Distorsión de la percepción estereoscópica en casos de aniseiconía inducida

Objectius Els objectius d'aquest estudi van ser avaluar com afecta la inducció de diferents anisoiconies a la percepció estereoscòpica, així com comprovar que la ullera de Galileu és un mètode per induir-les, comparant les anisoiconies calculades teòricament amb les percebudes pels pacients. Mètodes Es va mesurar l’anisoiconia induïda per dos ulleres de Galileu, prèviament calculades, a 4 participants, mitjançant un PowerPoint anaglífic. Per avaluar la percepció de l'estímul, es va utilitzar el programa Estimuls3D, amb el qual es van mostrar 9 estímuls estereoscòpics diferents, i amb l'ajuda d'un punter el participant va indicar on els percebia. Mitjançant una anàlisi de regressió lineal es van comparar els resultats de la distorsió percebuda dels estímuls tridimensionals, en funció de la anisoiconia induïda. Resultats L’anisoiconia percebuda va ser menor en tots els casos que la calculada teòricament, sent la percebuda més gran quan l'augment es generava a l'ull dominat. Els resultats obtinguts amb el programa Estimuls3D, exceptuant el cas d’un participant, no concorden amb el que indica la teoria, encara que de forma general es va obtenir una distorsió de la percepció estereoscòpica. Conclusions La ullera de Galileu és un mètode vàlid per a la inducció d’anisoiconies, però no és la millor opció ja que l’anisoiconia induïda no es correspon amb la percebuda. Tot i això, s'ha pogut observar una distorsió en la percepció estereoscòpica quan s'indueix una anisoiconia.Objetivos Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar cómo afecta la inducción de diferentes aniseiconías a la percepción estereoscópica, así como comprobar que el anteojo de Galileo es un método para inducirlas, comparando las aniseicónicas calculadas teóricamente con las percibidas por los pacientes. Métodos Se midió la aniseiconía inducida por dos anteojos de Galileo, previamente calculados, a 4 participantes, mediante un PowerPoint anaglifo. Para evaluar la percepción del estímulo, se empleó el programa Estimuls3D, con el que se mostraron 9 estímulos estereoscópicos diferentes, y con la ayuda de un puntero el participante indicó dónde los percibía. Mediante un análisis de regresión lineal se compararon los resultados de la distorsión percibida de los estímulos tridimensionales, en función de la aniseiconía inducida. Resultados La aniseiconía percibida fue menor en todos los casos que la calculada teóricamente, siendo la percibida mayor cuando el aumento se generaba en el ojo dominado. Los resultados obtenidos del programa Estimuls3D, exceptuando a un participante, no concuerdan con lo que indica la teoría, aunque de forma general se obtuvo una distorsión de la percepción estereoscópica. Conclusiones El anteojo de Galileo es un método valido para la inducción de aniseiconías, pero no es la mejor opción ya que la aniseiconía inducida no se corresponde con la percibida. A pesar de esto, se ha podido observar una distorsión en la percepción estereoscópica cuando se induce una aniseiconía.Purpose The main purpose of this project was to study the effect induced aniseikonia has on the stereoscopic perception, as well as, to prove that the Galilean telescope can be used to cause them by comparing the theoretically calculated aniseikonia with the ones perceived by the participants. Method Aniseikonia was induced to 4 participants by two different Galilean telescopes, previously calculated, and was measured by an anaglyph PowerPoint. To evaluate the perception of the stimuli, a program called Estimuls3D was used, where 9 different stereoscopic stimuli were shown and the participant, with the help of a pointer, had to indicate where he/she was seeing the stimuli. Through a linear regression analysis, the results of the perceived distortion of the three-dimensional stimuli were compared, as a function of the induced aniseikonia. Results The perceived aniseikonia was smaller than the theoretically calculated in all the cases, being the perceived one higher when the increased image was generated in the non-dominant eye. The results obtained from the program Estimuls3D, except for the ones from one of the participants, do not coincide with what would have been expected according to the literature. Nonetheless, the results reveal a distortion of the stereoscopic perception in cases of induced aniseikonia. Conclusions These results show that the Galilean telescope is a valid method to induce aniseikonia. Nevertheless, it is not the best option since the induced aniseikonia does not correspond to the perceived one. Despite this, it has been found a distortion of the stereoscopic perception when an aniseikonia has been induced

Influencia del ajuste diádico sobre el estado de salud familiar. Percepción de las parejas de familias nucleares de Sevilla.

Se ha determinado la influencia del ajuste diádico en el estado de salud familiar sobre una muestra de 369 familias nucleares de la provincia de Sevilla, a través de un diseño observacional, correlacional, analítico, de corte transversal. Para ello, las familias respondieron a la Escala de Autopercepción del Estado de Salud Familiar, a la Versión breve de la escala de Ajuste Diádico, a la escala de Reajuste Social y al cuestionario de Apoyo Social Percibido. Empleando los programas estadísticos SPSS 18.0 y R 3.1.2., se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariante, se probaron dos modelos mediante análisis de regresión univariante y multivariante, y se calcularon los tamaños del efecto mediante r, considerándose pequeño entre 0,10 y 0,30, moderado entre 0,30 y 0,50 y grande para mayores de 0,50. Se calcularon los tamaños del efecto mediante la R2 ajustada para los modelos, considerando que este era bajo=0,01, medio=0,06 y grande=0,14. Se tuvieron en cuenta los supuestos de linealidad, homocedasticidad, normalidad y no-colinealidad y se rechazó la hipótesis nula con una p<0,05. El encuestado principal era mayoritariamente mujer (N=254, 68,8%), con edad media de 46 años+13,57 y con 22 años+14,96 de media de convivencia de pareja. Se demuestran correlaciones significativas con alto tamaño de efecto entre la salud familiar y el ajuste diádico. Según los modelos analizados, el ajuste diádico está influenciado por el nivel de estudios, el tiempo de convivencia, el número de miembros de la unidad familiar, la existencia de hijos, la etapa del ciclo vital, la transición y el apoyo social (R2ajustada= 21, p=0,000). La salud familiar viene determinada por el ajuste diádico, el sexo, nivel de estudios, tipo de población, apoyo social percibido y acontecimientos vitales estresantes (R2ajustada= 0,32, p=0,000). Ambos modelos son parsimoniosos, cumplen con los criterios pertinentes y permiten confirmar la hipótesis de estudio

Development of a Preclinical Therapeutic Model of Human Brain Metastasis with Chemoradiotherapy

Currently, survival of breast cancer patients with brain metastasis ranges from 2 to 16 months. In experimental brain metastasis studies, only 10% of lesions with the highest permeability exhibited cytotoxic responses to paclitaxel or doxorubicin. Therefore, radiation is the most frequently used treatment, and sensitizing agents, which synergize with radiation, can improve the efficacy of the therapy. In this study we used 435-Br1 cells containing the fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene and the photinus luciferase (PLuc) gene to develop a new brain metastatic cell model in mice through five in vivo/in vitro rounds. BR-eGFP-CMV/Luc-V5 brain metastatic cells induce parenchymal brain metastasis within 60.8 +/- 13.8 days of intracarotid injection in all mice. We used this model to standardize a preclinical chemoradiotherapy protocol comprising three 5.5 Gy fractions delivered on consecutive days (overall dose of 16.5 Gy) which improved survival with regard to controls (60.29 +/- 8.65 vs. 47.20 +/- 11.14). Moreover, the combination of radiotherapy with temozolomide, 60 mg/Kg/day orally for five consecutive days doubled survival time of the mice 121.56 +/- 52.53 days (Kaplan-Meier Curve, p < 0.001). This new preclinical chemoradiotherapy protocol proved useful for the study of radiation response/resistance in brain metastasis, either alone or in combination with new sensitizing agents

Systematic Review of the Relationship between Couple Dyadic Adjustment and Family Health

The importance of family functioning in the development of child and adult psychopathology has been widely studied. However, the relationship between partners’ adjustment and family health is less studied. This paper aims to describe and summarize research that analyzes the relationship between partners’ adjustment and family health. A systematic review was conducted in the PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Lilacs, Psicodoc, Cinahl, and Jstor databases. Inclusion criteria were as follows: articles published from 2012 to 2019 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Data were extracted and organized according to the family health model: family climate, integrity, functioning, and coping. Initially, 835 references were identified, and 24 articles were assessed for quality appraisal. Finally, 20 publications were selected. Results showed that couple adjustment was an important factor that triggered the emotional climate of the family, was positively intercorrelated to parenting alliance or coparenting, and contributed to family efficacy and help when facing stressful life events. Findings revealed a consensus about the relationship between couple dyadic adjustment and family health. The results could orientate interventions to promote well-being and to increase quality of life and family strength. Health professionals should thoroughly study couple relationships to identify risk factors, assess family skills, and promote family health

Analysis of Prehospital Care of Migrants Who Arrive Intermittently at the Coasts of Southern Spain

The aim of this study is to identify the sociodemographic characteristics and the most frequent diseases and nursing interventions carried out on migrants arriving by sea at southern Spain. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the database of the Spanish Red Cross Intervention Activation System. All migrants who arrived on the coasts of a southern province during 2016 and were assisted by the Red Cross were included. Results: A total of 2027 people were registered, mostly males, aged between 18 and 40 years. Of these, 4.9% required healthcare, and 2.9% were referred to hospital. Highlighted diagnoses were headaches (15.6%), pregnancy (12.8%), and lower-limb wounds (6.4%), and outstanding nursing interventions were “care of wounds” (24.7%), “pain management” (21.9%), and “prenatal care” (15.2%). Statistically significant relationships were found between the diagnosed diseases and gender, geographic area of origin, and seasonal time of the year, as well as between nursing interventions performed and those three variables. Conclusions: Although in general, a good health condition was observed in most of the migrants treated, the most frequent health situations attended were related to dermatological, gynecological, and headache problems. The most performed nursing interventions were related to skin/wound care and promotion of physical comfort, requiring a low need for hospital transfers. Female gender, origin from sub-Saharan Africa and arrival in the summer period carry a greater risk of suffering health problems when migrants reach Spanish coast

Anxiety and Perceived Risk in Red Cross Volunteer Personnel Facing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

In the current situation of sanitary emergencies, humanitarian organizations and their volunteers are playing an important role in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A study is proposed that includes a network of volunteers who perform humanitarian activities during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess anxiety, perceived risk, and response behaviors and to explore their relationship with sociodemographic variables. For data collection, an online questionnaire was developed through the Google Forms® platform, where the perceived risk, anxiety, and behavioral responses of the general population to the Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic were assessed. The survey presented is a modified version of that survey adapted for COVID-19. This adaptation was endorsed by an experts committee made up of the health chief of the Ecuadorian Red Cross, the focus point of operations from the International Federation of the Red Cross in Ecuador, and a member from the Health Unit of the Americas Regional Office of the International Federation of the Red Cross. A significant relationship has been shown between the job situation and perceived risk and anxiety, being the staff who worked full time away from home, which was exposed to greater risk and anxiety. Both perceived risk and perceived anxiety are very high (according to a 5-point Likert scale). Knowing these data from this first-line personnel will allow adopting measures that could be beneficial for stress management and, therefore, contribute to the well-being and support of these humanitarian and volunteer organizations in the worldwide response to COVID-1 9

Relationship between family variables and conjugal adjustment

Objetivo Analizar si las variables familiares tales como tipo de relación de pareja, años de matrimonio, existencia de hijos, número de miembros de la unidad familiar, etapas del ciclo vital familiar, transición entre etapas, apoyo social percibido y/o acontecimientos vitales estresantes se relacionan con el ajuste conyugal. Diseño Estudio transversal y correlacional mediante encuestas. Emplazamiento Consultas de atención primaria y unidades de hospitalización de los centros seleccionados de la provincia de Sevilla, España. Participantes Muestra consecutiva estratificada por cuotas de 369 parejas, mayores de 18 años, heterosexuales, que mantenían una relación de pareja, con o sin hijos, residentes en Sevilla. Mediciones principales Se emplea cuestionario autoadministrado con las variables sociodemográficas y las escalas Versión Breve de la Escala de Ajuste Diádico, Cuestionario de MOS de Apoyo Social Percibido y Escala de Reajuste Social. Se realizó análisis descriptivo e inferencial con estadísticos de correlación y regresión multivariante. Resultados Relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el ajuste conyugal y los años de matrimonio (r = −0,10; p < 0,05), la etapa del ciclo vital familiar (F = 2,65; p < 0,05), la transición entre etapas (rpb = 0,11; p < 0,05) y el apoyo social percibido (r = 0,44; p < 0,001). El modelo de regresión mostró la capacidad predictiva del apoyo social percibido y etapa del ciclo vital familiar (etapa madura-anciana) sobre el ajuste conyugal (R2 = 0,21; F = 9,9; DF = 356; p < 0,001). Conclusiones Desde atención primaria, se puede valorar a las parejas, ofrecer recursos y proporcionar apoyo. También pueden identificarse variables que ayuden a mejorar la relación conyugal.Objective To determine whether family variables, such as type of relationship, years of marriage, existence of offspring, number of members of family, stage of family life cycle, transition between stages, perceived social support, and/or stressful life events are related to conjugal adjustment. Design A cross-sectional and correlational study using questionnaires. Location Primary care and hospital units of selected centres in the province of Seville, Spain. Participants Consecutive stratified sampling by quotas of 369 heterosexual couples over 18 years of age, who maintained a relationship, with or without children, living in Seville. Main measurements A self-report questionnaire for the sociodemographic variables, and the abbreviated version of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Questionnaire MOS Perceived Social Support, and Social Readjustment Rating Scale, were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with correlation analysis and multivariate regression. Results Statistically significant associations were found between conjugal adjustment and marriage years (r = −10: P < .05), stage of family life cycle (F = 2.65; P < .05), the transition between stages (RPB = .11; P < .05) and perceived social support (r = .44; P < .001). The regression model showed the predictive power of perceived social support and the family life cycle stage (mature-aged stage) on conjugal adjustment (R2 = .21; F = 9.9; df = 356; P < .001). Conclusions Couples may be assessed from Primary Care and be provide with resources and support. In addition, it can identify variables that may help improve the conjugal relationship

Caring behaviours demonstrated to nursing students in the interpersonal relation with the faculty: A cross sectional study

Background: Nursing students need to experience caring in their educational environment in order to learn how to care for the patients. Objective: The present study describes the caring model demonstrated by the faculty to the nursing students through their behaviours, from the perspective of both students and faculty members. Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study was conducted. Participants: The sample included 286 students and faculty members. Methods: The Nursing Students’ Perceptions of Instructor Caring assessing tool was used to gather the data. Results: After analysing 676 questionnaires, it was revealed a moderately high level of caring perceived by the students. The most appreciated dimension was control versus flexibility, reporting a mean value of 82.29 and a confidence interval from 81.14 to 83.44, and the least valued was appreciation of life’s meanings, reporting a mean value of 63.90 and a confidence interval from 62.20 to 65.60. The students’ perception of the care demonstrated by the faculty was significantly lower than the care that the latter believed to transmit in all dimensions (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The caring perceived by the student was expressed through behaviours that inspired confidence in them, promoted a climate of learning and support, helped them to recognise the meaning of life, showed them flexibility and fostered their professional autonomy. The findings of this study can help to improve nursing education by providing a view of the interpersonal relations that the students established during their training with the faculty.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The relationship between mindfulness and emotional intelligence as a protective factor for healthcare professionals: systematic review

Emotional intelligence is an essential trait and skill for healthcare professionals. Mind fulness meditation has proved to be effective in increasing the wellbeing of those who practice it, leading to better mental health, self-care and job satisfaction. This paper aims to identify the recent evidence on the relationship between mindfulness and emotional intelligence among healthcare professionals and students. A systematic review was conducted including the databases PubMed, Cinhal, PsycINFO and Web of Science. The main variables were emotional intelligence skills and mindfulness practice. Data were extracted according to the following outcomes: authors, year of publication, country, study design, participants, mindfulness training intervention, tools used in data collection and main results. The following inclusion criteria were applied: peer-reviewed articles; published in English or Spanish; published between 2010 and 2020; quantitative methodology; a study population of healthcare professionals or students; the relationship with the aim of the study. The Joanna Briggs Institute criteria were followed for assessing the methodological quality of the selected studies. Three researchers were involved in the review. After the selection process, 10 studies were selected out of the 197 references initially identified. These studies revealed a positive relation ship between mindfulness and emotional intelligence, particularly the capacity to regulate emotions. Furthermore, mindfulness is negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Training interventions based on mindfulness have proved to be useful in promoting emotional balance, emotional awareness, emotional acceptance, emotion recognition, expressive suppression and a reduction in emotional exhaustion. This study could serve as a basis for further research on the benefits of emotional intelligence and practicing mindfulness for the bio-psycho-social welfare of healthcare professionals

Influence of Personality Traits and Its Interaction with the Phenomenon of Bullying: Multi-Centre Descriptive Study

Bullying affects thousands of teenagers worldwide and has devastating consequences. Various studies suggest that the personality of teenagers is a risk profile for bullying. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the personality of teenagers aged 14 to 16 years from three education centres located in the province of Seville (Spain) and bullying in any of its victim or aggressor roles. A multi-centre cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted in three education centres in the province of Seville (Spain). The sample consisted of 93 students. In order to measure the two main variables, the Bull-S test was used for bullying, and the EPQ-J questionnaire was used for personality traits. A descriptive and correlation analysis was performed between variables. The results showed that 14% (n = 13) of the sample were detected as victims and another 14% (n = 13) were detected as aggressors. Statistically significant differences were found between neuroticism (p = 0.044; Phi = 0.615), sincerity (p = 0.016; V de Cramer = 0.474), and anti-social behaviour (p = 0.007; Phi = 0.620) with the variables victim/aggressor. Bullies are typically males who score high on neuroticism and anti-social behaviour, with a tendency towards social dissimulation