Additive-Controlled Divergent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Enynes and Alkynylated 3H-Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-3-ones via Rhodium Catalysis

Herein, we report the additive-controlled divergent synthesis of tetrasubstituted 1,3-enynes and alkynylated 3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-3-ones through rhodium-catalyzed C-H alkenylation/DG migration and [3+2] annulation, respectively. This protocol features rare directing group migration in 1,3-diyne-involved C-H activation, excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, excellent monofunctionalization over difunctionalization, broad substrate scope, moderate to high yields, good functional group compatibility, and mild redox-neutral conditions

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C–H Alkenylation/Directing Group Migration for the Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes

An efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H alkenylation/directing group migration cascade between indoles and alkynes for the assembly of tetrasubstituted alkenes is reported. The carbamoyl directing group migrates to the carbon of the alkene moiety of the products through rare Rh-catalyzed C-N bond cleavage after the C-H alkenylation step and thus acts as an internal amidation reagent. This protocol shows broad substrate scope, excellent regio/stereoselectivity, and good to excellent yields

HLA-DPB1 and HLA Class I Confer Risk of and Protection from Narcolepsy

Correction: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS Volume: 96 Issue: 5 Pages: 852-852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.04.001 Published:MAY 7 2015Peer reviewe

Household, community, sub-national and country-level predictors of primary cooking fuel switching in nine countries from the PURE study

Introduction. Switchingfrom polluting (e.g. wood, crop waste, coal)to clean (e.g. gas, electricity) cooking fuels can reduce household air pollution exposures and climate-forcing emissions.While studies have evaluated specific interventions and assessed fuel-switching in repeated cross-sectional surveys, the role of different multilevel factors in household fuel switching, outside of interventions and across diverse community settings, is not well understood. Methods.We examined longitudinal survey data from 24 172 households in 177 rural communities across nine countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study.We assessed household-level primary cooking fuel switching during a median of 10 years offollow up (∼2005–2015).We used hierarchical logistic regression models to examine the relative importance of household, community, sub-national and national-level factors contributing to primary fuel switching. Results. One-half of study households(12 369)reported changing their primary cookingfuels between baseline andfollow up surveys. Of these, 61% (7582) switchedfrom polluting (wood, dung, agricultural waste, charcoal, coal, kerosene)to clean (gas, electricity)fuels, 26% (3109)switched between different polluting fuels, 10% (1164)switched from clean to polluting fuels and 3% (522)switched between different clean fuels

Boosting Capacity Performance of Bio-Waste Lignin-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon with Self-Doped Oxygen-Heteroatoms

Herein, oxygen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (OHPC) is successfully fabricated derived from industrial-waste lignin. The as-obtained OHPC is endowed with not only high specific surface area and favorable pore size distribution for accessible ion diffusion and surface charge storage, but also high surface oxygen content (10.78%) for redox pseudocapacitance contributions. With these multiple advantages, the OHCP electrode demonstrates a high specific capacitance of 258 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 based on a three-electrode configuration, with a calculated pseudocapacitance contribution up to 19%. Furthermore, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor with OHPC also delivers an extremely superior electrochemical performance with outstanding rate capability, impressive cyclic stability (97.5% capacitance retention over 10,000 times under 2 A g−1), and a high energy density of 9.27 Wh kg−1 at 25 W kg−1. This work provides fresh insights into the high-value utilization of bio-waste lignin and promises great potential in the development of high-performance electrode materials for energy storage

Design and Applications of a SO 2

A new SO 2 -surrogate is reported which is cheap, bench-stable, and can be accessed in just two steps from bulk chemicals. Essentially complete SO 2 -release is achieved in 5 minutes. Eight established sulfonylation reactions proceeded smoothly by ex-situ formation of SO 2 utilizing a two-chamber system in combination with the SO 2 -surrogate. Furthermore, we report the first direct aminosulfonylation between aryl iodides and amines. Broad functional group tolerance is demonstrated, and the method is applicable to pharmaceutically relevant substrates, including heterocyclic substrates.</p

Recent Advances in the Addition of Amide/Sulfonamide Bonds to Alkynes

The addition of amide/sulfonamide bonds to alkynes is not only one of the most important strategies for the direct functionalization of carbon&ndash;carbon triple bonds, but also a powerful tool for the downstream transformations of amides/sulfonamides. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of amide/sulfonamide bond addition to alkynes, including direct and metal-free aminoacylation, based-promoted aminoacylation, transition-metal-catalyzed aminoacylation, organocatalytic aminoacylation and transition-metal-catalyzed aminosulfonylation of alkynes up to December 2018. The reaction conditions, regio- and stereoselectivities, and mechanisms are discussed and summarized in detail

FeCl3∙6H2O/TMSBr-Catalyzed Rapid Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinones and Dihydropyrimidinethiones under Microwave Irradiation

An efficient and practical protocol has been developed to synthesize dihydropyrimidinones and dihydropyrimidinethiones through FeCl3∙6H2O/TMSBr-catalyzed three-component cyclocondensation under microwave irradiation. This approach features high yields, broad substrate scope, short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity and easy work-up, thus affording a versatile method for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones and dihydropyrimidinethiones