1,383 research outputs found
Compressing Recurrent Neural Networks with Tensor Ring for Action Recognition
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and their variants, such as Long-Short Term
Memory (LSTM) networks, and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks, have achieved
promising performance in sequential data modeling. The hidden layers in RNNs
can be regarded as the memory units, which are helpful in storing information
in sequential contexts. However, when dealing with high dimensional input data,
such as video and text, the input-to-hidden linear transformation in RNNs
brings high memory usage and huge computational cost. This makes the training
of RNNs unscalable and difficult. To address this challenge, we propose a novel
compact LSTM model, named as TR-LSTM, by utilizing the low-rank tensor ring
decomposition (TRD) to reformulate the input-to-hidden transformation. Compared
with other tensor decomposition methods, TR-LSTM is more stable. In addition,
TR-LSTM can complete an end-to-end training and also provide a fundamental
building block for RNNs in handling large input data. Experiments on real-world
action recognition datasets have demonstrated the promising performance of the
proposed TR-LSTM compared with the tensor train LSTM and other state-of-the-art
competitors.Comment: 9 page
Chip-based photonic radar for high-resolution imaging
Radar is the only sensor that can realize target imaging at all time and all
weather, which would be a key technical enabler for future intelligent society.
Poor resolution and large size are two critical issues for radars to gain
ground in civil applications. Conventional electronic radars are difficult to
address both issues especially in the relatively low-frequency band. In this
work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate, for the first time to the best
of our knowledge, a chip-based photonic radar based on silicon photonic
platform, which can implement high resolution imaging with very small
footprint. Both the wideband signal generator and the de-chirp receiver are
integrated on the chip. A broadband photonic imaging radar occupying the full
Ku band is experimentally established. A high precision range measurement with
a resolution of 2.7 cm and an error of less than 2.75 mm is obtained. Inverse
synthetic aperture (ISAR) imaging of multiple targets with complex profiles are
also implemented.Comment: 4 pages, 6figure
Interfacial Properties of Monolayer and Bilayer MoS2 Contacts with Metals: Beyond the Energy Band Calculations
Although many prototype devices based on two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 have been
fabricated and wafer scale growth of 2D MoS2 has been realized, the fundamental
nature of 2D MoS2-metal contacts has not been well understood yet. We provide a
comprehensive ab initio study of the interfacial properties of a series of
monolayer (ML) and bilayer (BL) MoS2-metal contacts (metal = Sc, Ti, Ag, Pt,
Ni, and Au). A comparison between the calculated and observed Schottky barrier
heights (SBHs) suggests that many-electron effects are strongly suppressed in
channel 2D MoS2 due to a charge transfer. The extensively adopted energy band
calculation scheme fails to reproduce the observed SBHs in 2D MoS2-Sc
interface. By contrast, an ab initio quantum transport device simulation better
reproduces the observed SBH in the two types of contacts and highlights the
importance of a higher level theoretical approach beyond the energy band
calculation in the interface study. BL MoS2-metal contacts have a reduced SBH
than ML MoS2-metal contacts due to the interlayer coupling and thus have a
higher electron injection efficiency.Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, 3 table
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Tied to Rheumatoid Arthritis: Points to Ponder
In recent years, neutrophil extracellular traps at the forefront of neutrophil biology have proven to help capture and kill pathogens involved in the inflammatory process. There is growing evidence that persistent neutrophil extracellular traps drive the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this paper, we summarize the potential of neutrophil extracellular traps to drive the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and experimental animal models. We also describe the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in association with neutrophil extracellular traps
Self-rated health in middle-aged and elderly Chinese : distribution, determinants and associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors
Background: Self-rated health (SRH) has been demonstrated to be an accurate reflection of a person's health and a valid predictor of incident mortality and chronic morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the distribution and factors associated with SRH and its association with biomarkers of cardio-metabolic diseases among middle-aged and elderly Chinese.
Methods: Survey of 1,458 men and 1,831 women aged 50 to 70 years, conducted in one urban and two rural areas of Beijing and Shanghai in 2005. SRH status was measured and categorized as good (very good and good) vs. not good (fair, poor and very poor). Determinants of SRH and associations with biomarkers of cardio-metabolic diseases were evaluated using logistic regression.
Results: Thirty two percent of participants reported good SRH. Males and rural residents tended to report good SRH. After adjusting for potential confounders, residence, physical activity, employment status, sleep quality and presence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and depression were the main determinants of SRH. Those free from cardiovascular disease (OR 3.68; 95%CI 2.39; 5.66), rural residents (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.47; 2.43), non-depressed participants (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.67; 3.73) and those with good sleep quality (OR 2.95; 95% CI 2.22; 3.91) had almost twice or over the chance of reporting good SRH compared to their counterparts. There were significant associations -and trend- between SRH and levels of inflammatory markers, insulin levels and insulin resistance.
Conclusion: Only one third of middle-aged and elderly Chinese assessed their health status as good or very good. Although further longitudinal studies are required to confirm our findings, interventions targeting social inequalities, lifestyle patterns might not only contribute to prevent chronic morbidity but as well to improve populations' perceived health
LSDP5 Enhances Triglyceride Storage in Hepatocytes by Influencing Lipolysis and Fatty Acid β-Oxidation of Lipid Droplets
Lipid storage droplet protein 5 (LSDP5) is a lipid droplet-associated protein of the PAT (perilipin, adipophilin, and TIP47) family that is expressed in the liver in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)-dependent manner; however, its exact function has not been elucidated. We noticed that LSDP5 was localized to the surface of lipid droplets in hepatocytes. Overexpression of LSDP5 enhanced lipid accumulation in the hepatic cell line AML12 and in primary hepatocytes. Knock-down of LSDP5 significantly decreased the triglyceride content of lipid droplets, stimulated lipolysis, and modestly increased the mitochondrial content and level of fatty-acid β-oxidation in the mitochondria. The expression of PPARα was increased in LSDP5-deficient cells and required for the increase in the level of fatty acid β-oxidation in LSDP5-deficient cells. Using serial deletions of LSDP5, we determined that the lipid droplet-targeting domain and the domain directing lipid droplet clustering overlapped and were localized to the 188 amino acid residues at the N-terminus of LSDP5. Our findings suggest that LSDP5, a novel lipid droplet protein, may contribute to triglyceride accumulation by negatively regulating lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes
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