11,733 research outputs found
Corporate Ownership Structure and Performance in Europe
In this paper, we show that ownership structures vary considerably across Europe, and that the dominant form ofownership is not necessarily the most efficient one. These findings are in contradiction to similar research basedon US samples. The results also demonstrate that firms without a dominant shareholder tend to outperform theircountry peer groups. We base our analysis on a new and unique dataset of uniform ownership data of the largest100 firms in the five major European economies. We quantify the differences in ownership by comparing threedistinct ownership structures of firms and relating them to performance. For the first time we employ aHodrick-Prescott Filter, a methodology widely used in macroeconomics to isolate the trend growth componentsfrom cyclical fluctuations, to estimate the share price trend of each firm. We take this trend as a good indirectindicator of the quality of governance.Corporate governance, ownership structures, performance, Europe
Hybrid superprism with low insertion losses and suppressed cross-talk
We demonstrate with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method that an adiabatic transition in a superprism with an interface along the [1 [overline 2]] direction enhances the transmission through the superprism to more than 90% (â0.5 dB) over the wavelength range 1.47â1.68 ”m, including the telecommunication C and L bands. We also show that diffraction governed by a quasinegative index of refraction inside the superprism can be used to obtain nearly transform-limited beam widths at the output of the superprism. The reduction of the beam width at the output suppresses cross-talk and greatly enhances the achievable frequency resolution of the superprism
A randomised controlled trial of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of rotator cuff related shoulder pain
Study design Multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial. Objectives To compare the effectiveness of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as part of the management for people diagnosed with rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP). Summary of background Although there is no robust evidence to support their use, omega-3 PUFAs have been recommended for those with tendinopathy due to their potential to moderate inflammation. Methods Participants with RCRSP (n=73) were randomised to take either nine MaxEPA capsules providing 1.53âg eicosapentaenoic acid, 1.04âg docosahexaenoic acid or nine matching placebo capsules containing oleic acid per day for 8âweeks. In addition, participants attended an exercise/education programme for 8âweeks. Participants were assessed at prerandomisation, 8âweeks (primary outcome point), 3âmonths, 6âmonths and 12 months (secondary outcome point). Primary outcome was the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS). Secondary outcomes included the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Patient Specific Functional Score, Euro Qol 5D-3L, Short Form 36, global rating of change and impairment measurements. Analysis was by intention to treat. Results Difference in the change in the OSS between the two groups at 2 months was â0.1 (95% CI â2.6 to 2.5, p=0.95). The change in SPADI scores was â8.3 (95% CI â15.6 to â0.94, p=0.03, analysed by analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline) at 3 months. Conclusion Omega-3 PUFA supplementation may have a modest effect on disability and pain outcomes in RCRSP.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
Monodromy Substitutions and Rational Blowdowns
We introduce several new families of relations in the mapping class groups of
planar surfaces, each equating two products of right-handed Dehn twists. The
interest of these relations lies in their geometric interpretation in terms of
rational blowdowns of 4-manifolds, specifically via monodromy substitution in
Lefschetz fibrations. The simplest example is the lantern relation, already
shown by the first author and Gurtas to correspond to rational blowdown along a
-4 sphere; here we give relations that extend that result to realize the
"generalized" rational blowdowns of Fintushel-Stern and Park by monodromy
subsitution, as well as several of the families of rational blowdowns
discovered by Stipsicz-Szab\'o-Wahl.Comment: 28 pages, many figures. v2: minor edits; this version accepted for
publication in Journal of Topolog
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Death after closed adolescent knee injury and popliteal artery occlusion: a case report and clinical review.
A healthy adolescent male soccer player sustained a radiograph-negative, effusion-negative physeal injury of the proximal tibia from a ground-level fall with traumatic occlusion of the popliteal artery. Orthopaedic evaluation and arteriography were delayed for 72 hours after the injury. He arrived at a tertiary referral center in multisystem organ failure secondary to lower extremity ischemic necrosis, septic pulmonary thromboembolism, and systemic shock. Emergent medical evaluation, a high index of suspicion, and a careful neurovascular examination are imperative after every closed knee injury in the young athlete
International Law in Asia: An Initial Review
It is now a little over half a century since the first of the states of Asia to be granted their independence in the aftermath of the Second World War became sovereign and independent of their former colonial masters. In that period there have been very substantial changes in international law. The number of the family of nations has more than tripled and international organisations and even individuals are now subject to the application of international law. Space law, human rights and the law of the environment have appeared, the law of the sea has been transformed, disarmament has reappeared as a serious subject, the use of force banned, in theory at least, and a new international legal order declared and these are only some of the most obvious developments
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