6 research outputs found
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Exploring genetic associations with ceRNA regulation in the human genome
Abstract Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are RNA molecules that sequester shared microRNAs (miRNAs) thereby affecting the expression of other targets of the miRNAs. Whether genetic variants in ceRNA can affect its biological function and disease development is still an open question. Here we identified a large number of genetic variants that are associated with ceRNA's function using Geuvaids RNA-seq data for 462 individuals from the 1000 Genomes Project. We call these loci competing endogenous RNA expression quantitative trait loci or ‘cerQTL’, and found that a large number of them were unexplored in conventional eQTL mapping. We identified many cerQTLs that have undergone recent positive selection in different human populations, and showed that single nucleotide polymorphisms in gene 3΄UTRs at the miRNA seed binding regions can simultaneously regulate gene expression changes in both cis and trans by the ceRNA mechanism. We also discovered that cerQTLs are significantly enriched in traits/diseases associated variants reported from genome-wide association studies in the miRNA binding sites, suggesting that disease susceptibilities could be attributed to ceRNA regulation. Further in vitro functional experiments demonstrated that a cerQTL rs11540855 can regulate ceRNA function. These results provide a comprehensive catalog of functional non-coding regulatory variants that may be responsible for ceRNA crosstalk at the post-transcriptional level
Behavioral differences of individuals with different self-regulation levels in a real-life example of teamwork-DOTA 2
Teamwork is a vital aspect of human life, including a set of concrete behaviors which could be divided into various categories such as task performance, job dedication, backing up behavior, and monitoring. As an essential psychological factor could form team members to adapt to environmental changes, self-regulation has a marked impact on teamwork results. However, why self-regulation could affect results of teamwork in real life and how self-regulation influence the concrete teamwork behaviors remains unclear. This study recorded and extracted participants' detailed gaming behaviors in Defense of the Ancients 2 (DOTA 2), which is an example of real-life teamwork scenario. The sample consisted of 59 DOTA 2 players with relative low-level self-regulation (93.22% male) and 59 with relative high-level self-regulation (96.61% male). Controlling confounding factors, we explored behavioral differences between the two groups in different types of heroes. Results showed that self-regulation influenced specific gaming behaviors including the categories of task performance, job dedication, and backing up behavior, but not including monitoring. Additionally, these impacts of self-regulation varied by hero type. These results demonstrate the different impacts of self-regulation on different categories of teamwork behaviors, and these impacts are considerably determined by individual's role in the team. These findings shed light on the mechanism of the teamwork performance improvement caused by self-regulation and provide new insights into understanding the different impact patterns of self-regulation in different real-life tasks and responsibilities
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Spontaneous Internal Electric Field in Heterojunction Boosts Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries: Theory, Experiment, and Application.
Heterojunctions are a promising class of materials for high-efficiency bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts in both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the conventional theories fail to explain why many catalysts behave differently in ORR and OER, despite a reversible path (* O2 ⇋* OOH⇋* O⇋* OH). This study proposes the electron-/hole-rich catalytic center theory (e/h-CCT) to supplement the existing theories, it suggests that the Fermi level of catalysts determines the direction of electron transfer, which affects the direction of the oxidation/reduction reaction, and the density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level determines the accessibility for injecting electrons and holes. Additionally, heterojunctions with different Fermi levels form electron-/hole-rich catalytic centers near the Fermi levels to promote ORR/OER, respectively. To verify the universality of the e/h-CCT theory, this study reveals the randomly synthesized heterostructural Fe3 N-FeN0.0324 (Fex N@PC with DFT calculations and electrochemical tests. The results show that the heterostructural F3 N-FeN0.0324 facilitates the catalytic activities for ORR and OER simultaneously by forming an internal electron-/hole-rich interface. The rechargeable ZABs with Fex N@PC cathode display a high open circuit potential of 1.504 V, high power density of 223.67 mW cm-2 , high specific capacity of 766.20 mAh g-1 at 5 mA cm-2 , and excellent stability for over 300 h