Hybrid Gate-Level Leakage Model for Monte Carlo Analysis on Multiple GPUs

This paper proposes a hybrid gate-level leakage model for the use with the Monte Carlo (MC) analysis approach, which combines a lookup table (LUT) model with a first-order exponential-polynomial model (first-order model, herein). For the process parameters having strong nonlinear relationships with the logarithm of leakage current, the proposed model uses the LUT approach for the sake of modeling accuracy. For the other process parameters, it uses the first-order model for increased efficiency. During the library characterization for each type of logic gates, the proposed approach determines the process parameters for which it will use the LUT model. And, it determines the number of LUT data points, which can maximize analysis efficiency with acceptable accuracy, based on the user-defined threshold. The proposed model was implemented for gate-level MC leakage analysis using three graphic processing units. In experiments, the proposed approach exhibited the average errors of <5% in both mean and standard deviation with reference to SPICE-level MC leakage analysis. In comparison, MC analysis with the first-order model exhibited more than 90% errors. In CPU times, the proposed hybrid approach took only two to five times longer runtimes. In comparison with the full LUT model, the proposed hybrid model was up to one hundred times faster while increasing the average errors by only 3%. Finally, the proposed approach completed a leakage analysis of an OpenSparc T2 core of 4.5 million gates with a runtime of <5 min.1150Ysciescopu

The Art NFTs and Their Marketplaces

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are crypto assets with a unique digital identifier for ownership, powered by blockchain technology. Technically speaking, anything digital could be minted and sold as an NFT, which provides proof of ownership and authenticity of a digital file. For this reason, it helps us distinguish between the originals and their copies, making it possible to trade them. This paper focuses on art NFTs that change how artists can sell their products. It also changes how the art trade market works since NFT technology cuts out the middleman. Recently, the utility of NFTs has become an essential issue in the NFT ecosystem, which refers to the owners' usefulness, profitability, and benefits. Using recent major art NFT marketplace datasets, we summarize and interpret the current market trends and patterns in a way that brings insight into the future art market. Numerical examples are presented

How to Attract Your Students to Your Games: The Difference of Mediating Effect of Psychic Income on the Relationship between Points of Attachment and Behavioral Attributes

The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of the points of attachment with the mediating impact of college students’ psychic income on their attendance and word-of-mouth behavioral intentions. A total of 537 samples were collected from college students at a mid-sized southwest university in the United States. A CFA was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales. The hypothesized model was tested using a SEM with AMOS 26 software. Additionally, a bootstrapping method was employed to determine the indirect effect of the mediating variable of psychic income on the relationship between points of attachment and behavioral intentions as well as points of attachment and word of mouth. The results reveal that psychic income mediated the proposed relationships

Analyzing the Mediating Effects of Social Capital and Sense of Community Between International Student’s College Sports Team Identification and Acculturation

Previous studies focused on the role of leisure activities, such as physical activity participation, to analyze how international students can receive social support from their communities to better acculturate in the U.S. This study focused on the role of college sports in providing social support and its effect on international student’s acculturation. Four hundred eighty-seven international students enrolled in 25 Power-5 affiliated colleges participated in this study to analyze the acculturation path model suggested by the primary researcher. The initial path model did not show a statistically significant model fit, which led to modifying the model once following the available theory in academia. As a result, the proposed model resulted in a good model fit (RMSEA = .03, SRMR = .01, CFI = 1.00, TLI = .98). Discussions on utilizing spectator sports to promote international students’ acculturation, suggestions for future study options, and limitations of the study were provided

Associations of multicultural status with depressive mood and suicidality among Korean adolescents: the roles of parental country of birth and socioeconomic position

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.Background The mental health of the offspring of immigrants is a major public health concern. In this study, we examined associations of multicultural status and parental country of birth with adolescent mental health in South Korea, and assessed the effect of socioeconomic position (SEP) on these associations. Methods We used four waves of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS) between 2011 and 2014, including 294,324 participants (149,219 boys and 145,105 girls aged 13–18 years) as study subjects. KYRBS is a cross-sectional survey conducted annually by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The participants in the KYRBS were drawn as stratified multistage clustered samples from Korean middle schools and high schools. We calculated the age-adjusted 12-month prevalence of depressive mood and suicidal behaviors by parental country of birth, and estimated the effects of SEP indicators on the relationship. Results The age-standardized prevalence of suicidality (suicide ideation, plans, and attempts) was significantly different between multicultural and non-multicultural boys. The impact of multicultural status on mental health varied with parental foreign-born status and maternal country of birth. Compared with non-multicultural counterparts, boys with Japan-born mothers showed lower prevalence ratios (PRs) of suicidal plans (PR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.16–0.70). Girls with Japan-born mothers also showed lower PRs of depressive mood (PR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.63–0.95) and suicidal ideation (PR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.83), while adolescents with Korean-Chinese mothers showed similar PRs. Boys with foreign-born fathers as well as boys with two foreign-born parents were at a greater risk of suicidality than non-multicultural boys. The magnitude of the relationship between multicultural status and mental health outcomes was generally attenuated after adjusting for SEP indicators. Conclusions In general, adolescents with Japan-born mothers showed lower PRs of depressive mood and suicidality than non-multicultural adolescents, while those with Korean-Chinese mothers showed similar PRs. Boys who had foreign-born fathers generally showed greater PRs of depressive mood and suicidality than non-multicultural boys. To ensure the effective implementation of policies to reduce mental health problems among multicultural adolescents in South Korea, detailed information should be considered regarding the cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds of families, such as parental country of birth and SEP

A LEARNING-BASED GAIT ESTIMATION DURING WALKING-IN-PLACE IN VR LOCOMOTION SYSTEM

The purpose of this study was to estimate the spatiotemporal gait parameters from step time information during walking-in-place (WIP) and body anthropometric information from a newly developed VR locomotion system using a learning-based regressor. A fully-connected feed-forward neural network model was used to predict the spatiotemporal variables of walking. The inputs of the model were the WIP features and body anthropometric data, while the outputs of the model were the spatiotemporal gait parameters of the regular walking. With the prediction accuracy of 98% or higher, the feasibility of the model has been validated. In conclusion, the model not only can provide accurate prediction of spatiotemporal gait parameters while the users are walking in the VR locomotion system, but also eliminate the need to measure these parameters in experimental environments. Future studies with various subject groups such as the elderly and patients with musculoskeletal injuries will be conducted to generalize the findings of this study