Piloting a Nationally Disseminated, Interactive Human Subjects Protection Program for Community Partners: Unexpected Lessons Learned from the Field

Funders, institutions, and research organizations are increasingly recognizing the need for human subjects protections training programs for those engaged in academic research. Current programs tend to be online and directed toward an audience of academic researchers. Research teams now include many nonacademic members, such as community partners, who are less likely to respond to either the method or the content of current online trainings. A team at the CTSA‐supported Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research at the University of Michigan developed a pilot human subjects protection training program for community partners that is both locally implemented and adaptable to local contexts, yet nationally consistent and deliverable from a central administrative source. Here, the developers of the program and the collaborators who participated in the pilot across the United States describe 10 important lessons learned that align with four major themes: The distribution of the program, the implementation of the program, the involvement of community engagement in the program, and finally lessons regarding the content of the program. These lessons are relevant to anyone who anticipates developing or improving a training program that is developed in a central location and intended for local implementation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106833/1/cts12155.pd

Patriotism on trial: Native Americans in World War II.

The Indian New Deal of the 1930s changed official policy from assimilationist attitudes to acculturation on the reservation and an emphasis on tribal culture. John Collier's program included self-determination in tribal matters and advancements in health, education, and the economy. Despite improvements in these areas, many critics charged that Collier's administration increased bureaucracy and hampered Indian attempts at decision making. The American Indian Federation, one of Collier's most relentless critics and a group with extreme right-wing, Fascist connections, succeeded in publicizing the Indian Bureau's deficiencies but failed to gain many followers among Indians. Native Americans appeared oblivious, puzzled, or overtly hostile to this group which undermined its own efforts with its blatant racism, anti-Semitism, and un-American attitudes which struck at the very heart of American Indian patriotism. This deep-seated patriotism, manifested in World War II by a ninety-nine percent registration for the draft, accompanied a resurgence of tribal sovereignty as Indians demanded the right to refuse to enlist. Based on government violation of treaty rights, this refusal emerged as a philosophical argument, because Native Americans enlisted in numbers comparable to their white peers. Politicians critical of the Indian New Deal exploited the Indian war effort to push their own agenda of reversing the Indian Reorganization Act. The enormous wartime sacrifices and contributions offered by civilian Indians further convinced the public and politicians that Native Americans no longer needed supervision. In postwar America Indians who had willingly given labor, resources, and finances found that their role in America's war would be all too easily forgotten. The Indian veteran and his civilian counterparts soon realized that their fight for freedom did not end in Europe or in the Pacific. When they returned to their homes and encountered injustices which had always existed, Native Americans refused to passively accept these situations. In the 1940s American Indians asserted their rights and began the fight for equality which would continue for the next three decades

The patriotism of American Indians in World War II

Abstract not availabl

Number Seven: War and the Southwest Series

A non-fiction book about Native Americans serving in the military during World War II, as well as Native American efforts on the home-front. The book also chronicles attempts by Nazi propagandists to exploit Native Americans for the Third Reich, and the postwar experiences of Native Americans. Includes photographs of Native American civilians and military personnel. Index starts on page 219

Obesity related metabolic abnormalities: distribution and geographic differences among middle-aged and older Chinese populations

Objective. To investigate geographic differences in obesity related metabolic abnormalities in middle-aged and older Chinese people with different levels of adiposity. Method. Data from 3289 individuals aged 50-70 years who participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2005 (1641 from northern [Beijing] and 1648 from southern [Shanghai] China) were analyzed. Overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity were classified as body mass index >= 24 kg/m(2) and waist circumference >= 90 cm for men and >= 80 cm for women. Metabolic abnormalities (metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes) were defined using the NCEP/ATPIII criteria. Results. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 53.4%, and the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 48.0%, respectively. The prevalence of the metabolic abnormalities was significantly higher among obese individuals than their normal weight counterparts. The association between obesity and the higher prevalence of the metabolic abnormalities was more pronounced among people who were overweight or obese in the north, especially for those living in rural areas. Conclusion. The prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities varies substantially among Chinese people in different geographic region. Individuals who were overweight or obese living in rural areas in the north contribute importantly to the north-south differences in obesity-related metabolic abnormalities among Chinese populations. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved