Nelinearno upravljanje s unutarnjim modelom za pogon s prekidačkim reluktantnim motorom bez oscilacija momenta

Based on the nonlinear internal-model control (IMC), associated with the suitable commutation strategy, a novel control solution for switched reluctance motor (SRM) is formulated and designed. The commutation strategy uses a definite critical rotor position as commutation point, which reduces the computational burden. The nonlinear IMC-based voltage control scheme for SRM extracts the simplicity of the feedback linearization control and the robustness of IMC structure, which ensures the torque ripple-free and the drive\u27s robustness in spite of the plant-model mismatch disturbances. Some important properties are presented. Simulation results show that the high-performance control for SRM has been achieved.Predloženo je i razrađeno novo rješenje za upravljanje sklopnim reluktantnim motorom (SRM) zasnovano na nelinearnom upravljanju s unutarnjim modelom (IMC) i prikladnoj strategiji komutacije. Strategija komutacije koristi definiranu kritičnu poziciju rotora kao točku komutacije što doprinosi smanjenju računskih zahtjevnosti. Shema za upravljanje naponom SRM-a zasnovana na nelinearnom IMC-u osigurava linearizaciju zatvorenog sustava i robusnost IMC strukture što rezultira ukupnom robusnošću pogona bez oscilacija momenta unatoč nepodudaranju modela smetnji sa stvarnim smetnjama. Opisana su neka važna svojstva ovoga načina upravljanja. Simulacijskim se rezultatima pokazuje visoka kvaliteta upravljanja SRM-a

Fermentation of pretreated corncob hemicellulose hydrolysate to ethanol by Candida shehatae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

To investigate the effect of unknown fermentation inhibitors in corncob hemicellulose acid hydrolysate processed by pretreatment and detoxification on fermentation, corncob hemicellulose acid hydrolysate and artificially prepared hydrolysate were fermented in parallel by Candida shehatae YHFK-2. The results show that fermentability of corncob hemicellulose acid hydrolysate was better than that of the artificially prepared hydrolysate and scale-up of C. shehatae YHFK-2 fermentation was done, which showed that ethanol production in the fermenter was obviously much more than that in flasks. In addition, C. shehatae YHFK-2 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae W5 were used for mixed fermentation of corncob hemicellulose acid hydrolysate, which was done for exploring the possibility of efficiently increasing ethanol production.Key words: Ethanol, corncob hemicellulose acid hydrolysate, fermentation property, stability, mixed fermentation

Cai and Ge, Nitrogen Contents and Its Distribution

Abstract: The nitrogen content of sugar beet plant was significantly positive correlated with nitrogen amount used. At the beginning of beet growing, the distribution of nitrogen was mainly in leaves, but later the distribution rate of nitrogen increased in roots. However, the distribution rate of nitrogen in leaves was still on high level when treated with high amount of nitrogen, which would be against the accumulation of sugar. The contents of phosphorous and potassium of beet plant were also significantly positive correlated with nitrogen amount used, and nitrogen has obvious interaction effect with phosphorus and potassium

The association of exogenous dietary antioxidant micronutrient intake and consumption timing with urinary albumin excretion among U.S. adults

BackgroundOxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is closely linked to glomerular injury and microvascular endothelial dysfunction. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is a sensitive early marker of renal damage and systemic inflammation. Although dietary antioxidants are recognized to modulate oxidative stress, the impact of both their cumulative intake and timing on UAE remains unclear.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI)—including both total daily intake and intake at different meals—and the incidence of elevated UAE among adults in the United States. We also aimed to evaluate whether the timing of antioxidant intake, particularly in the evening, modifies this relationship.MethodsWe analysed data from 23,214 adults aged ≥20 years in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2018. CDAI was determined using dietary intakes of six antioxidants (vitamins E, A, C, carotenoids, selenium, and zinc) across breakfast, lunch, and dinner. UAE was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g. Weighted multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, component-independent effect analysis, and analysis of subgroups were used to evaluate the associations and interactions.ResultsHigher CDAI was greatly connected to reduced odds of UAE (fully adjusted OR per SD increase: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99; P = 0.041). Antioxidant intake during dinner showed the strongest inverse association with UAE (P < 0.01), while breakfast and lunch intake were not significantly related. The difference between dinner and breakfast CDAI (ΔCDAI) was also inversely associated with UAE. Subgroup analysis revealed effect modification by BMI: the protective association was attenuated in participants with obesity (BMI ≥ 30).ConclusionsBoth the quantity and timing of dietary antioxidant intake are associated with urinary albumin excretion. Evening antioxidant consumption and a higher ΔCDAI may offer enhanced renal protection, potentially via circadian modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings support a chrononutrition-based approach to kidney health and warrant further interventional studies

Purification, characterization and probiotic proliferation effect of exopolysaccharides produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HDC-01 isolated from sauerkraut

In this study, an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HDC-01 was isolated from sauerkraut, and the structure, properties and biological activity of the studied EPS were assessed. The molecular weight of the isolated EPS is 2.505 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results showed that the EPS was composed of glucose/glucopyranose subunits linked by an α-(1 → 6) glycosidic bond and contained an α-(1 → 3) branching structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the EPS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the isolated EPS had a smooth and compact surface with several protrusions of varying lengths and irregularly shaped material. Moreover, the studied EPS showed good thermal stability, water holding capacity, and milk coagulation ability and promoted the growth of probiotics. L. plantarum EPS may be used as prebiotics in the fields of food and medicine

An anoikis-related gene signature for prediction of the prognosis in prostate cancer

PurposeThis study presents a novel approach to predict postoperative biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients which involves constructing a signature based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs).MethodsIn this study, we utilised data from TCGA-PARD and GEO databases to identify specific ARGs in prostate cancer. We established a signature of these ARGs using Cox regression analysis and evaluated their clinical predictive efficacy and immune-related status through various methods such as Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, subject work characteristics analysis, and CIBERSORT method. Our findings suggest that these ARGs may have potential as biomarkers for prostate cancer prognosis and treatment. To investigate the biological pathways of genes associated with anoikis, we utilised GSVA, GO, and KEGG. The expression of ARGs was confirmed by the HPA database. Furthermore, we conducted PPI analysis to identify the core network of ARGs in PCa.ResultsBased on analysis of the TCGA database, a set of eight ARGs were identified as prognostic signature genes for prostate cancer. The reliability and validity of this signature were well verified in both the TCGA and GEO codifications. Using this signature, patients were classified into two groups based on their risk for developing BCR. There was a significant difference in BCR-free time between the high and low risk groups (P < 0.05).This signature serves as a dependable and unbiased prognostic factor for predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. It outperforms clinicopathological characteristics in terms of accuracy and reliability. PLK1 may play a potential regulatory role as a core gene in the development of prostate cancer.ConclusionThis signature suggests the potential role of ARGs in the development and progression of PCa and can effectively predict the risk of BCR in PCa patients after surgery. It also provides a basis for further research into the mechanism of ARGs in PCa and for the clinical management of patients with PCa

Identification of the surface-associate proteins and functions of enolase of streptococcus mutans

This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department ([email protected])

Identification of the surface-associate proteins and functions of enolase of streptococcus mutans

This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department ([email protected])