Shanghái-Barcelona en la novela del siglo XX. La representación de la ciudad moderna: lo occidental y lo oriental

El título de la tesis aúna los conceptos de ciudad y novela. Por lo que se refiere a ciudad, las elegidas son Barcelona y Shanghái: dos ciudades muy similares por su situación geográfica, nivel de desarrollo y grado de importancia en sus respectivos países, pero al mismo tiempo con grandes diferencias, debidas a su pertenencia a culturas muy distintas. Las historias de ambas tienen puntos paralelos: transcurren durante un período de rápido desarrollo, principalmente al inicio del siglo XX, y después, las dos ciudades semejantemente sufrieron las consecuencias de las guerras y pasaron las épocas oscuras hasta los años 70. Sin embargo, tanto los antecedentes y los detalles de aquellos acontecimientos como el cambio de la forma y los espacios de la ciudad, así como la influencia que ejercen sobre las novelas en las que aparecen representadas, nos muestran en realidad la diferencia no sólo de dos ciudades distintas sino también la huella de dos culturas que se hallan en dos lados del continente. A través de las novelas que tienen lugar en Barcelona y en Shanghái del siglo XX, la intención de este trabajo es investigar la representación en la novela de los espacios de dos ciudades similares pero que pertenecen a dos mundos, el occidente y el oriente.The title of the thesis combines the concepts of city and novel. As regards city, the chosen ones are Barcelona and Shanghai: two cities very similar for their geographical situation, level of development and degree of importance in their respective countries, but at the same time with great differences, due to their belonging to cultures very different. The stories of both have parallel points: they pass during a period of rapid development, mainly at the beginning of the twentieth century, and later, the two cities similarly suffered the consequences of wars and passed the dark ages until the 70s. However, both the background and details of those events such as the change in the shape and spaces of the city, as well as the influence they exert on the novels in which they are represented, actually show us the difference not only of two different cities but also the mark of two cultures that are on two sides of the continent. Through the novels that take place in Barcelona and Shanghai of the twentieth century, the intention of this work is to investigate the representation in the novel of the spaces of two similar cities but that belong to two worlds, the west and the east

High-speed graphene-silicon-graphene waveguide PDs with high photo-to-dark-current ratio and large linear dynamic range

Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) meet the demand of broadband and low-cost photodetection on silicon for many applications. Currently, it is still very challenging to realize excellent silicon-2DM PDs. Here we demonstrate graphene-silicon-graphene waveguide PDs operating at the wavelength-bands of 1.55 {\mu}m and 2 {\mu}m, showing the potential for large-scale integration. For the fabricated PDs, the measured responsivities are respectively ~0.15 mA/W and ~0.015 mA/W for the wavelengths of 1.55 {\mu}m and 1.96{\mu}m. In particular, the PDs exhibit a high bandwidth of ~33 GHz, an ultra-low dark current of tens of pico-amperes, a high normalized photo-to-dark-current ratio (NPDR) of 1.63x10^6 W^-1, as well as a high linear dynamic range of 3 {\mu}W-1.86 mW (and beyond) at 1.55 {\mu}m. According to the measurement results for the wavelength-bands of 1.55/2.0 {\mu}m and the theoretical modeling for the silicon-graphene heterostructure, it is revealed that internal photo-emission and photo-assisted thermionic field emission dominantly contribute to the photoresponse in the graphene-silicon Schottky junctions, which helps the future work to further improve the performance

Shanghái-Barcelona en la novela del siglo XX. La representación de la ciudad moderna : lo occidental y lo oriental

El título de la tesis aúna los conceptos de ciudad y novela. Por lo que se refiere a ciudad, las elegidas son Barcelona y Shanghái: dos ciudades muy similares por su situación geográfica, nivel de desarrollo y grado de importancia en sus respectivos países, pero al mismo tiempo con grandes diferencias, debidas a su pertenencia a culturas muy distintas. Las historias de ambas tienen puntos paralelos: transcurren durante un período de rápido desarrollo, principalmente al inicio del siglo XX, y después, las dos ciudades semejantemente sufrieron las consecuencias de las guerras y pasaron las épocas oscuras hasta los años 70. Sin embargo, tanto los antecedentes y los detalles de aquellos acontecimientos como el cambio de la forma y los espacios de la ciudad, así como la influencia que ejercen sobre las novelas en las que aparecen representadas, nos muestran en realidad la diferencia no sólo de dos ciudades distintas sino también la huella de dos culturas que se hallan en dos lados del continente. A través de las novelas que tienen lugar en Barcelona y en Shanghái del siglo XX, la intención de este trabajo es investigar la representación en la novela de los espacios de dos ciudades similares pero que pertenecen a dos mundos, el occidente y el oriente.The title of the thesis combines the concepts of city and novel. As regards city, the chosen ones are Barcelona and Shanghai: two cities very similar for their geographical situation, level of development and degree of importance in their respective countries, but at the same time with great differences, due to their belonging to cultures very different. The stories of both have parallel points: they pass during a period of rapid development, mainly at the beginning of the twentieth century, and later, the two cities similarly suffered the consequences of wars and passed the dark ages until the 70s. However, both the background and details of those events such as the change in the shape and spaces of the city, as well as the influence they exert on the novels in which they are represented, actually show us the difference not only of two different cities but also the mark of two cultures that are on two sides of the continent. Through the novels that take place in Barcelona and Shanghai of the twentieth century, the intention of this work is to investigate the representation in the novel of the spaces of two similar cities but that belong to two worlds, the west and the east

Global Calibration of Multi-Cameras Based on Refractive Projection and Ray Tracing

Multi-camera systems are widely applied in the three dimensional (3D) computer vision, especially when multiple cameras are distributed on both sides of the measured object. The calibration methods of multi-camera systems are critical to the accuracy of vision measurement and the key is to find an appropriate calibration target. In this paper, a high-precision camera calibration method for multi-camera systems based on transparent glass checkerboards and ray tracing is described, and is used to calibrate multiple cameras distributed on both sides of the glass checkerboard. Firstly, the intrinsic parameters of each camera are obtained by Zhang’s calibration method. Then, multiple cameras capture several images from the front and back of the glass checkerboard with different orientations, and all images contain distinct grid corners. As the cameras on one side are not affected by the refraction of glass checkerboard, extrinsic parameters can be directly calculated. However, the cameras on the other side are influenced by the refraction of glass checkerboard, and the direct use of projection model will produce a calibration error. A multi-camera calibration method using refractive projection model and ray tracing is developed to eliminate this error. Furthermore, both synthetic and real data are employed to validate the proposed approach. The experimental results of refractive calibration show that the error of the 3D reconstruction is smaller than 0.2 mm, the relative errors of both rotation and translation are less than 0.014%, and the mean and standard deviation of reprojection error of the four-camera system are 0.00007 and 0.4543 pixels, respectively. The proposed method is flexible, highly accurate, and simple to carry out

Enhanced Nicotiana benthamiana immune responses caused by heterologous plant genes from Pinellia ternata

Abstract Background Pinellia ternata is a Chinese traditional medicinal herb, used to cure diseases including insomnia, eclampsia and cervical carcinoma, for hundreds of years. Non-self-recognition in multicellular organisms can initiate the innate immunity to avoid the invasion of pathogens. A design for pathogen independent, heterosis based, fresh resistance can be generated in F1 hybrid was proposed. Results By library functional screening, we found that P. ternata genes, named as ptHR375 and ptHR941, were identified with the potential to trigger a hypersensitive response in Nicotiana benthamiana. Significant induction of ROS and Callose deposition in N. benthamiana leaves along with activation of pathogenesis-related genes viz.; PR-1a, PR-5, PDF1.2, NPR1, PAL, RBOHB and ERF1 and antioxidant enzymes was observed. After transformation into N. benthamiana, expression of pathogenesis related genes was significantly up-regulated to generate high level of resistance against Phytophthora capsici without affecting the normal seed germination and morphological characters of the transformed N. benthamiana. UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis of ptHR375 transformed N. benthamiana revealed the induction of Oxytetracycline, Cuelure, Allantoin, Diethylstilbestrol and 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one as bioactive compounds. Here we also proved that F1 hybrids, produced by crossing of the ptHR375 and ptHR941 transformed and non-transformed N. benthamiana, show significant high levels of PR-gene expressions and pathogen resistance. Conclusions Heterologous plant genes can activate disease resistance in another plant species and furthermore, by generating F1 hybrids, fresh pathogen independent plant immunity can be obtained. It is also concluded that ptHR375 and ptHR941 play their role in SA and JA/ET defense pathways to activate the resistance against invading pathogens

High-Bandwidth Zero-Biased Waveguide-Integrated p‑n Homojunction Graphene Photodetectors on Silicon for a Wavelength Band of 1.55 μm and Beyond

The p-n homojunction graphene photodetectors (GPDs) based on the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect have drawn much attention for featuring zero-bias operation (i.e., zero dark current) with a bandwidth of tens of GHz. However, most waveguide-integrated GPDs were demonstrated for the 1.55 μm wavelength band. Here, we realize high-performance silicon waveguide integrated GPDs enabling efficient light absorption at both wavelength bands of 1.55 and 2 μm. The broadband operation of the present PTE GPDs is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. When operating at 1.55 μm, the GPD typically exhibits a responsivity of ∼2.81 V/W and a 3 dB bandwidth of >40 GHz (setup-limited) under zero bias. When the GPDs operate at 2 μm under zero bias, the responsivity is about 2.78–4 V/W and the 3 dB bandwidth is >22 GHz (setup-limited). The measured linear dynamic range is over 24 dB for both wavelength bands of 1.55 and 2 μm. The present high-performance waveguide-integrated GPD provides a promising option for the applications of silicon photonics beyond 1.55 μm, such as optical communications, photonics sending, etc

Data_Sheet_1_Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of Salmonella isolated from retail foods in Guizhou, China.ZIP

IntroductionSalmonella is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide that causes severe morbidity and mortality. It is mainly caused by consuming contaminated food, with retail food considered the primary source.MethodsIn Guizhou, China, 102 Salmonella strains isolated from 2016 to 2021 underwent phenotypic antimicrobial resistance testing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to understand Salmonella diversity, including serotypes, sequencing types (STs), antimicrobial genes, virulence genes, plasmid types, multi-locus sequence types (MLST), and core genome MLST (cgMLST).Results and discussionS.Typhimurium was the dominant serotype, and O:4(B) was the leading serogroup. The most prevalent genotype was ST40. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance identified 66.7% of the sampled isolates as multi-drug resistant (MDR). S.Enteritidis (n = 7), S.Typhimurium (n = 1), S.Indiana (n = 1), S.Kentucky (n = 1), S.Uganda (n = 1), all of which were MDR, were resistant to Colistin. Resistance rates varied significantly across different strains and food types, particularly meat products exhibiting higher resistance. Notably, significant increases in resistance were observed from 2016 to 2021 for the following: ≥ 1 resistant (P = 0.001), MDR (P = 0.001), ampicillin (P = 0.001), tetracycline (P < 0.001), chloramphenicol (P = 0.030), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (P = 0.003). The marked escalation in drug resistance over the recent years, coupled with the varying resistance rates among food sources, underscores the growing public health concern. Our findings highlight the need for a coordinated approach to effectively monitor and respond to Salmonella infections in Guizhou, China.</p

Excessive SOX8 reprograms energy and iron metabolism to prime hepatocellular carcinoma for ferroptosis

Lipid peroxidation and redox imbalance are hallmarks of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation in glycolipid metabolism and iron homeostasis substantially contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the specific transcription factors that are capable of coordinating glycolipid and redox homeostasis to initiate the onset of ferroptosis. We discovered that overexpression of SOX8 leads to impaired mitochondria integrate, increased oxidative stress, and enhanced lipid peroxidation. These effects can be attributed to the inhibitory impact of SOX8 on de novo lipogenesis, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Additionally, upregulation of SOX8 results in reduced synthesis of NADPH, disturbance of redox homeostasis, disruption of mitochondrial structure, and impairment of the electron transport chain. Furthermore, the overexpression of SOX8 enhances the process of ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of genes associated with ferroptosis and elevating intracellular levels of ferrous ion. Importantly, the overexpressing of SOX8 has been observed to inhibit the proliferation of HCC in immunodeficient animal models. In conclusion, the findings suggest that SOX8 has the ability to alter glycolipid and iron metabolism of HCC cells, hence triggering the process of ferroptosis. The results of our study present a novel strategy for targeting ferroptosis in the therapy of HCC