Nutritional and technological properties of Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) cultivated in Mexican Northeast

The nutritional, cooking and technological properties of the Tepary bean (TB) cultivated in Mexican northeast comparing to two common beans varieties (Pinto Americano and Black Jamapa) were evaluated in this study. Nutritional parameters evaluated of TB resulted significantly different from common beans varieties analysed, except lipid fraction. Cooking times of soaked (4 and 8 h) and non-soaked varieties varied significantly; TB shows between 55.1–80.49 min by cooking time. The textural profile analysis (TPA) of TB showed a significant reduction of hardness, chewiness and adhesiveness in soaked compared to non-soaked. In addition, TB presented a similar behaviour to Pinto Americano in TPA non-soaked and cooked and soaked 8h and cooked, except to adhesiveness. Technological properties of TB and resistant and non-resistant starch content showed significant differences between species. Due to, TB has nutritional, cooking and technological properties comparable to other edible legumes as common bean, mainly Pinto Americano variety

SWISS-MODEL es un generador de modelos estructurales de proteínas cuyas estructuras aún no están depositadas en el PDB

En los últimos 15 años, los científicos han mejorado la habilidad para generar modelos estructurales de las proteínas, cuya estructura tridimensional (3D) se desconoce, gracias al crecimiento del número de estructuras depositadas en la base de datos Protein Data Bank (PDB). En la actualidad, uno de los métodos más usados y más rápidos para la generación de modelos estructurales es el servidor bioinformático SWISS-MODEL, creado para el modelado por homología de estructuras 3D, que comparten hasta 30% de identidad en su secuencia de aminoácidos con otras proteínas de estructura conocida. La calidad de los modelos resultantes se evalúa con varios parámetros bioquímicos (por ejemplo: QMEAN, RAMACHANDRAN plot). El modelo puede mejorarse al incluir el SWISS-MODEL en una línea de trabajo, seguido del servidor CHARMM-GUI y el programa GROMACS. Mientras el servidor CHARMM-GUI aplica al modelo producido, parámetros de un campo de fuerza para crear un sistema proteína-agua, bajo condiciones relevantes biológicamente, apto para simulación, el programa GROMACS minimiza la energía del modelo hasta alcanzar una estructura energéticamente estable, más cercana a como se encuentra en solución o en el sistema biológico. Los modelos generados por esta línea de trabajo pueden ser analizados a detalle por los biólogos estructurales en programas para visualización, como PyMOL, para obtener un mayor entendimiento del fenómeno biológico bajo estudio

Correlation between HIV viral load and aminotransferases as liver damage markers in HIV infected naive patients: a concordance cross-sectional study

Abnormalities in liver function tests could be produced exclusively by direct inflammation in hepatocytes, caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Mechanisms by which HIV causes hepatic damage are still unknown. Our aim was to determine the correlation between HIV viral load, and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as markers of hepatic damage in HIV naive infected patients

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Métodos y técnicas de monitoreo y predicción temprana en los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales

Esta obra concentra los métodos y las técnicas fundamentales para el seguimiento y monitoreo de las dinámicas de los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales (geológicos e hidrometeorológicos) y tiene como objetivo general orientar, apoyar y acompañar a los directivos y operativos de protección civil en aterrizar las acciones y políticas públicas enfocadas a la gestión del riesgo local de desastre

Risk factors and correlates for anemia in HIV treatment-naïve infected patients: a cross-sectional analytical study

Abstract Background Hematologic manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are a well-recognized complication of the disease and may be clinically important. Our objective was to determine the risk factors for anemia and its correlation with HIV treatment-naïve infected patients without co-infection or opportunistic diseases. Findings We performed a cross-sectional comparative study in which HIV treatment-naïve infected patients with anemia were compared with a control group of HIV patients without anemia. The interrelationship between risk factors and anemia was determined. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, to adjust for the effects of potential confounders and we used a logistic regression model. Pearson's correlation coefficient was obtained to calculate the correlation between risk factors and hemoglobin. We enrolled 54 men and 9 women. Anemia was found in 13 patients; prevalence .20 (CI 95% 0.12-0.32). Severe anemia was found in only one patient (1.5%). Only CD4+ Cells Count 3 was associated with increased risk of anemia in the multivariate analysis. There was a moderately strong, positive correlation between WBC and hemoglobin (r = 0.49, P Conclusions Anemia is a common manifestation in the Mexican population without antiretroviral therapy. In HIV naïve patients a CD4+ Cell Count 3 was associated with an increased risk of anemia. There is a positive correlation between hemoglobin and CD4+ cell count.</p

Synthesis and magnetocaloric characterization of rapidly solidified ErMn2 melt-spun ribbons

"We have fabricated melt-spun ribbons of nominal composition ErMn2 and studied their phase constitution and magnetocaloric (MC) properties by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), magnetization and heat capacity measurements. The major phase formed shows the MgZn2-type hexagonal structure (C14-type); however, both XRD and SEM analyses revealed the formation of impurity phases (i.e., Er6Mn23 and ErMn12). Ribbons exhibit a saturation magnetization of 149 Am2kg?1 at 2 K and a Curie temperature of TC = 15 K. A field-induced metamagnetic transition at very low critical magnetic fields was observed below 8 K that leads to a change of sign in the magnetic entropy change ?SM below this temperature (?SMpeak = 2.5 Jkg?1K?1 at 2 K and 5 T). For a magnetic field change of 5 T (2 T) applied along the ribbon length, the samples show a large peak value of the magnetic entropy change ?SMpeak of ?20.5 (?10.8) Jkg?1K?1, a full-width at half-maximum ?TFWHM for the ?SM(T) curve of 20 (12) K, and a maximum adiabatic temperature change ?Tadmax of 7.4 (3.6) K. The obtained results are compared with the reported in literature by other authors for bulk alloys.