Risk assessment of failure during transitioning from in-centre to home haemodialysis

Background: Introducing a de-novo home haemodialysis (HHD) program often raises safety concerns as errors could potentially lead to serious adverse events. Despite the complexity of performing haemodialysis at home without the supervision of healthcare staff, HHD has a good safety record. We aim to pre-emptively identify and reduce the risks to our new HHD program by risk assessment and using failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) to identify potential defects in the design and planning of HHD. Methods: We performed a general risk assessment of failure during transitioning from in-centre to HHD with a failure mode and effects analysis focused on the highest areas of failure. We collaborated with key team members from a well-established HHD program and one HHD patient. Risk assessment was conducted separately and then through video conference meetings for joint deliberation. We listed all key processes, sub-processes, step and then identified failure mode by scoring based on risk priority numbers. Solutions were then designed to eliminate and mitigate risk. Results: Transitioning to HHD was found to have the highest risk of failure with 3 main processes and 34 steps. We identified a total of 59 areas with potential failures. The median and mean risk priority number (RPN) scores from failure mode effect analysis were 5 and 38, with the highest RPN related to vascular access at 256. As many failure modes with high RPN scores were related to vascular access, we focussed on FMEA by identifying the risk mitigation strategies and possible solutions in all 9 areas in access-related medical emergencies in a bundled- approach. We discussed, the risk reduction areas of setting up HHD and how to address incidents that occurred and those not preventable. Conclusions: We developed a safety framework for a de-novo HHD program by performing FMEA in high-risk areas. The involvement of two teams with different clinical experience for HHD allowed us to successfully pre-emptively identify risks and develop solutions

1st Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 2023: Challenge Results

The 1$^{\text{st}}$ Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 2023 focused on maritime computer vision for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV), and organized several subchallenges in this domain: (i) UAV-based Maritime Object Detection, (ii) UAV-based Maritime Object Tracking, (iii) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Segmentation and (iv) USV-based Maritime Obstacle Detection. The subchallenges were based on the SeaDronesSee and MODS benchmarks. This report summarizes the main findings of the individual subchallenges and introduces a new benchmark, called SeaDronesSee Object Detection v2, which extends the previous benchmark by including more classes and footage. We provide statistical and qualitative analyses, and assess trends in the best-performing methodologies of over 130 submissions. The methods are summarized in the appendix. The datasets, evaluation code and the leaderboard are publicly available at https://seadronessee.cs.uni-tuebingen.de/macvi.Comment: MaCVi 2023 was part of WACV 2023. This report (38 pages) discusses the competition as part of MaCV

La chimie des carbohydrates en milieu aqueux et dans des solvants bio-sourcés : Utilisation du glycosyloxyméthyl furfural (GMF) et analogues dans la réaction de Baylis-Hillman

This thesis is an exploration of the use of biosourced furanic aldehydes, namely hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and analogues, as a substrate for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction. The scope of the reaction has been explored, with a focus on the possibility to perform the reaction in aqueous or biobased medium. First, the MBH reaction of the glucosyloxymethylfurfural (GMF) with acrylic building blocks has been explored, led to two new series of glycoderivatives containing α-hydroxyacrylates and α-methylene-β-amino acrylates in fair yields. For the coupling reaction which produces the α-hydroxyacrylates, water can be used as the solvent. Mixtures of water and dimethylisosorbide (DMI) have also been shown to be possibly used in the reactions, allowing replacement of dioxane or THF compared to previous methods. The strategy is atom-economical. Due to the fact that those acrylic esters are also available from biomass, such kind of glycoacrylates appears as possibly 100% bio-based. The aza-MBH version of the reaction was further explored, studying the reaction involving the three components GMF, sulfonamides and a Micheal acceptor, leading to carbohydrate-based α-methylene-β-amino carbonyl derivatives. The focus was then made on HMF itself. Several biobased solvents, in particular 2-hydroxymethyl THF and isopropylideneglycerol, could be used for the MBH reaction of HMF and ethyl acrylate. For HMF and furfural, the reaction was improved when water was added allowing to widen the range of biobased solvent systems. We have also found that the bicyclic imidazolyl alcohol DPI is an efficient catalyst for the aqueous MBH reaction between HMF, furfural, GMF, and cyclic enones that gives access to a variety of potentially very useful molecules in an efficient and environmentally friendly way.Cette thèse est une exploration de l’utilisation d’aldéhydes furaniques biosourcés, tels que l’hydroxyméthyl furfural (HMF) et ses analogues, en tant que substrat pour la réaction de Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH). L’étendue de la réaction a été étudiée avec un focus sur la possibilité d’utiliser des milieux aqueux et biosourcés pour effectuer cette transformation. En premier lieu, l’étude a concerné la réaction de MBH du glycosyloxyméthylfurfural (GFM) avec des motifs acryliques, conduisant dans des rendements acceptables à de nouveaux glycodérivés porteurs de motifs α-hydroxyacrylates and α-méthylène-β-amino acrylates. Pour les réactions conduisant aux α-hydroxyacrylates, l’eau peut être utilisée comme solvant, de même que des mélanges d’eau et de diméthylisosorbide (DMI), remplaçant ainsi efficacement le dioxane ou le THF comparativement aux méthodes habituellement employées. Les esters acryliques de départ pouvant être eux-mêmes biosourcés, les glycoacrylates obtenus par la réaction MBH sont donc potentiellement 100% biosourcés. La version aza-MBH de la réaction a été ensuite explorée, associant 3 composants: le GMF, une sulfonamide et un accepteur de Micheal, conduisant à de nouveaux α-méthylène-b-amino carbonyl dérivatives construits sur un motif glucidique. L’étude s’est ensuite focalisée sur le HMF lui-même. Plusieurs solvants biosourcés, en particulier le 2-hydroxymethyl THF et l’isopropylidénéglycerol, se sont révélés efficaces pour la réaction de MBH du HMF avec l’acrylate d’éthyle. Pour le HMF et le furfural, la réaction est améliorée si de l’eau est ajoutée; ce qui permet d’étendre la gamme de solvants biosourcés pouvant être utilisée dans ce processus. Il a aussi été montré que l’imidazolyl alcool bicyclique DPI est un catalyseur très efficace pour la réaction MBH du HMF, du furfural ou du GMF avec des énones cycliques, conduisant à une diversité de nouvelles structures par une voie écorespectueuse et efficacement

Carbohydrate chemistry in aqueous and bio-based solvents : Exploring the use of glycosyloxymethyl furfural (GMF) and analogues in the Baylis-Hillman reaction

Cette thèse est une exploration de l’utilisation d’aldéhydes furaniques biosourcés, tels que l’hydroxyméthyl furfural (HMF) et ses analogues, en tant que substrat pour la réaction de Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH). L’étendue de la réaction a été étudiée avec un focus sur la possibilité d’utiliser des milieux aqueux et biosourcés pour effectuer cette transformation. En premier lieu, l’étude a concerné la réaction de MBH du glycosyloxyméthylfurfural (GFM) avec des motifs acryliques, conduisant dans des rendements acceptables à de nouveaux glycodérivés porteurs de motifs α-hydroxyacrylates and α-méthylène-β-amino acrylates. Pour les réactions conduisant aux α-hydroxyacrylates, l’eau peut être utilisée comme solvant, de même que des mélanges d’eau et de diméthylisosorbide (DMI), remplaçant ainsi efficacement le dioxane ou le THF comparativement aux méthodes habituellement employées. Les esters acryliques de départ pouvant être eux-mêmes biosourcés, les glycoacrylates obtenus par la réaction MBH sont donc potentiellement 100% biosourcés. La version aza-MBH de la réaction a été ensuite explorée, associant 3 composants: le GMF, une sulfonamide et un accepteur de Micheal, conduisant à de nouveaux α-méthylène-b-amino carbonyl dérivatives construits sur un motif glucidique. L’étude s’est ensuite focalisée sur le HMF lui-même. Plusieurs solvants biosourcés, en particulier le 2-hydroxymethyl THF et l’isopropylidénéglycerol, se sont révélés efficaces pour la réaction de MBH du HMF avec l’acrylate d’éthyle. Pour le HMF et le furfural, la réaction est améliorée si de l’eau est ajoutée; ce qui permet d’étendre la gamme de solvants biosourcés pouvant être utilisée dans ce processus. Il a aussi été montré que l’imidazolyl alcool bicyclique DPI est un catalyseur très efficace pour la réaction MBH du HMF, du furfural ou du GMF avec des énones cycliques, conduisant à une diversité de nouvelles structures par une voie écorespectueuse et efficacement.This thesis is an exploration of the use of biosourced furanic aldehydes, namely hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and analogues, as a substrate for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction. The scope of the reaction has been explored, with a focus on the possibility to perform the reaction in aqueous or biobased medium. First, the MBH reaction of the glucosyloxymethylfurfural (GMF) with acrylic building blocks has been explored, led to two new series of glycoderivatives containing α-hydroxyacrylates and α-methylene-β-amino acrylates in fair yields. For the coupling reaction which produces the α-hydroxyacrylates, water can be used as the solvent. Mixtures of water and dimethylisosorbide (DMI) have also been shown to be possibly used in the reactions, allowing replacement of dioxane or THF compared to previous methods. The strategy is atom-economical. Due to the fact that those acrylic esters are also available from biomass, such kind of glycoacrylates appears as possibly 100% bio-based. The aza-MBH version of the reaction was further explored, studying the reaction involving the three components GMF, sulfonamides and a Micheal acceptor, leading to carbohydrate-based α-methylene-β-amino carbonyl derivatives. The focus was then made on HMF itself. Several biobased solvents, in particular 2-hydroxymethyl THF and isopropylideneglycerol, could be used for the MBH reaction of HMF and ethyl acrylate. For HMF and furfural, the reaction was improved when water was added allowing to widen the range of biobased solvent systems. We have also found that the bicyclic imidazolyl alcohol DPI is an efficient catalyst for the aqueous MBH reaction between HMF, furfural, GMF, and cyclic enones that gives access to a variety of potentially very useful molecules in an efficient and environmentally friendly way

La chimie des carbohydrates en milieu aqueux et dans des solvants bio-sourcés : Utilisation du glycosyloxyméthyl furfural (GMF) et analogues dans la réaction de Baylis-Hillman

This thesis is an exploration of the use of biosourced furanic aldehydes, namely hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and analogues, as a substrate for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction. The scope of the reaction has been explored, with a focus on the possibility to perform the reaction in aqueous or biobased medium. First, the MBH reaction of the glucosyloxymethylfurfural (GMF) with acrylic building blocks has been explored, led to two new series of glycoderivatives containing α-hydroxyacrylates and α-methylene-β-amino acrylates in fair yields. For the coupling reaction which produces the α-hydroxyacrylates, water can be used as the solvent. Mixtures of water and dimethylisosorbide (DMI) have also been shown to be possibly used in the reactions, allowing replacement of dioxane or THF compared to previous methods. The strategy is atom-economical. Due to the fact that those acrylic esters are also available from biomass, such kind of glycoacrylates appears as possibly 100% bio-based. The aza-MBH version of the reaction was further explored, studying the reaction involving the three components GMF, sulfonamides and a Micheal acceptor, leading to carbohydrate-based α-methylene-β-amino carbonyl derivatives. The focus was then made on HMF itself. Several biobased solvents, in particular 2-hydroxymethyl THF and isopropylideneglycerol, could be used for the MBH reaction of HMF and ethyl acrylate. For HMF and furfural, the reaction was improved when water was added allowing to widen the range of biobased solvent systems. We have also found that the bicyclic imidazolyl alcohol DPI is an efficient catalyst for the aqueous MBH reaction between HMF, furfural, GMF, and cyclic enones that gives access to a variety of potentially very useful molecules in an efficient and environmentally friendly way.Cette thèse est une exploration de l’utilisation d’aldéhydes furaniques biosourcés, tels que l’hydroxyméthyl furfural (HMF) et ses analogues, en tant que substrat pour la réaction de Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH). L’étendue de la réaction a été étudiée avec un focus sur la possibilité d’utiliser des milieux aqueux et biosourcés pour effectuer cette transformation. En premier lieu, l’étude a concerné la réaction de MBH du glycosyloxyméthylfurfural (GFM) avec des motifs acryliques, conduisant dans des rendements acceptables à de nouveaux glycodérivés porteurs de motifs α-hydroxyacrylates and α-méthylène-β-amino acrylates. Pour les réactions conduisant aux α-hydroxyacrylates, l’eau peut être utilisée comme solvant, de même que des mélanges d’eau et de diméthylisosorbide (DMI), remplaçant ainsi efficacement le dioxane ou le THF comparativement aux méthodes habituellement employées. Les esters acryliques de départ pouvant être eux-mêmes biosourcés, les glycoacrylates obtenus par la réaction MBH sont donc potentiellement 100% biosourcés. La version aza-MBH de la réaction a été ensuite explorée, associant 3 composants: le GMF, une sulfonamide et un accepteur de Micheal, conduisant à de nouveaux α-méthylène-b-amino carbonyl dérivatives construits sur un motif glucidique. L’étude s’est ensuite focalisée sur le HMF lui-même. Plusieurs solvants biosourcés, en particulier le 2-hydroxymethyl THF et l’isopropylidénéglycerol, se sont révélés efficaces pour la réaction de MBH du HMF avec l’acrylate d’éthyle. Pour le HMF et le furfural, la réaction est améliorée si de l’eau est ajoutée; ce qui permet d’étendre la gamme de solvants biosourcés pouvant être utilisée dans ce processus. Il a aussi été montré que l’imidazolyl alcool bicyclique DPI est un catalyseur très efficace pour la réaction MBH du HMF, du furfural ou du GMF avec des énones cycliques, conduisant à une diversité de nouvelles structures par une voie écorespectueuse et efficacement

Bio-based solvents for the Baylis–Hillman reaction of HMF

International audienc

HMF derivatives as platform molecules: aqueous Baylis–Hillman reaction of glucosyloxymethyl-furfural towards new biobased acrylates

International audienc

Glycosyloxymethylfurfural (GMF) in Multicomponent Aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction: Rapid Access to Highly Functionalized Carbohydrate Scaffolds

International audienc

A Fast and Cost-Effective Detection of Melamine by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using a Novel Hydrogen Bonding-Assisted Supramolecular Matrix and Gold-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles

A fast and cost-effective melamine detection approach has been developed based on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using a novel hydrogen bonding-assisted supramolecular matrix. The detection utilizes Fe3O4/Au magnetic nanoparticles coated with 5-aminoorotic acid (AOA) as a SERS active substrate (Fe3O4/Au–AOA), and Rhodamine B (RhB) conjugated AOA as a Raman reporter (AOA–RhB). Upon mixing the reagents with melamine, a supramolecular complex [Fe3O4/Au–AOA•••melamine•••AOA–RhB] was formed due to the strong multiple hydrogen bonding interactions between AOA and melamine. The complex was separated and concentrated to a pellet by an external magnet and used as a supramolecular matrix for the melamine detection. Laser excitation of the complex pellet produced a strong SERS signal diagnostic for RhB. The logarithmic intensity of the characteristic RhB peaks was found to be proportional to the concentration of melamine with a limit of detection of 2.5 µg/mL and a detection linearity range of 2.5~15.0 µg/mL in milk. As Fe3O4 nanoparticles and AOA are thousands of times less expensive than the monoclonal antibody used in a traditional sandwich immunoassay, the current assay drastically cut down the cost of melamine detection. The current approach affords promise as a biosensor platform that cuts down sample pre-treatment steps and measurement expense