An Exploration of Tennis Consumption Experiences by a Beginner Named 'Te-rin-e': The Desire for Self-Expression, Conflict with Mainstream Culture, and Knowledge-Based Consumption

PURPOSE This study focuses on the experiences of novice tennis enthusiasts in Korea, aligning with the rising popularity of tennis as a burgeoning cultural phenomenon. METHODS Employing an ethnographic approach, we included eight participants with <5 years of tennis, in addition to three auxiliary participants. RESULTS The primary findings of this study are as follows: First, novice tennis players from the MZ generation actively employ tennis as a means of personal expression, sharing their tennis-related fashion and experiences on SNS. Second, most novice tennis players report a sense of detachment from the traditional club-centric tennis culture, gravitating toward casual court usage, spontaneous activities, and flexible membership structures. F inally, despite their modest technical proficiency, they avidly engage in knowledge-based consumption, displaying a profound grasp of tennis-related information. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide valuable insights into comprehending this burgeoning cultural phenomenon in Korean society, stemming from the escalating interest in tennis, and can serve as a valuable benchmark for establishing development strategies for tennis

Impact of moods induced by sports programming on commercial evaluation

This study investigated the effects of moods induced by sports programming on commercial evaluation. Participants were exposed to one of two commercials (either emotional or informational) within one of two basketball games (win or loss) and asked to evaluate the commercials. The results revealed an interaction effect (but did not meet the conventional level: alpha = .05, p = .083) between moods and commercial appeals on commercial evaluation. Participants who watched the losing game had a more favorable attitude toward an emotional commercial than those who watched the winning game; whereas there was no difference in attitude toward informational commercials between fans who watched the wining game and fans who watched the losing game. This consequence provides partial support for a mood regulation model that suggests that people with such moods tend to make a favorable evaluation of the target because of the need to relieve negative moods. Significantly, this study suggests that because an emotional appeal better serves as a source for alleviating negative moods than an informational appeal, the mood regulation effect is likely to occur when the target commercial is emotionally appealing.

Thickness-dependent Dirac dispersions of few-layer topological insulators supported by metal substrate

The surface states protected by time-reversal symmetry in 3-dimensional topological insulators have recently been confirmed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, quantum transport and so on. However, the electronic properties of ultra-thin topological insulator films have not been extensively studied, especially when the films are grown on metal substrates. In this paper, we have elucidated the local behaviors of the electronic states of ultra-thin topological insulator Bi2Se3 grown with molecular beam epitaxy on Au(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. We have observed linear dispersion of electron interference patterns at higher energies than the Fermi energy that were not accessible by conventional angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Moreover, the dispersion of the interference patterns varies with the film thickness, which is explained by band bending near the interface between the topological insulator and the metal substrate. Our experiments demonstrate that interfacial effects in thin topological insulator films on metal substrate can be sensed using scanning tunneling spectroscopy. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.

A Study on the Anomaly Detection of Engine Clutch Engagement/Disengagement Using Machine Learning for Transmission Mounted Electric Drive Type Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Transmission mounted electric drive type hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) engage/disengage an engine clutch when EV↔HEV mode transitions occur. If this engine clutch is not adequately engaged or disengaged, driving power is not transmitted correctly. Therefore, it is required to verify whether engine clutch engagement/disengagement operates normally in the vehicle development process. This paper studied machine learning-based methods for detecting anomalies in the engine clutch engagement/disengagement process. We trained the various models based on multi-layer perceptron (MLP), long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network (CNN), and one-class support vector machine (one-class SVM) with the actual vehicle test data and compared their results. The test results showed the one-class SVM-based models have the highest anomaly detection performance. Additionally, we found that configuring the training architecture to determine normal/anomaly by data instance and conducting one-class classification is proper for detecting anomalies in the target data

Single-crystalline Cu2O thin films of optical quality as obtained by the oxidation of single-crystal Cu thin films at low temperature

High-quality, single-crystal-like Cu2O thin films of various thicknesses (10 nm-45 nm) were prepared at a low temperature (150 degrees C) by controlling layer-by-layer oxidation of wafer-scale Cu thin films sputtered along the (111) direction using a pure single-crystal Cu target. The cross-sectional images of the thin films reveal high crystallinity of Cu2O layers except for 60 degrees twinning in the sequential stacking order as evidenced by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which is consistent with the absence of the photoluminescence (PL) signals arising from atomic-scale vacancies. The optical properties of our Cu2O films were investigated using temperature-dependent PL and Raman spectroscopy. All of the Cu2O thin films exhibit characteristic band-to-band transitions together with the series of yellow excitonic transitions slightly below the fundamental bandgap. The spectral locations for the PL are approximately consistent with those for the bulk counterpart. The excellent optical quality of our Cu2O was further demonstrated by significantly reduced quasi-direct transition that occurs at symmetry breaking crystal imperfection, which relaxes the stringent momentum conservation rule. We identified the three main Raman scattering modes of the Cu2O thin films, where the two forbidden modes of Gamma((1))(15) and Gamma(-)(12) + Gamma(-)(25) are resonantly allowed by the proximity of the incident photon energy to the green bandgap. We believe that our synthesis technique can be utilized for the preparation of single-crystal-like metal oxide thin films at low production temperatures with precise thickness control for the development of novel optoelectronic devices and for the exploration of the nanoscale light-matter interaction as well. (C) 2019 Author(s

Impact of vertical stratification on the 2020 spring bloom in the Yellow Sea

Abstract The Yellow Sea is one of the world’s most abundant marine resources, providing food and economic benefits to the Korean and Chinese populations. In spring 2020, a decrease in the intensity of phytoplankton bloom was observed. While one study attributed this decline to a decrease in nutrient associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, our previous research proposed weakened thermal stratification accompanied by a surface cooling anomaly as the cause. However, the relationship between the marine environment and ecosystem has not been fully elucidated. Using observations and marine physical-biogeochemical model data, we identified the weakened stratification as a critical factor for suppressing the 2020 spring bloom. Intense vertical mixing hindered the accumulation of nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations within the euphotic zone, resulting in a diminished phytoplankton bloom. In contrast, reduced nitrate and phosphate concentrations in 2020 were insignificant compared to those in 2017–2019, despite the notable decline in PM2.5 in March 2020 due to COVID-19. In April 2020, nutrient levels fell within the range of interannual variability based on long-term observations, reflecting a negligible effect on the spring phytoplankton bloom. Our findings provide insight into the importance of marine physical factors on the phytoplankton biomass in the Yellow Sea

Single-crystalline Cu2O thin films of optical quality as obtained by the oxidation of single-crystal Cu thin films at low temperature

High-quality, single-crystal-like Cu2O thin films of various thicknesses (10 nm–45 nm) were prepared at a low temperature (150 °C) by controlling layer-by-layer oxidation of wafer-scale Cu thin films sputtered along the (111) direction using a pure single-crystal Cu target. The cross-sectional images of the thin films reveal high crystallinity of Cu2O layers except for 60° twinning in the sequential stacking order as evidenced by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which is consistent with the absence of the photoluminescence (PL) signals arising from atomic-scale vacancies. The optical properties of our Cu2O films were investigated using temperature-dependent PL and Raman spectroscopy. All of the Cu2O thin films exhibit characteristic band-to-band transitions together with the series of yellow excitonic transitions slightly below the fundamental bandgap. The spectral locations for the PL are approximately consistent with those for the bulk counterpart. The excellent optical quality of our Cu2O was further demonstrated by significantly reduced quasi-direct transition that occurs at symmetry-breaking crystal imperfection, which relaxes the stringent momentum conservation rule. We identified the three main Raman scattering modes of the Cu2O thin films, where the two forbidden modes of Γ15(1) and Γ12−+Γ25− are resonantly allowed by the proximity of the incident photon energy to the green bandgap. We believe that our synthesis technique can be utilized for the preparation of single-crystal-like metal oxide thin films at low production temperatures with precise thickness control for the development of novel optoelectronic devices and for the exploration of the nanoscale light-matter interaction as well

DataSheet_1_Phytoplankton spring succession pattern in the Yellow Sea surveyed at Socheongcho Ocean Research Station.docx

The spring phytoplankton bloom is a critical event in temperate oceans typically associated with the highest productivity levels throughout the year. To investigate the bloom process in the Yellow Sea, daily data on physical, chemical, and phytoplankton taxonomic group biomass, calculated via the chemotaxonomic approach, were collected from late March or early April to late May between 2018 and 2020 at the Socheongcho Ocean Research Station. During early spring (late March to mid-April), phytoplankton biomass increased, accompanied by a decrease in nutrient levels, with Bacillariophyceae and Cryptophyceae being the dominant groups. As water temperature increased, a pycnocline began to develop in late April, leading to a peak of the phytoplankton bloom dominated by chlorophytes and Cryptophyceae. Network analysis suggested that this phytoplankton bloom was caused by the onset of vertical stratification induced by increased sea surface temperature. The chlorophyte peak induced phosphate limitation above the pycnocline, resulting in succession to Prymnesiophyceae and Dinophyceae. Following pycnocline formation, phytoplankton biomass below the pycnocline was dominated by Bacillariophyceae and Cryptophyceae, with decreasing or fluctuating trends depending on phosphate concentration. Apart from these general patterns, 2019 and 2020 both had distinctive traits. The 2019 data revealed lower phosphate concentrations than the other 2 years, leading to a smaller chlorophyte peak at the surface compared to 2018 and extreme phosphate limitation above the pycnocline. This limitation resulted in decreased biomass of late successional groups, including Prymnesiophyceae and Dinophyceae. Pycnocline formation was delayed in year 2020, and stratification was significantly weaker compared to the previous 2 years. Due to the pycnocline delay, the surface chlorophyte peak did not develop and no succession to late successional groups was observed. Instead, high levels of Bacillariophyceae and Cryptophyceae biomass were observed throughout the water column with no surface bloom. Thus, among various environmental factors, increasing surface water temperature and phosphate concentrations play pivotal roles in shaping phytoplankton bloom dynamics. Distinct yearly variation points to the broader impacts of climate shifts, emphasizing the need for continued marine monitoring.</p