2,458 research outputs found
Robust beam splitter with fast quantum state transfer through a topological interface
The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model, commonly used for robust state
transfers through topologically protected edge pumping, has been generalized
and exploited to engineer diverse functional quantum devices. Here, we propose
to realize a fast topological beam splitter based on a generalized SSH model by
accelerating the quantum state transfer (QST) process essentially limited by
adiabatic requirements. The scheme involves delicate orchestration of the
instantaneous energy spectrum through exponential modulation of nearest
neighbor coupling strengths and onsite energies, yielding a significantly
accelerated beam splitting process. Due to properties of topological pumping
and accelerated QST, the beam splitter exhibits strong robustness against
parameter disorders and losses of system. In addition, the model demonstrates
good scalability and can be extended to two-dimensional crossed-chain
structures to realize a topological router with variable numbers of output
ports. Our work provides practical prospects for fast and robust topological
QST in feasible quantum devices in large-scale quantum information processing.Comment: To be published in Frontiers of Physic
ESMC: Entire Space Multi-Task Model for Post-Click Conversion Rate via Parameter Constraint
Large-scale online recommender system spreads all over the Internet being in
charge of two basic tasks: Click-Through Rate (CTR) and Post-Click Conversion
Rate (CVR) estimations. However, traditional CVR estimators suffer from
well-known Sample Selection Bias and Data Sparsity issues. Entire space models
were proposed to address the two issues via tracing the decision-making path of
"exposure_click_purchase". Further, some researchers observed that there are
purchase-related behaviors between click and purchase, which can better draw
the user's decision-making intention and improve the recommendation
performance. Thus, the decision-making path has been extended to
"exposure_click_in-shop action_purchase" and can be modeled with conditional
probability approach. Nevertheless, we observe that the chain rule of
conditional probability does not always hold. We report Probability Space
Confusion (PSC) issue and give a derivation of difference between ground-truth
and estimation mathematically. We propose a novel Entire Space Multi-Task Model
for Post-Click Conversion Rate via Parameter Constraint (ESMC) and two
alternatives: Entire Space Multi-Task Model with Siamese Network (ESMS) and
Entire Space Multi-Task Model in Global Domain (ESMG) to address the PSC issue.
Specifically, we handle "exposure_click_in-shop action" and "in-shop
action_purchase" separately in the light of characteristics of in-shop action.
The first path is still treated with conditional probability while the second
one is treated with parameter constraint strategy. Experiments on both offline
and online environments in a large-scale recommendation system illustrate the
superiority of our proposed methods over state-of-the-art models. The
real-world datasets will be released
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Modulating Linker Composition of Haptens Resulted in Improved Immunoassay for Histamine.
Histamine (HA) is an important food contaminant generated during food fermentation or spoilage. However, an immunoassay for direct (derivatization free) determination of HA has rarely been reported due to its small size to induce the desired antibodies by its current hapten-protein conjugates. In this work, despite violating the classical hapten design criteria which recommend introducing a linear aliphatic (phenyl free) linker into the immunizing hapten, a novel haptens, HA-245 designed and synthesized with a phenyl-contained linker, exhibited significantly enhanced immunological properties. Thus, a quality-improved monoclonal antibody (Mab) against HA was elicited by its hapten-carrier conjugates. Then, as the linear aliphatic linker contained haptens, Hapten B was used as linker-heterologous coating haptens to eliminate the recognition of linker antibodies. Indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) was developed with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.21 mg/L and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 mg/L in buffer solution. The average recoveries of HA from spiked food samples for this ic-ELISA ranged from 84.1% and 108.5%, and the analysis results agreed well with those of referenced LC-MS/MS. This investigation not only realized derivatization-free immunoassay for HA, but also provided a valuable guidance for hapten design and development of immunoassay for small molecules
EXAMINING KEY DRIVERS FOR ONLINE IMPULSE BUYING IN MALAYSIAN’S PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES STUDENTS
With the current growth of the internet, there are signs of e-commerce in Malaysia growing and booming, such as Lazada, Mudah.my, Shopee, and others. Malaysians have been increasingly reliant on the internet to obtain product details and to make purchases. This motivates e-commerce entrepreneurs to devise a new strategy for increasing sales by increasing the rate of online impulse purchases among visitors to online shopping platforms. The aim of this research is to look into the connection between key-driven and online impulse buying. The aim of this research is to create a framework that represents the main drivers of online impulse buying among Malaysian public universities. The study also addresses empirical results from a 303-respondent online survey conducted with SPSS version 22.0 and Smart-PLS version 3.0. The research paradigm is focused on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) Model, which includes online impulse buying as a dependent variable and three independent variables (Flow Experience, Perceived Usefulness, and Trust). Non-probability methods, judgement sampling, and convenience sampling were used to select respondents in this research, who ranged in age from 19 to over 30 years old and were university students in Malaysia. In addition, this research paves the way for future studies by identifying relevant online purchase platform providers and product categories to conduct a new study
Fast Generation of High-Fidelity Mechanical Non-Gaussian States via Additional Amplifier and Photon Subtraction
Non-Gaussian states (NGSs) with higher-order correlation properties have
wide-range applications in quantum information processing. However, the
preparation of such states with high quality still faces practical challenges.
Here, we propose a protocol to rapidly generate two types of mechanical NGSs,
Schr\"{o}dinger cat states and Fock states, in dissipative optomechanical
systems, even when the cooperativity is smaller than one
(). In contrast to the usual scheme of directly applying
non-Gaussian operations on the entangled optical mode, we show that an
additional phase-sensitive amplifier can accelerate the generation and also
precisely control the type of NGSs. Then, a principally deterministic
multi-photon subtraction induced by the Rydberg-blockade effect is adopted to
produce large-sized NGSs. The protocol can be implemented with state-of-the-art
experimental systems with close to unit fidelity. Moreover, it can also be
extended to generate a four-component cat state and provide new possibilities
for future quantum applications of NGSs.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Cost-effectiveness analysis of malaria rapid diagnostic test in the elimination setting
BACKGROUND: As more and more countries approaching the goal of malaria elimination, malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) was recomendated to be a diagnostic strategy to achieve and maintain the statute of malaria free, as it’s less requirments on equipment and experitise than microscopic examination. But there are very few economic evaluations to confirm whether RDT was cost-effective in the setting of malaria elimination. This research aimed to offer evidence for helping decision making on malaria diagnosis strategy. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted to compare RDT with microscopy examination for malaria diagnosis, by using a decision tree model. There were three strategies of malaria diagnostic testing evaluated in the model, 1) microscopy, 2) RDT, 3) RDT followed by microscopy. The effect indicator was defined as the number of malaria cases treated appropriately. Based on the joint perspective of health sector and patient, costs data were collected from hospital information systems, key informant interviews, and patient surveys. Data collection was conducted in Jiangsu from September 2018 to January 2019. Epidemiological data were obtained from local malaria surveillance reports. A hypothetical cohort of 300 000 febrile patients were simulated to calculate the total cost and effect of each strategy. One-way, two-way, and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed to test the robustness of the result. RESULTS: The results showed that RDT strategy was the most effective (245 cases) but also the most costly (United States Dollar [USD] 4.47 million) compared to using microscopy alone (238 cases, USD 3.63 million), and RDT followed by microscopy (221 cases, USD 2.75 million). There was no strategy dominated. One-way sensitivity analysis reflected that the result was sensitive to the change in labor cost and two-way sensitivity analysis indicated that the result was not sensitive to the proportion of falciparum malaria. The result of Monte Carlo simulation showed that RDT strategy had higher effects and higher cost than other strategies with a high probability. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to microscopy and RDT followed by microscopy, RDT strategy had higher effects and higher cost in the setting of malaria elimination
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High reward enhances perceptual learning.
Studies of perceptual learning have revealed a great deal of plasticity in adult humans. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects and mechanisms of several forms (trial-by-trial, block, and session rewards) and levels (no, low, high, subliminal) of monetary reward on the rate, magnitude, and generalizability of perceptual learning. We found that high monetary reward can greatly promote the rate and boost the magnitude of learning and enhance performance in untrained spatial frequencies and eye without changing interocular, interlocation, and interdirection transfer indices. High reward per se made unique contributions to the enhanced learning through improved internal noise reduction. Furthermore, the effects of high reward on perceptual learning occurred in a range of perceptual tasks. The results may have major implications for the understanding of the nature of the learning rule in perceptual learning and for the use of reward to enhance perceptual learning in practical applications
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