Evaluation of the erosive capacity of children?s beverages on primary teeth enamel : an in vitro study

The consumption of acidified beverages, associated with lower mineralization of primary enamel, is the ideal combination for the development and progression of dental erosion. The objective of this study is to analyze the erosive capacity and the surface roughness of primary teeth enamel after exposure to three different brands of grape juices. Forty enamel blocks of primary teeth were obtained, attened and polished. They were submitted to initial surface roughness analysis (baseline), and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10): NAT: natural grape juice (Campo Largo); IND: industrialized grape juice (Dell Vale Kapo); SOY: soy-based grape juice (Ades); and CONT (control): artificial saliva. Blocks were immersed for 2 min, 3 times per day, for 9 days. During the whole time of the experiment, the enamel blocks were stored in artificial saliva. After the 9 days, the roughness parameters were determined again. The beverages were analyzed for pH and titratable acidity. Data were statistically analyzed (? = 0.05). The surface roughness did not differ significantly among groups (p > 0.05). However, after the immersion in the different grape juices, the surface roughness values increased significantly (p< 0.05). The pH values were weakly correlated to acidity values; NAT showed the highest titratable acidity values than the other juices (p<0.05). Although the surface roughness values of the experimental groups did not differ from the control group, there was a difference in initial and final roughness in all groups. Grape juices, especially natural, may have an erosive capacity, changing the surface roughness of primary dental enamel

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF MELOXICAM AND FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE ON RENAL FUNCTION OF WISTAR RATS

O presente trabalho avaliou a função renal de ratos Wistar submetidos ao tratamento com meloxicam (ME) e flunixin meglumine (FM). Foram utilizados 66 ratos Wistar distribuídos em três grupos (n=22). O grupo controle recebeu solução fisiológica, enquanto os grupos tratados com ME e FM receberam duas doses de 2 e 1,1 mg/Kg, respectivamente, da medicação por via subcutânea. Todos os animais foram submetidos à coleta de 2 mL de sangue no início e ao fim do estudo para posterior detecção dos níveis de ureia. A partir destes dados foi feita a aplicação do teste ANOVA-fator duplo. O nível de significância utilizado foi ≤0,05. Foi possível concluir que o uso de ambos os medicamentos nas dosagens terapêuticas provocaram alterações na função renal dos animais indicando que o uso destes medicamentos deve ser feito com cautela quando utilizados em roedores

Oral rehabilitation with removable dental prosthesis in a six-year-old patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Introduction: Ectodermal dysplasia is an abnormality of the ectoderm and its derivatives, phenotypically expressed in males and genetically inherited from mothers. Objective: To report the efficacy of the prosthetics treatment of severe ectodermal dysplasia in a 6-year-old boy with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED). Case report: The boy had difficulty in speaking and eating and the condition also affected his self-esteem. Prosthetic treatments included the construction of acrylic custom trays, determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO), construction of upper and lower dentures, and palatal expansion procedure. Conclusion: Significant improvements in the patient’s stomatognathic functionand self-esteem were evident.Introduction: Ectodermal dysplasia is an abnormality of the ectoderm and its derivatives, phenotypically expressed in males and genetically inherited from mothers. Objective: To report the efficacy of the prosthetics treatment of severe ectodermal dysplasia in a 6-year-old boy with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED). Case report: The boy had difficulty in speaking and eating and the condition also affected his self-esteem. Prosthetic treatments included the construction of acrylic custom trays, determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO), construction of upper and lower dentures, and palatal expansion procedure. Conclusion: Significant improvements in the patient’s stomatognathic functionand self-esteem were evident

Free gingival graft to increase gingival dimensions in Down syndrome patients: clinical case report

Introduction: Down Syndrome (DS) patients have increased susceptibility to the development of periodontal diseases by the occurrence of several factors, such as inadequate hygiene, mouth breathing, dental morphology, leukocyte reduction and increased inflammatory mediators. Objective: This study aimed to review the literature on the main aspects of DS and present a clinical case of a DS patient treated with basic periodontal therapy and free gingival graft surgery. Case report: DS patient, leucoderma, aged 26 years showed gingival recession and little amount of keratinized tissue in the area of teeth #31 and #41. After surgery, there was an increase in the keratinized tissue band. Conclusion: The free gingival graft surgery performed in DS patients was effective, as the increase of keratinized tissue band occurred

Factors associated with the loss of dental implants and the impact on the quality of life / Fatores associados com a perda de implantes dentários e o impacto sobre a qualidade de vida

Introduction: Several factors can be associated with loss of dental implants and this loss can affect the quality of life. Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the factors involved in the loss of dental implants as well as the impact of the loss on the individual's quality of life. Methods: This study included 25 patients who reported the loss of at least one dental implant. Personal data were collected and regarding the medical and dental history. Data such as medication use, presence of systemic diseases, smoking, and consumption of alcoholic beverages were noted. In the dental history, the items relevant to this study were whether patients installed dental implants and whether or not they were lost and how long after installation. To assess the quality of life, oral health-related quality of life, quality of sleep and anxiety trait were used the WHOQoL-bref questionnaire, oral health-related quality of life questionnaire, Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) questionnaire and the trait-state anxiety inventory (STAI-T), respectively. In addition, the presence of dental crowding, incisal spacing, and anterior open bite were evaluated. The time elapsed between installation and implant loss was counted in months. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis correlation and Adjusted Generalized Linear Regression). Values of p &lt;0.05 were considered significant. Results: 25 patients participated in this study. The correlation test showed a significant moderate negative correlation between the Physical Domain of the WHOQoL-bref Questionnaire and Implant Loss Time in Months (r = -0.4689 p = 0.024). Patients with schooling up to high school lost their implants more quickly compared to patients with schooling up to higher education (? = -8.48; p = 0.047). When evaluating Implant Loss Time as an independent variable, no significant results were observed. Conclusion: The early loss of dental implants affects the general quality of life of individuals in the physical domain and this event is associated with low schooling

Facial anthropometry in an adult male with Sotos syndrome

Introduction: Sotos Syndrome is a dominant autossomic disease caused by a mutation in NSD1 gene localized in chromosome 5. The craniofacial phenotype of Sotos Syndrome is quite distinctive, especially in the young child, and includes macrocephaly, widelyspaced eyes, prominent chin and mandible, high and curved forehead, palpebral slits oblique and downward, long and narrowface. This phenotype plays an important role in the identification of this syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the craniofacial anthropometric landmarks of a young adult male with medical diagnosis of Sotos Syndrome. Material and methods: Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, twenty five anthropometric measurements were taken of the individual and compared with the facial pattern of non-syndromic individuals,matched in gender and age. The findings were standards and converted to Z-scores. Results: the data analysis showed that the majority of variables were in supernormal range (greater than +2 standard deviation (SD). None none of them was in the subnormal range (less than –2SD). Conclusion: Anthropometric analysis of Sotos Syndrome demonstrated the usefulness of craniofacial analysisin defining abnormal craniofacial dimensions.Introduction: Sotos Syndrome is a dominant autossomic disease caused by a mutation in NSD1 gene localized in chromosome 5. The craniofacial phenotype of Sotos Syndrome is quite distinctive, especially in the young child, and includes macrocephaly, widelyspaced eyes, prominent chin and mandible, high and curved forehead, palpebral slits oblique and downward, long and narrowface. This phenotype plays an important role in the identification of this syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the craniofacial anthropometric landmarks of a young adult male with medical diagnosis of Sotos Syndrome. Material and methods: Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, twenty five anthropometric measurements were taken of the individual and compared with the facial pattern of non-syndromic individuals,matched in gender and age. The findings were standards and converted to Z-scores. Results: the data analysis showed that the majority of variables were in supernormal range (greater than +2 standard deviation (SD). None none of them was in the subnormal range (less than –2SD). Conclusion: Anthropometric analysis of Sotos Syndrome demonstrated the usefulness of craniofacial analysisin defining abnormal craniofacial dimensions

Cognitive level, quality of life and oral health of a Prader-Willi Syndrome patient - case report with long-term follow-up / Nível cognitivo, qualidade de vida e saúde bucal de um paciente com síndrome de Prader-Willi - Relato de caso com acompanhamento de longo prazo

Introduction: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, neurobehavioral genetic disorder that alters the child's development. Concerning oral health, PWS patients present dental aspects that are not completely understood. Objectives: The aim of this case report was to describe long-term follow-up of a patient with PWS, regarding to cognitive level, overall self-perceived quality of life and oral health, sleep quality, anxiety trait, and oral condition. Methods: The information about his cognitive ability and socio-behavioral behavior was collected applying the questionnaires: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), simplified World Health Organization Abbreviated Quality of Life survey (WHOQOL-bref), Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The clinical examination was performed according to the WHO methods for oral health surveys. Index of Decayed, Missing or Filled teeth (DMFT) and other changes in mineralized tissues, such as dental fluorosis or erosion, incisor molar hypomineralization, enamel hypoplasia, bruxism, dental trauma and positioning of teeth in dental arches were also recorded. In the periodontal analysis, the visible plaque index, bleeding on probing and final diagnosis of gingivitis were performed. Data about dental occlusion and temporomandibular disorders were also noted. After data collection and clinical examination, a saliva sample was collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity. Results: The analysis of the questionnaires revealed an individual satisfied with his quality of life, but very anxious. Clinical examination point to gingival inflammation located in the region of anterior teeth, maxillary and mandibular anterior tooth crowding and malocclusion. Salivary parameters were normal. Conclusion: This case report suggests that the PWS patient perceives that his quality of life is good despite his anxiety episodes. Regarding oral health, gingival inflammation and malocclusion are the main problems.

EVALUATION OF CANINE ROOT CANAL THERAPY USING PROTAPER® SYSTEM

Industry data for pet products has revealed that most Brazilian families have pets in their homes and that that humans give a large amount of attention to their pets. Oral diseases are among the most quickly perceived and treated of pet pathologies; and the most common of these is periodontal disease, which can affect the pulp and requires endodontic treatment. Recently, the evelopment of superelastic nickel-titanium alloys has revolutionized endodontic therapy, as the alloys have been used to develop novel rotary instruments. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of such rotary instruments in the ex vivo shaping of canine dental root canal therapy. The sample consisted of 40 canine incisors that had been extracted due to periodontal disease. The endodontic access procedure was performed, and the root canal was prepared using ProTaper® rotary instruments. Before and after shaping the canals, teeth were examined radiographically. The cervical, middle, and apical thirds were analyzed using the Image Lab® program. Results showed that the ProTaper® rotary instruments removed significant amounts of dentine (cervical third: T=-13.225, p<0.0001; middle third: W=410, p<0.000 1; apical third: W=410, p<0.0001). Regarding shaping of the canal, the apical third had expanded significantly, and there was a positive correlation between measurements in all analyzed thirds (cervical third: r=0.924; middle third: r=0.980; apical third: r=0.993.) This demonstrates an increase in the surface area of the channels in all three thirds. In this study, we conclude that the rotary instruments used were efficient in shaping root canals.Keywords: Endodontics, rotary instruments, root cana

Analysis of Polymorphisms in the Lactotransferrin Gene Promoter and Dental Caries

Regarding host aspects, there has been strong evidence for a genetic component in the etiology of caries. The salivary protein lactotransferrin (LTF) exhibits antibacterial activity, but there is no study investigating the association of polymorphisms in the promoter region of LTF gene with caries. The objective of this study was firstly to search the promoter region of the human LTF gene for variations and, if existent, to investigate the association of the identified polymorphisms with dental caries in 12-year-old students. From 687 unrelated, 12-year-old, both sex students, 50 individuals were selected and divided into two groups of extreme phenotypes according to caries experience: 25 students without (DMFT = 0) and 25 with caries experience (DMFT ≥ 4). The selection of individuals with extreme phenotypes augments the chances to find gene variations which could be associated with such phenotypes. LTF gene-putative promoter region (+39 to −1143) of the selected 50 individuals was analyzed by high-resolution melting technique. Fifteen students, 8 without (DMFT = 0) and 7 with caries experience (mean DMFT = 6.28), presented deviations of the pattern curve suggestive of gene variations and were sequenced. However, no polymorphisms were identified in the putative promoter region of the LTF gene

Oral health of paralympic athletes: is there enough scientific evidence to support oral health actions for this population? Narrative review: Saúde bucal de atletas paraolímpicos: existem evidências científicas suficientes para fundamentar ações de saúde bucal para essa população? Revisão narrativa

Paralympic athletes are athletes with disabilities who compete in official recreational or collegiate competitions. Like any other group of people, these para-athletes need special attention concerning oral health. Oral health is a hotly debated topic in the literature in general, but what about the oral health of para-athletes, is there enough scientific evidence on oral health to support oral health actions for para-athletes? This narrative review aimed to answer this question. A review of the literature using the PubMed database was performed between March and April 2022. The authors selected original studies in the English language without a limit of date. The search strategy consisted of a combination of terms “Special Olympics” AND “athletes” and “Paralympic athletes” AND “oral health”. 1140 articles were founded, but only 24 matched the inclusion criteria. The studies included oral health data from 185,499 para-athletes. Gingival problems and dental caries were the most cited oral problems. There is a significant need for the preventive and restorative oral health of this population. The studies provide sufficient information to plan specific actions for this population