Universality in nonlinear passage through the miscible-immiscible phase transition in two component Bose-Einstein condensates

In this study, we investigate the formation of domain defects and the universal critical real-time dynamics in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with nonlinear quenching across the miscible-immiscible phase transition. By analyzing the Bogoliubov excitations, we obtain the power-law relations among the defect density, the phase transition delay and the quench time near the phase transition. Moreover, by simulating the real-time dynamics across the miscible-immiscible phase transition, we clearly show the formation of domain defects and the delay of the phase transition. Furthermore, we find that the domain defects are suppressed by large nonlinear coefficients and long quench times. To accurately characterize the domain defects, we quantify the defect excitations using the correlation length and the domain number. In addition, by combining the power-law relations between the phase transition delay and the quench time, we extract the critical exponents for different nonlinear coefficients. Our study not only confirms that the critical exponents do not sensitively depend on the nonlinear quenches but also provides a dynamic path toward the suppression of nonadiabatic excitation.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Domain formation and universally critical dynamics through phase separation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

We explore the defect formation and universally critical dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) two-component Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs) subjected to two types of potential traps: a homogeneous trap and a harmonic trap.We focus on the non-equilibrium universal dynamics of the miscible-immiscible phase transition with both linear and nonlinear quenching types.Although there exists spatial independence of the critical point, we find that the inhomogeneity of trap doesn't affect the phase transition of system and the critical exponents can still be explained by the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. By analyzing the Bogoliubov excitations, we establish a power-law relationship between the domain correlation length, the phase transition delay, and the quench time.Furthermore, through real-time simulations of phase transition dynamics, the formation of domain defects and the delay of phase transition in non-equilibrium dynamics are demonstrated, along with the corresponding universal scaling of correlation length and phase transition delay for various quench time and quench coefficients, which align well with our analytical predictions.Our study confirms that the universality class of two-component BECs remains unaffected by dimensionality, while the larger nonlinear coefficients effectively suppress non-adiabatic excitations, offering a novel perspective for addressing adiabatic evolution.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

On-chip topological transport of optical frequency combs in silicon-based valley photonic crystals

The generation and control of optical frequency combs in integrated photonic systems enables complex, high-controllable, and large-scale devices. In parallel, harnessing topological physics in multipartite systems has allowed them with compelling features such as robustness against fabrication imperfections. Here we experimentally demonstrate on-chip topological transport for optical frequency combs at telecommunication wavelengths, both in classical and nonclassical domains. We access both the quantum frequency combs and dissipative Kerr soliton combs with a micro-resonator. The quantum frequency comb, that is, a coherent superposition of multiple frequency modes, is proven to be a frequency-entangled qudit state. We also show that dissipative Kerr soliton combs are highly coherent and mode-locked due to the collective coherence or self-organization of solitons. Moreover, the valley kink states allow both quantum frequency combs and dissipative Kerr soliton combs with robustness against sharp bends. Our topologically protected optical frequency combs could enable the inherent robustness in integrated complex photonic systems.Comment: 20 pages,12 figure

Stretchable Self-Healable Semiconducting Polymer Film for Active-Matrix Strain-Sensing Array

Skin-like sensory devidces shoud be stretchable and self-healable to meet the demands for future electronic skin applications. Despite recent notable advances in skin-inspired electronic materials, it remains challenging to confer these desired functionalities to an active semiconductor. Here, we report a strain-sensitive, stretchable, and autonomously self-healable semiconducting film achieved through blending of a polymer semiconductor and a self-healable elastomer, both of which are dynamically cross-linked by metal coordination. We observed that by controlling the percolation threshold of the polymer semiconductor, the blend film became strain sensitive, with a gauge factor of 5.75 x 105 at 100% strain in a stretchable transistor. The blend film is also highly stretchable (fracture strain, \u3e1300%) and autonomously self-healable at room temperature. We proceed to demonstrate a fully integrated 5 x 5 stretchable active-matrix transistor sensor array capable of detecting strain distribution through surface deformation

Lattice QCD Calculations of Transverse-Momentum-Dependent Soft Function through Large-Momentum Effective Theory

The transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) soft function is a key ingredient in QCD factorization of Drell-Yan and other processes with relatively small transverse momentum. We present a lattice QCD study of this function at moderately large rapidity on a 2 + 1 flavor CLS dynamic ensemble with a = 0.098 fm. We extract the rapidity-independent (or intrinsic) part of the soft function through a large-momentum-transfer pseudoscalar meson form factor and its quasi-TMD wave function using leading-order factorization in large-momentum effective theory. We also investigate the rapidity-dependent part of the soft function-the Collins-Soper evolution kernel-based on the large-momentum evolution of the quasi-TMD wave function

Associations of psychological wellbeing with COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality in adults aged 50 years or older from 25 European countries and Israel

BackgroundLower psychological wellbeing is associated with poor outcomes in a variety of diseases and healthy populations. However, no study has investigated whether psychological wellbeing is associated with the outcomes of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine whether individuals with lower psychological wellbeing are more at risk for poor outcomes of COVID-19.MethodsData were from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 2017 and SHARE's two COVID-19 surveys in June–September 2020 and June–August 2021. Psychological wellbeing was measured using the CASP-12 scale in 2017. The associations of the CASP-12 score with COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality were assessed using logistic models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, household income, education level, and chronic conditions. Sensitivity analyses were performed by imputing missing data or excluding cases whose diagnosis of COVID-19 was solely based on symptoms. A confirmatory analysis was conducted using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). Data analysis took place in October 2022.ResultsIn total, 3,886 individuals of 50 years of age or older with COVID-19 were included from 25 European countries and Israel, with 580 hospitalized (14.9%) and 100 deaths (2.6%). Compared with individuals in tertile 3 (highest) of the CASP-12 score, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of COVID-19 hospitalization were 1.81 (95% CI, 1.41–2.31) for those in tertile 1 (lowest) and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.07–1.75) for those in tertile 2. As for COVID-19 mortality, the adjusted ORs were 2.05 (95% CI, 1.12–3.77) for tertile 1 and 1.78 (95% CI, 0.98–3.23) for tertile 2, compared with tertile 3. The results were relatively robust to missing data or the exclusion of cases solely based on symptoms. This inverse association of the CASP-12 score with COVID-19 hospitalization risk was also observed in ELSA.ConclusionThis study shows that lower psychological wellbeing is independently associated with increased risks of COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality in European adults aged 50 years or older. Further study is needed to validate these associations in recent and future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and other populations

The Improvement of DV-Hop Model and Its Application in the Security Performance of Smart Campus

In the smart campus, sensors are the basic units in the whole the Internet of Things structure, which play the role of collecting information and transmitting it. How to transmits more information at a certain power level has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this paper, the DV-Hop algorithm is optimized by combining simulated annealing-interference particle swarm optimization algorithm to improve the node localization of wireless sensor networks and enhance the security performance of smart campus. To address the problem that particle swarm optimization easily falls into local optimum, a perturbation mechanism is introduced in the basic particle swarm optimization algorithm. Meanwhile, the acceptance probability P is introduced in the simulated annealing algorithm to determine whether a particle is accepted when it “flies” to a new position, which improves the probability of finding a global optimal solution. Comparing the average localization error and optimization rate of the DV-Hop algorithm, PSO-DV-Hop algorithm, and the optimized algorithm. The results show a greater advantage of the algorithm. This will greatly enhance the safety performance and efficiency of the smart campus

Effects of Cervical Rotatory Manipulation (CRM) on Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque in Vulnerability: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study Using Animal Model

Background. The safety of cervical rotatory manipulation (CRM) is still controversial, especially in patients with carotid artery atherosclerosis (CAS). The study aimed to investigate the effects of CRM on carotid plaques in vulnerability. Methods. 50 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: model rabbits with CRM [CAS-CRM (n=15)]; model rabbits without CRM [CAS (n=15)]; normal rabbits with CRM [Normal-CRM (n=10)]; and Blank-control group (n=10). CAS disease models were induced by carotid artery balloon injury combined with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Then, CRM technique was performed in CAS-CRM and Normal-CRM groups for 3 weeks. In the end, determination of serum level of hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2, histological analysis under HE and Masson trichromic staining, and immunohistochemical analysis with CD34 and CD68 antibody were completed in order. Results. Carotid stenosis rates on successful model rabbits ranged from 70% to 98%. The CAS-CRM group had an increased level of hs-CRP (P<0.05), in comparison with the CAS group, whereas effects were not significant between the Normal-CRM group and Blank-control group. In comparison with the CAS group, the positive expression of CD34 and CD68 in the CAS-CRM group increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion. CRM therapy may increase the vulnerability of carotid plaque in rabbits with severe CAS