R34D1NG W0RD5 W1TH NUMB3R5: Is lexical activation triggered by holistic processing or analytical processing?

Previous studies have suggested that LEET words can automatically activate lexical information because of their physical similarity to real words (e.g., Perea, Duñabeitia, & Carreiras, 2008). Lien, Allen, and Martin (in press) recently used electrophysiological measures (event-related brain potentials; ERPs) to show similar lexical/semantic activation (based on the N400 effect, described below) for LEET words and regular, consistent uppercase words. The present study examined whether the lexical activation in LEET words, relative to consistent-uppercase words, is the result of analytical processing (using individual letters as the basic encoding unit) or holistic processing (using whole-word shape as the basic encoding unit)

CUE 2013 LEET Poster.pptx

Previous studies have suggested that LEET words can automatically activate lexical information because of their physical similarity to real words (e.g., Perea, Duñabeitia, & Carreiras, 2008). Lien, Allen, and Martin (in press) recently used electrophysiological measures (event-related brain potentials; ERPs) to show similar lexical/semantic activation (based on the N400 effect, described below) for LEET words and regular, consistent uppercase words. The present study examined whether the lexical activation in LEET words, relative to consistent-uppercase words, is the result of analytical processing (using individual letters as the basic encoding unit) or holistic processing (using whole-word shape as the basic encoding unit).Keywords: LEET, N170, event-related brain potentials (ERPs), N400Keywords: LEET, N170, event-related brain potentials (ERPs), N40

CUE 2013 LEET Poster.pdf

Previous studies have suggested that LEET words can automatically activate lexical information because of their physical similarity to real words (e.g., Perea, Duñabeitia, & Carreiras, 2008). Lien, Allen, and Martin (in press) recently used electrophysiological measures (event-related brain potentials; ERPs) to show similar lexical/semantic activation (based on the N400 effect, described below) for LEET words and regular, consistent uppercase words. The present study examined whether the lexical activation in LEET words, relative to consistent-uppercase words, is the result of analytical processing (using individual letters as the basic encoding unit) or holistic processing (using whole-word shape as the basic encoding unit).Keywords: event-related brain potentials (ERPs), LEET, N400, N17

Immediate versus delayed postpartum use of levonorgestrel contraceptive implants: a randomized controlled trial in Uganda

BackgroundUse of long-acting, highly effective contraception has the potential to improve women's ability to avoid short interpregnancy intervals, which are associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality, and preterm delivery. In Uganda, contraceptive implants are not routinely available during the immediate postpartum period.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the proportion of women using levonorgestrel contraceptive implants at 6 months after delivery in women randomized to immediate or delayed insertion.Study designThis was a randomized controlled trial among women in Kampala, Uganda. Women who desired contraceptive implants were randomly assigned to insertion of a 2-rod contraceptive implant system containing 75 mg of levonorgestrel immediately following delivery (within 5 days of delivery and before discharge from the hospital) or delayed insertion (6 weeks postpartum). The primary outcome was implant utilization at 6 months postpartum.ResultsFrom June to October 2015, 205 women were randomized, 103 to the immediate group and 102 to the delayed group. Ninety-three percent completed the 6 month follow-up visit. At 6 months, implant use was higher in the immediate group compared with the delayed group (97% vs 68%; P < .001), as was the use of any highly effective contraceptive (98% vs 81%; P = .001). Women in the immediate group were more satisfied with the timing of implant placement. If given the choice, 81% of women in the immediate group and 63% of women in the delayed group would choose the same timing of placement again (P = .01). There were no serious adverse events in either group.ConclusionOffering women the option of initiating contraceptive implants in the immediate postpartum period has the potential to increase contraceptive utilization, decrease unwanted pregnancies, prevent short interpregnancy intervals, and help women achieve their reproductive goals