“A National Playground Both in Summer and Winter”: Civic Groups, Ethnic Organizations, and Tourism Promotion in Revelstoke, BC, 1890-1920

In the years leading up to and during the First World War, civic organizationsin the railway town of Revelstoke, British Columbia, diversified the economyby establishing a two-season tourist trade based on mountain scenery, outdoorrecreation, and spectator sport. Before the war, progressive urban boosters anda mountaineering club well-connected to the province’s Public Works departmentsuccessfully lobbied for a trail and an automobile road to the summit, as well asthe establishment of a national park on Mt. Revelstoke. During the war, emphasisshifted to the promotion of winter sports, as residents of Scandinavian originfounded a ski club and organized an annual winter carnival to promote economicdevelopment and physical fitness. At a time when the loyalty of non-Anglophoneimmigrants was under question, and interned enemy aliens were forced tolabour on the national park road, these activities also served to demonstrateScandinavian-Canadians’ loyalty and value to Canada.Au cours des années précédant la Première Guerre mondiale et pendant celle-ci, des organismes locaux de Revelstoke, centre ferroviaire de la Colombie-Britannique, ont diversifié l’économie en mettant en place une activité touristiqueétalée sur deux saisons et fondée sur les paysages de montagne, le plein air et lesport passif. Avant la guerre, des progressistes partisans de l’expansion urbaineet un club d’alpinisme bien branchés sur le ministère des Travaux publics de laprovince avaient fait pression avec succès pour la construction d’un sentier etd’une route pour automobiles allant jusqu’au sommet du mont Revelstoke, demême que pour l’établissement d’un parc national sur cette montagne. Mais,pendant la guerre, on a plutôt mis l’accent sur la promotion des sports d’hiver,car des résidents d’origine scandinave ont fondé un club de ski et organisé uncarnaval d’hiver annuel afin de promouvoir le développement économique et laforme physique. À un moment où la loyauté des immigrants non anglophonesétait remise en question et où les sujets de pays ennemis internés étaient forcés de travailler à la route du parc national, ces activités ont également servi à faire lapreuve de la loyauté des Canadiens scandinaves et de leur valeur pour le Canada

Alien Registration- Clayton, Jenny (Auburn, Androscoggin County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/30371/thumbnail.jp

Differentiating and Assessing Relationships in Service-Learning and Civic Engagement: Exploitative, Transactional, or Transformational

As a defining aspect of service-learning and civic engagement, relationships can exist among faculty members, students, community organizations, community members, and administrators on campus. This research developed procedures to measure several aspects of these relationships. Investigators collected information from 20 experienced service-learning faculty members about their relationships with repre- sentatives of community organizations using the newly-developed Transformational Relationship Evaluation Scale (TRES). Results indicate that transactional and transformational qualities can be dif- ferentiated using TRES and are related to other characteristics of relationships (e.g., closeness). Conceptual work underlying this study aims to advance practitioner-scholars’ understanding of partner- ships as one type of relationship, offering a refinement on and an expansion of the terminology associ- ated with service-learning and civic engagement

Harvesting the benefits when growing older

This picture was taken at a community garden where researchers at Cardiff Metropolitan University have been investigating the benefits of gardening activity for physical and psychological health in later life. The Growing a Healthy Older Population in Wales (GHOP) project has found that allotments and community gardens are nurturing environments not only for plants but for humans too. Over the course of a four-month prospective study, Jemma Hawkins, the research officer on the project, and her colleagues Debbie Clayton and Jenny Mercer found improvements in participants’ health and wellbeing on measures of body mass index, hand-grip strength, perceived stress levels and selfesteem that were not observed in a wait-list control group. This sample of older gardeners also kept diaries that informed follow-up interviews exploring their experiences of being a newcomer to allotment gardening. Findings indicated that, even during the first couple of years, keeping an allotment can have significant benefits. For example, participants discussed the importance of regular social interaction at the site, and the sense of achievement and satisfaction that arises from their activity. This has several parallels with the research team’s previous findings (published in the June 2013 issue of Ecopsychology) that both engaging in gardening activities and being in such a natural environment have the potential to reduce stress and enhance healthy ageing. For further information on the GHOP project go to www.cardiffmet.ac.uk/ghop

Clinical and molecular features of thiazide-induced hyponatremia

Hypertension affects more than 30% of the world’s adult population and thiazide (and thiazide-like) diuretics are amongst the most widely used, effective and least costly treatments available, with all-cause mortality benefits equivalent to ACE inhibitors or calcium channel antagonists. A minority of patients develop Thiazide Induced Hyponatremia (TIH) and this is largely unpredictable at the point of thiazide prescription. In some cases TIH can cause debilitating symptoms and require hospital admission. Although TIH affects only a minority of patients exposed to thiazides, the high prevalence of hypertension leads to TIH being the most common cause of drug-induced hyponatremia requiring hospital admission in the UK. This review examines current clinical and scientific understanding of TIH. Consideration is given to demographic associations, limitations of current electrolyte monitoring regimens, clinical presentation, the phenotype evident on routine clinical blood and urine tests as well as more extensive analyses of blood and urine in research settings, recent genetic associations with TIH and thoughts on management of the condition. Recent genetic and phenotyping analysis has suggested that prostaglandin E2 pathways in the collecting duct may have a role in the development of TIH in a subgroup of patients. Greater understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of TIH raises the prospect of pre-prescription TIH risk profiling and may offer novel insights into how TIH may be avoided, prevented and treated. The rising prevalence of hypertension and the widespread use of thiazides mean that further understanding of TIH will continue to be a pressing issue for patients, physicians and scientists alike for the foreseeable future

“Doing” gardening and “being” at the allotment site: exploring the benefits of allotment gardening for stress reduction and healthy aging

The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits to health and well-being of allotment gardening (in Wales, UK) in a community-dwelling older adult sample, with a particular emphasis on stress recovery. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore allotment gardener participants' personal beliefs and ideas of the benefits of their allotment gardening activity. The transcribed interviews were examined using thematic analysis. It was assumed that through the discussion of positive aspects of allotment gardening it would be possible to clarify specific benefits that relate to coping with stress in order to further an understanding of the mechanisms involved. Findings indicate that allotment gardeners appreciate both “doing” gardening activity as well as “being” at the allotment landscape for affording a wide range of benefits to their health and well-being. These benefits are discussed with reference to existing theory and research, including links to stress reduction

Stau-catalyzed 6^6Li Production in Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis

If the gravitino mass is in the region from a few GeV to a few 10's GeV, the scalar lepton X such as stau is most likely the next lightest supersymmetry particle. The negatively charged and long-lived X^- may form a Coulomb bound state (A X) with a nucleus A and may affect the big-bang nucleosynthesis through catalyzed fusion process. We calculate a production cross section of Li6 from the catalyzed fusion (He4 X^-) + d \to Li6 + X^- by solving the Schr\"{o}dinger equation exactly for three-body system of He4, d, and X. We utilize the state-of-the-art coupled-channel method, which is known to be very accurate to describe other three-body systems in nuclear and atomic reactions. The importance of the use of appropriate nuclear potential and the exact treatment of the quantum tunneling in the fusion process are emphasized. We find that the astrophysical S-factor at the Gamow peak corresponding to T=10 keV is 0.038 MeV barn. This leads to the Li6 abundance from the catalyzed process as Li6|_{CBBN}\simeq 4.3\times 10^{-11} (D/2.8\times 10^{-5}) ([n_{X^-}/s]/10^{-16}) in the limit of long lifetime of X. Particle physics implication of this result is also discussed.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

New Perspectives in Dried Blood Spot Biomarkers for Lysosomal Storage Diseases

Dried blood spots (DBSs) biomarkers are convenient for monitoring for specific lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), but they could have relevance for other LSDs. To determine the specificity and utility of glycosphingolipidoses biomarkers against other LSDs, we applied a multiplexed lipid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay to a DBS cohort of healthy controls (n = 10) and Gaucher (n = 4), Fabry (n = 10), Pompe (n = 2), mucopolysaccharidosis types I–VI (n = 52), and Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) (n = 5) patients. We observed no complete disease specificity for any of the markers tested. However, comparison among the different LSDs highlighted new applications and perspectives of the existing biomarkers. We observed elevations in glucosylceramide isoforms in the NPC and Gaucher patients relative to the controls. In NPC, there was a greater proportion of C24 isoforms, giving a specificity of 96–97% for NPC, higher than 92% for the NPC biomarker N-palmitoyl-O-phosphocholineserine ratio to lyso-sphingomyelin. We also observed significantly elevated levels of lyso-dihexosylceramide in Gaucher and Fabry disease as well as elevated lyso-globotriaosylceramide (Lyso-Gb3) in Gaucher disease and the neuronopathic forms of Mucopolysaccharidoses. In conclusion, DBS glucosylceramide isoform profiling has increased the specificity for the detection of NPC, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy. Low levels of lyso-lipids can be observed in other LSDs, which may have implications in their disease pathogenesis

Seasonal Differences of Gene Expression Profiles in Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) Hypothalamus in Relation to Territorial Aggression

) are territorial year-round; however, neuroendocrine responses to simulated territorial intrusion (STI) differ between breeding (spring) and non-breeding seasons (autumn). In spring, exposure to STI leads to increases in luteinizing hormone and testosterone, but not in autumn. These observations suggest that there are fundamental differences in the mechanisms driving neuroendocrine responses to STI between seasons. Microarrays, spotted with EST cDNA clones of zebra finch, were used to explore gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus after territorial aggression in two different seasons.Free-living territorial male song sparrows were exposed to either conspecific or heterospecific (control) males in an STI in spring and autumn. Behavioral data were recorded, whole hypothalami were collected, and microarray hybridizations were performed. Quantitative PCR was performed for validation. Our results show 262 cDNAs were differentially expressed between spring and autumn in the control birds. There were 173 cDNAs significantly affected by STI in autumn; however, only 67 were significantly affected by STI in spring. There were 88 cDNAs that showed significant interactions in both season and STI.Results suggest that STI drives differential genomic responses in the hypothalamus in the spring vs. autumn. The number of cDNAs differentially expressed in relation to season was greater than in relation to social interactions, suggesting major underlying seasonal effects in the hypothalamus which may determine the differential response upon social interaction. Functional pathway analyses implicated genes that regulate thyroid hormone action and neuroplasticity as targets of this neuroendocrine regulation

The Development of Biophotovoltaic Systems for Power Generation and Biological Analysis.

Biophotovoltaic systems (BPVs) resemble microbial fuel cells, but utilise oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms associated with an anode to generate an extracellular electrical current, which is stimulated by illumination. Study and exploitation of BPVs have come a long way over the last few decades, having benefited from several generations of electrode development and improvements in wiring schemes. Power densities of up to 0.5 W m-2 and the powering of small electrical devices such as a digital clock have been reported. Improvements in standardisation have meant that this biophotoelectrochemical phenomenon can be further exploited to address biological questions relating to the organisms. Here, we aim to provide both biologists and electrochemists with a review of the progress of BPV development with a focus on biological materials, electrode design and interfacial wiring considerations, and propose steps for driving the field forward