failure. Second, consumers are also willing to pay a significantly higher product price to ensure a total ban on the use of GMO in animal fodder. Even if scientists and politicians argue that most of today’s GMO food is indistinguishable from GMO free food, the consumers disagree.

Consumer benefits of labels and bans on genetically modified food - An empirical analysis using Choice Experiments

Applying an experiment on the choice of consumer goods, we show that Swedish consumers do not regard genetically modified (GM) food as being equivalent to conventional food. A central argument by proponents of GM is that the end products are identical to those where GM has not been used. That respondents in our survey disagree with this argument is supported by two observations. First, a positive significant WTP is found for a mandatory labeling policy. This result confirms previous observations that GM food can be a credence good causing a market failure. Second, consumers are also willing to pay a significantly higher product price to ensure a total ban on the use of GM in animal fodder. Even if scientists and politicians argue that most of today's GM food is indistinguishable from GM-free food, consumers disagree.Institutional and Behavioral Economics,

Beiträge zur mittelägyptischen Syntax. V. Sätze mit (festem) Verbum in der Suffixkonjugation oder im Imperativ

Ett ärendehanteringssystem är ett komplett system vars mål är att effektivisera och koordinera processer av olika slag. Ett exempel på ärendehantering är försäkringsbolag som använder sig av detta för att snabba upp och kontrollera processen för hantering av skadeärenden. I ett ärendehanteringssystem finns en ärendehanteringsmotor som sköter flödet av ärenden, vilket bland annat innebär ansvar för att ärenden hamnar hos rätt person. Examensarbetets syfte är att utveckla en liten och enkel ärendehanteringsmotor, som ändå är generell nog att fungera i olika kontexter. Ärendehanteringsmotorn levereras i form av en komponent färdig att användas vid utvecklandet av ärendehanteringssystem. Genom att återanvända komponenten och endast behöva anpassa den till det nya systemet är tanken att mycket tid sparas vid utvecklandet. Rapporten behandlar utvecklingsprocessen från identifiering av ärendehanteringsmotorns roll och kravanalys till beslut angående arkitekturen. Alternativa lösningar och framtida utvecklingsmöjligheter har diskuterats. Resultatet blev en färdig ärendehanteringsmotor som uppfyller de grundläggande krav som ställdes på komponenten

From Apprenticeship Genres to Academic Literacy: Problematising Students’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of Communication Activities in an ICL Environment

Comparatively little research has been done on students’ perceptions of communication and communication activities in integrated content and language (ICL) environments. In the present study, student statements about communication and communication activities have been collected via interviews and surveys from students attending a mechanical engineering programme in Sweden. These statements are compared with statements from content teachers at the same programme. Results suggest that students and teachers share a common perspective that communication activities should address a couple of apprenticeship genres that students will use in their future professions. Consequently, there seem to be good reasons for identifying and practising the use of apprenticeship genres. However, the focus on a few genres is problematised as some students show frustration when encountering unfamiliar genres. The article therefore also discusses the potential need for a role where communication teachers facilitate communication activities such that students enhance their perceptions of communication and communication activities in order to better prepare themselves for addressing various types of communicative situations

Talking about Writing – Designing and Establishing Writing Feedback and Tutorials to Promote Student Engagement and Learning

This article describes different feedback designs that have been developed at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. These feedback activities are part of courses and programmes that faculty at the Department of Communication and Learning in Science, Division for Language and Communication, are involved in. The feedback setup has evolved from many years of designing and delivering writing instruction within STEM education, grounded in the challenge to make feedback a meaningful learning experience for all students and improve students’ understanding of disciplinary academic writing. The feedback designs described are based on dialogue to provide feedback and as a means for students to verbalize their own understanding of text, textual features and how discipline specific content is communicated. Examples of setups are large class active feedback lectures, scaffolded peer response sessions, and guided feedback workshops. These feedback activities are explored, and we argue for how they, potentially, result in more (useful) feedback and feedforward compared to traditional written teacher-student feedback

Background report on evaluation of thresholds for exemptions under Article 14(6) of the Energy Efficiency Directive

Article 14 (6) of the Energy Efficiency Directive allows Member States to exempt certain installations from the requirements of conducting a cost-benefit analysis of individual installations as stated by Article 14 (5). This report compares MS notifications on exemptions concerning laying down thresholds with general benchmark thresholds and with thresholds estimated through a general techno-economic model. Finally, this report provides recommendations how the exemptions thresholds ought to be defined, in order not to a priori exclude feasible heat linking options.JRC.C.7-Knowledge for the Energy Unio

Breakdown of adiabatic invariance in spherical tokamaks

Thermal ions in spherical tokamaks have two adiabatic invariants: the magnetic moment and the longitudinal invariant. For hot ions, variations in magnetic-field strength over a gyro period can become sufficiently large to cause breakdown of the adiabatic invariance. The magnetic moment is more sensitive to perturbations than the longitudinal invariant and there exists an intermediate regime, super-adiabaticity, where the longitudinal invariant remains adiabatic, but the magnetic moment does not. The motion of super-adiabatic ions remains integrable and confinement is thus preserved. However, above a threshold energy, the longitudinal invariant becomes non-adiabatic too, and confinement is lost as the motion becomes chaotic. We predict beam ions in present-day spherical tokamaks to be super-adiabatic but fusion alphas in proposed burning-plasma spherical tokamaks to be non-adiabatic.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure