Merancang Sejarah yang Multikulturalis dalam Kurikulum 2004

After the crisis of 1998, which was followed by a periode labeled as ‘reformasi', Indonesia having entered a transitional phase from authoritarianrule toward a new democratic system. In transitional phase emerged outbursts of ethnic and religious violences in various regions of the archipelago.This articles tries to analyze multicultural studies in a period of the new order. In education perspective, the outbursts of ethnic and religious violences after ‘reformasi', showed that the new order was failure to make harmony by created the instruction of religious, civic skill, and military instructional as labeled ‘kewiraan'. Recently time, history, could be formulated to be multicultural studies. The curriculum of historyhave been modified and transformed to the multicultural studies by used the burhani technical system. The burhani technical system usually used to analyze religious texts. The themes of curriculum history, and then modify, to produce the themes of multicultural studies by consider the social sciences (sociology, politics, and economics) and humanity sciences (anthropology and religion)

Pengembangan Modul Penerjemahan Teks Bahasa Inggris melalui Metode Communicative Translation di Universitas PGRI Madiun

Penerjemahan merupakan proses penyampaian makna bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran yakni bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Penerjemah yang baik yaitu penerjemah yang memiliki kompetensi kedua bahasa baik bahasa sumber maupun sasaran, pengetahuan mengenai bidang ilmu yang diterjemahkan serta mengetahui metode yang tepat untuk menerjemahkan sebuah teks. Pengamatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di semester VI menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menerjemahkan teks masih rendah serta adanya ketidakmampuan mahasiswa dalam memadankan struktur bahasa sumber dengan bahasa sasaran. Juga kurangnya kompetensi mahasiswa dalam menerjemahkan sebuah teks yaitu kompetensi bahasa dan kompetensi tesktual. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan modul penerjemahkan dengan metode communicative translation untuk mahasiswa semester VI Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas PGRI Madiun. Communicative translation merupakan penerjemahan yang berusaha menyampaikan makna kontekstual bahasa sumber sedemikian rupa sehingga isi dan bahasanya dapat dipahami oleh pembaca bahasa sasaran. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Borg and Gall yang telah disederhanakan menjadi 3 langkah yaitu pendahuluan, pengembangan dan penilaian. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan mengacu pada model ADDIE yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan data awal sebagai dasar mengembangkan sebuah produk berupa modul. Tahap pengembangan dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu validasi ahli dan uji coba produk. Validasi ahli meliputi ahli materi dan ahli media. Uji coba produk diantaranya adalah uji coba kelompok kecil yaitu 10 mahasiswa sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan 10 mahasiswa sebagai kelompok kontrol serta uji coba lapangan. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini melalui uji kelayakan serta uji keefektifan sebuah produk. Pada tahap implementasi produk dilakukan tes untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kompetensi mahasiswa dalam menerjemahkan sebuah teks. Hasil pengembangan berupa modul penerjemahan yang memuat latihan-latihan menerjemahkan sebuah teks bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia

Relationship Between Motivation, Competence, Workload, and Nurse Performance, at Dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Hospital, Wonogiri, Indonesia

Background: Health worker performance is one of the key elements that determine the quality of hospital service. Health worker performance therefore is the target forimprovement. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between motivation, competence, workload of nurses, and nurse performance.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Hospital, Wonogiri, Indonesia. A total of 50 nurses was sampled for this study.The independent variables consisted of motivation, competence, and workload. The dependent variable was performance of nurse. The data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by multiple linear regression model.Results: This study did not find relationship between motivation and performance of nurse (b = 0.02; 95% CI=-0.19 to 0.24; p= 0.823). Similarly there was no relationship workload and perfor­mance of nurse (b=0.05; 95% CI= -0.15 to 0.26; p = 0.607). There was a positive and statististically significant relationship between competence and performance of nurse (b = 1.10; 95% CI= 1.75 to 0.46; p= 0.001).Conclusion: There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between competence and performance of nurse.Keywords: motivation, competence, workload, performance, nurseCorrespondence: Agus Sutarto. dr. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Hospital, Wonogiri, East Java. Email: [email protected] of Health Policy and Management (2016), 1(2): 78-94https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2016.01.02.0

Pengembangan Modul Berbasis Portofolio dengan Model Enrichment untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Berpikir

Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran Matematika di Indonesia adalah agar peserta didik memperoleh berbagai bekal dalam menghadapi tantangan di era global. Oleh karena itu, kemampuan pemahaman dan penalaran ditekankan dalam perkembangan proses berpikir. Bahan ajar tentunya diperlukan untuk menjembatani materi agar tersampaikan ke peserta didik dengan tepat sesuai tujuan pembelajaran.Oleh karena itu, bahan ajar yang tepat diperlukan dalam pembelajaran Matematika, salah satunya adalah modul portofolio berbasis Enrichment. Tujuan penelitian ini memuat tiga persoalan. Tujuan pertama adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi pembelajaran Matematika di SMP Negeri Surakarta saat ini. Tujuan kedua adalah untuk mengetahui pengembangan modul pembelajaran portofolio dengan model Enrichment untuk meningkatkan kreativitas berpikir. Tujuan ketiga adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan modul pembelajaran portofolio dengan model Enrichment dapat meningkatkan kreativitas berpikir.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan.Instrumen yang digunakan dalam peneitian ini adalah lembar penilaian ahli materi, bahasa dan media terhadap bahan ajar, angket tanggapan siswa dan tes hasil belajar. Setelah bahan ajar dibuat selanjutnya divalidasi oleh tim ahli. Validasi dilakukan oleh dua ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan ahli desain. Setelah media divalidasi dan direvisi, maka selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba pengguna yaitu pada uji coba kelompok kecil dan kelompok besar. Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba tersebut, bahan ajar kembali direvisi jika kembali ditemukan kelemahan. Selanjutnya dilakukan tahap implementasi bahan ajar pada siswa kelas IXdi salah satu SMP Kota Surakarta

Community Participation in Sanitation Kampung Program, Surakarta

Background: Indonesia ranks third in the world in the number of people with limited access to sanitation. Surakarta municipality government in collaboration with local drinking water supplier (PDAM) operate Indonesian Urban Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (IUWASH) to overcome sanitation problems in the form of Sanitation Kampung Program in Semanggi Village, Surakarta. This study aimed to review community participation in Sanitation Kampung Program, Semanggi Village.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at RW 23, Semanggi Village, Pasar Kliwon subdistrict, Surakarta, Central Java. Informants were selected purposively for this study comprising 12 community members as key informants, 2 community leaders, head of Sanitation Kampung Program, and 1 environmental health expert as supporting informants, The data were collected by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, and document review. Data credibility was checked by triangulation. The data were analyzed by content analysis. Results: At the beginning of Sanitation Kampung Program planning there were some pros and cons from the community. Some of the community accepted the program but some others refused it due to negative perception that Sanitation Kampung Program would cause bad smell and pollute well water. In order to overcome community refusal toward Sanitation Kampung Program, IUWASH, Surakarta municipality government, and community leaders, carried out socialization, community approach, and study tour to other places. In the end, the community accepted Sanitation Kampung Program. Community members participated the program by providing support for water and sanitation facility development. Community members made use of the water and sanitation facility for daily activities. They also maintained the water and sanitation facility.Conclusion: By developing good and trustable collaboration, community participate in Sanitation Kampung Program from planning, developing, using, and maintenance of the water and sanitation facility.Keywords: water, sanitation, community, participation, programCorrespondence: Anak Agung Alit Kirti Estuti Narendra Putri. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285643231616.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(3): 257-271https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.0

Association Between Cigarette Advertisement, Peer Group, Parental Education, Family Income, and Pocket Money with Smoking Behavior Among Adolescents in Karanganyar District, Central Java

Background: Adolescents are susceptible to positive and negative influences from the social environment. One of the negative influences is smoking behavior. Smoking in adolescents can have deleterous effect on health and academic achievement. This study aimed to determine the association between cigarette advertisement, peer group, parental education, family income, and pocket money on smoking behavior among adolescents.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using cross-sectional design. This study was carried out in Colomadu Sub district, Karanganyar District, Central Java. A sample of 100 teenagers was selected for this study. The dependent variable was smoking behavior. The independent variables were exposure to cigarette advertisement, peer group, parental education, family income, and pocket money. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire. The data were analyzed by logistic regression.Results: Smoking behavior in adolescents was associated with exposure to cigarette advertisement (OR=22.58; 95% CI =2.42 to 210.69; p=0.006), peer group (OR=44.00; 95% CI =3.99 to 485.33; p=0.002), parental education (OR= 36.92; 95% CI =3.12 to 427.81; p=0.004), family income (OR=0.09; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.97; p=0.047), and pocket money (OR=10.56; 95% CI=1.22 to 91.56; p=0.032).Conclusion: Smoking behavior in adolescents was associated with exposure to cigerrete advertisement, peer group, parental education, family income, and pocket money.Keywords: cigarette advertisement, peer group, parental education, family income, pocket moneyCorrespondence: Windiarti Dwi Purnaningrum. Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health, Surakarta. Email: [email protected]. Phone: +628562995373.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(2): 148-158https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.02.0

Effects of Oxytocin Massage on Labor Duration and Uterine Involution at Independent Midwivery Practice Sri Hastuti Surabaya

BACKGROUND: Prolonged labor may cause poor infant clinical condition. Lengthening uterine involution may cause postpartum hemorrhage. Oxytocin is a hormone secreted by the neurons of the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary in mammals. Theoretically, oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle by increasing the sodium permeability of uterine myofibrils. High estrogen concentrations lower the threshold for uterine response to oxytocin. Uterine response to oxytocin increases with the duration of pregnancy. This study aimed to determine effect of oxytocin massage on labor duration and uterine involution. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This was an experimental study, using post test only design with a control group. It was conducted at Independent Midwivery Practice (BPM) Sri Hastutik, Surabaya, East Java. A sample of 32 pregnant mothers was monitored during the delivery and post partum processes. The dependent variables were phase I labor duration and uterine involution. The independent variable was oxytocin massage. The data was analyzed by McNemar test. RESULTS: Pregnant mothers who received intra-partum oxytocin massage were 6.60 times more likely to have rapid labor than those who did not receive oxytocin massage (OR=6.60; 95%CI= 1.40 to 31.05; p=0.013). Pregnant mothers who received intra-partum oxytocin massage were 9.53 times more likely to have rapid uterine involution than those who did not receive oxytocin massage (OR=9.53; 95%CI= 1.85 to 49.20; p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Oxytocin massage is effective to shorten labor duration and uterine involution. Keywords: oxytocin massage, phase I labor duration, uterine involutio

A Qualitative Study on the Patient Safety Management at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara

Background: Patient safety is an important element of an effective, efficient health care system where quality prevails. Patient safety is a crucial issue and a focus of policy standard in internationally accredited organizations. The specific committee responsible for quality improvement in patient safety is the committee for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety. Incidence of malpractice often occurs but are not reported. It indicates that the committee has not worked according to required accreditation standard. This study aimed to analyze patient safety management with the committee for quality improvement and patient safety at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach. Nine study participants were selected purposively, consisting of 3 committee members (chair person, secretary, and patient safety sub-committee), 3 chiefs of ward (pediatrics, internal medicine, and surgery), and 4 nurses or midwives (pediatrics, surgery, ICU/ ICCU, and obstetrics). Results: The Quality Improvement and Patient Safety committee has been established at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara to meet the requirement of hospital accreditation standard. It aimed to improve the quality of services and to assure patient safety. However, its work has not meet the required standard. The lack of knowledge among involving parties, including hospital management, Quality Improvement and Patient Safety committee member, medical professionals was identified as one important obstacle for the implementation of patient safety management. This has led to the incidence of malpractice at the hospital, sub-standard quality of services and patient safety. Conclusion: The Quality Improvement and Patient Safety committee has been established at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara. However, their work have not meet the required standard. The lack of knowledge among involving parties, including hospital management, Quality Improvement and Patient Safety committee, and health professional, has led to the incidence of malpractice at the hospital, sub-standard quality of services and patient safety.It’s important to remember that most hospital errors can be prevented. Hospitals need to work hard every day to protect their patients from errors, injuries, accidents, and infections. Keywords: quality improvement, patient safety management, committe

Implementation Analysis of Early Detection and Intervention Program for Growth and Development of Children Under Five at Tegal Health Centers

Background: The first five years of life is often considered as golden period, critical period, or window opportunity. During this period there is maximal growth and development. Early Detection and Intervention Program for Growth and Development of Children Under Five (SDIDTK) is a program that aims to do early detection and intervention when there is an impairment in growth and development in children under five or pre-school children. Early detection allows early intervention. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of early detection and intervention program for growth and development of children under five.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with case study approach, conducted in Tegal Health Centers, Tegal, Central Java. Nineteen key informants were selected purposely for this study, including health center midwife, midwife who were in charge of coordinating child and adolescents affair, head of the health center, head of Children and Adolescents Division at District Health Office Tegal, and mothers who had children with growth disorder.Results: SDIDTK has been implemented since 2010. The communication aspect has not been implemented consistently. There was a lack in resources, including personnel, equipment, and infrastructure. The attitude of the program implementer was not positive, because they considered that program was not effective. Guideline book and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) were available. Growth examination activities were sufficient, but development examination activities were lacking. The reporting system was not sufficiently implemented.Conclusion: SDIDTK program was not been implemented optimally in Tegal. It is sugested to enhance the motivation of the program implementer and improve the equipment and they infrustructure for SDIDTK implementation.Keywords: implementation, SDIDTK program, growth, development, children under fiveCorrespondence: Adrestia Rifki Naharani. Masters Program in Public Health Sebelas Maret University, SurakartaIndonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(3): 175-182https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.03.0

Analysis of Patient Safety Management in Committee for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara

Background: Patient safety is a crucial issue and a focus of policy standard in Internationally accredited organizations. The specific committee responsible for quality improvement in patient safety is the committee for quality improvement and patient safety (PMKP). Incidence of malpractice often occurs but are not reported. It indicates that the committee has not worked according to required accreditation standard. This study aimed to analyze patient safety management with the committee for quality improvement and patient safety at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach. Nine study participants were selected purposively, consisting of 3 committee members (chairperson, secretary, and patient safety sub-committee), 3 chiefs of ward (pediatrics, internal medicine, and surgery), and 4 nurses or midwives (pediatrics, surgery, ICU/ICCU, and obstetrics).Results: The committee for quality improvement and patient safety has been established at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara to meet the requirement of hospital accreditation standard. It aimed to improve the quality of services and to assure patient safety. However, its work has not meet the required standard. The lack of knowledge among involving parties, including hospital management, PMKP member, medical professionals was identified as one important obstacle for the implementation of patient safety management. This has led to the incidence of malpractice at the hospital, sub-standard quality of services and patient safety.Conclusion: PMKP has been established at Sumbawa Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara. However, their work have not meet the required standard. The lack of knowledge among involving parties, including hospital management, PMKP, and health professional, has led to the incidence of malpractice at the hospital, sub-standard quality of services and patient safety.Keyword: quality improvement, patient safety management, committeeCorrespondence: Evie Sulahyuningsih. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Mobile: 08786410495.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2017), 2(2): 147-156https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2017.02.02.0