Choked accretion onto Kerr-Sen black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilation-Axion gravity

We study the choked accretion process of an ultrarelativistic fluid onto axisymmetric Kerr-Sen black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilation-Axion theory. We calculate the solution describing the velocity potential $\Phi$ of a stationary, irrotational fluid, which satisfies the stiff equation of state and draw the streamlined diagram of the quadrupolar flow solution. We investigate how parameters affect the solution's coefficient and stagnation point. The injection rate, ejection rate, and critical angle are discussed in detail at the end of the article. If the inner and outer event horizons of the black hole are satisfied, then we can find that the ratio of the ejection rate to the setting rate increases with an increase in the dilation parameter.Comment: 25pages,10 figure

Identification of the osteoarthritis signature gene PDK1 by machine learning and its regulatory mechanisms on chondrocyte autophagy and apoptosis

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease frequently diagnosed in the elderly and middle-aged population. However, its specific pathogenesis has not been clarified. This study aimed to identify biomarkers for OA diagnosis and elucidate their potential mechanisms for restoring OA-dysregulated autophagy and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro.Material and methodsTwo publicly available transcriptomic mRNA OA-related datasets (GSE10575 and GSE51588) were explored for biomarker identification by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). We applied the GSE32317 and GSE55457 cohorts to validate the markers’ efficacy for diagnosis. The connections of markers to chondrocyte autophagy and apoptosis in OA were also comprehensively explored in vitro using molecular biology approaches, including qRT-PCR and Western blot.ResultsWe identified 286 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. After external cohort validation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, PDK1 was finally identified as a diagnostic marker for OA. The pharmacological properties of BX795-downregulated PDK1 expression inhibited LPS-induced chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis and rescued OA-dysregulated autophagy. Additionally, the phosphorylation of the mediators associated with the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways was significantly downregulated, indicating the regulatory function of PDK1 in apoptosis and autophagy via MAPK and PI3K/AKT-associated signaling pathways in chondrocytes. A significantly positive association between the PDK1 expression and Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Plasma cells, and activated CD4 memory T cells, as well as an evident negative correlation between T cells follicular helper and CD4 naive T cells, were detected in the immune cell infiltration analysis.ConclusionsPDK1 can be used as a diagnostic marker for OA. Inhibition of its expression can rescue OA-dysregulated autophagy and inhibit apoptosis by reducing the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways

Bayesian Modeling of the Yeast SH3 Domain Interactome Predicts Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Endocytosis Proteins

A genome-scale specificity and interaction map for yeast SH3 domain-containing proteins reveal how family members show selective binding to target proteins and predicts the dynamic localization of new candidate endocytosis proteins

Permeation and in situ XRD studies on PdCuAu membranes under H2

PdCuAu membranes are interesting tools for Hseparation especially from sulfur contaminated mixtures. We have studied the preparation of such membranes on ceramic supports via electroless plating and examined their permeation behavior. Alloying of the separately deposited metals was time consuming at 500 °C under H. Hydrogen permeability improved and the associated activation energy became smaller with increasing Au and decreasing Cu content of the alloys. The low-temperature α/β hydride miscibility gap was examined by in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) under Hemploying PdCuAu samples alloyed at 800 °C under N. The gap narrowed with decreasing Pd amount and was reduced stronger by Au addition. This two-phase regime extended beyond 125 °C in hydrogenated PdCuAu. Results from Cu-rich alloys indicate that it can be completely suppressed at room temperature through proper balance of Au and Cu in alloys containing less than 75% Pd. Hence, the risk of embrittlement due to formation of incommensurate α and β hydride phases can be largely mitigated and Au addition to PdCu alloys benefits the low-temperature stability of such membranes. Moreover, the SR-XRD experiments under Huncovered distinct alloys with very similar lattice parameters but differing hydrogen solubility in two Cu-rich samples demonstrating that such in situ studies are very useful for probing the homogeneity of multicomponent alloys.Financial support by the Chinese Academy of Sciences through the External Cooperation Program and the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (Helmholtz-CAS Joint Research Group on Integrated Catalytic Technologies for Efficient Hydrogen Production, grants GJHZ1304 and HCJRG 118) is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge ESRF The European Synchrotron, MINECO and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas CSIC (grant PIE 2010 6 0E 013) for provision of synchrotron radiation

Permeation and in situ XRD studies on PdCuAu membranes under H-2

PdCuAu membranes are interesting tools for H-2 separation especially from sulfur contaminated mixtures. We have studied the preparation of such membranes on ceramic supports via electroless plating and examined their permeation behavior. Alloying of the separately deposited metals was time consuming at 500 degrees C under H-2. Hydrogen permeability improved and the associated activation energy became smaller with increasing Au and decreasing Cu content of the alloys. The low-temperature alpha/beta hydride miscibility gap was examined by in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) under H-2 employing PdCuAu samples alloyed at 800 degrees C under N-2. The gap narrowed with decreasing Pd amount and was reduced stronger by Au addition. This two-phase regime extended beyond 125 degrees C in hydrogenated Pd87Cu7Au6. Results from Cu-rich alloys indicate that it can be completely suppressed at room temperature through proper balance of Au and Cu in alloys containing less than 75% Pd. Hence, the risk of embrittlement due to formation of incommensurate alpha and beta hydride phases can be largely mitigated and Au addition to PdCu alloys benefits the low-temperature stability of such membranes. Moreover, the SR-XRD experiments under H-2 uncovered distinct alloys with very similar lattice parameters but differing hydrogen solubility in two Cu-rich samples demonstrating that such in situ studies are very useful for probing the homogeneity of multicomponent alloys

DataSheet_1_Identification of the osteoarthritis signature gene PDK1 by machine learning and its regulatory mechanisms on chondrocyte autophagy and apoptosis.pdf

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease frequently diagnosed in the elderly and middle-aged population. However, its specific pathogenesis has not been clarified. This study aimed to identify biomarkers for OA diagnosis and elucidate their potential mechanisms for restoring OA-dysregulated autophagy and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro.Material and methodsTwo publicly available transcriptomic mRNA OA-related datasets (GSE10575 and GSE51588) were explored for biomarker identification by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). We applied the GSE32317 and GSE55457 cohorts to validate the markers’ efficacy for diagnosis. The connections of markers to chondrocyte autophagy and apoptosis in OA were also comprehensively explored in vitro using molecular biology approaches, including qRT-PCR and Western blot.ResultsWe identified 286 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. After external cohort validation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, PDK1 was finally identified as a diagnostic marker for OA. The pharmacological properties of BX795-downregulated PDK1 expression inhibited LPS-induced chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis and rescued OA-dysregulated autophagy. Additionally, the phosphorylation of the mediators associated with the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways was significantly downregulated, indicating the regulatory function of PDK1 in apoptosis and autophagy via MAPK and PI3K/AKT-associated signaling pathways in chondrocytes. A significantly positive association between the PDK1 expression and Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Plasma cells, and activated CD4 memory T cells, as well as an evident negative correlation between T cells follicular helper and CD4 naive T cells, were detected in the immune cell infiltration analysis.ConclusionsPDK1 can be used as a diagnostic marker for OA. Inhibition of its expression can rescue OA-dysregulated autophagy and inhibit apoptosis by reducing the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.</p

High-temperature stability of Pd alloy membranes containing Cu and Au

High-temperature stability of Pd-based membranes benefits their application in steam reformers and sulfur-contaminated H-2 streams because both membrane reforming efficiency and sulfur tolerance of Pd alloys increase much with temperature. Hence, we investigated PdCu, PdAu, and PdCuAu membranes supported on porous ceramic tubes between 500 degrees C and 650 degrees C. Remarkably, PdCu membranes were much more stable than Au-containing ones. The H-2 permeation rates of some PdAu and PdCuAu membranes declined at 550 degrees C with substantially increasing N-2 fluxes. This was triggered by severe morphological deformation of the Au alloy films into stoichiometrically inhomogeneous, cavernous structures. The H-2 fluxes of the PdCu membranes started to decline at 650 degrees C with leak flows increasing slightly. Moreover, the PdCu layer morphology remained dense and compositionally homogeneous even after testing for up to 4800 h between 500 and 650 degrees C. The strikingly different high-temperature stability can be understood by considering the divergent surface segregation tendencies of Cu and Au and their differing impact on hydrogen solubility in Pd alloys. As a result, Au may desorb much more easily from membranes than Cu leading to structural instability above 500 degrees C during operation in H-2. The instability of PdAu membranes at high temperatures may be mitigated by addition of sufficient Cu to obtain ternary membranes with good H-2 permeability and better thermal stability