The Influence of Gender and Self-Efficacy on Healthy Eating in a Low-Income Urban Population Affected by Structural Changes to the Food Environment

Although US obesity prevention efforts have begun to implement a variety of system and environmental change strategies to address the underlying socioecological barriers to healthy eating, factors which can impede or facilitate community acceptance of such interventions are often poorly understood. This is due, in part, to the paucity of subpopulation health data that are available to help guide local planning and decision-making. We contribute to this gap in practice by examining area-specific health data for a population targeted by federally funded nutrition interventions in Los Angeles County. Using data from a local health assessment that collected information on sociodemographics, self-reported health behaviors, and objectively measured height, weight, and blood pressure for a subset of low-income adults (n = 720), we compared health risks and predictors of healthy eating across at-risk groups using multivariable modeling analyses. Our main findings indicate being a woman and having high self-efficacy in reading Nutrition Facts labels were strong predictors of healthy eating (P<0.05). These findings suggest that intervening with women may help increase the reach of these nutrition interventions, and that improving self-efficacy in healthy eating through public education and/or by other means can help prime at-risk groups to accept and take advantage of these food environment changes

Opal-like photonic structuring of perovskite solar cells using a genetic algorithm approach

Light management is an important area of photovoltaic research, but little is known about it in perovskite solar cells. The present work numerically studies the positive effect of structuring the photo-active layer of perovskite material. This structuration consists of a hybrid absorbing layer made of an uniform part and an opal-like part. A genetic algorithm approach allows us to determine the optimal combination among more than 1.4 10 potential combinations. The optimal combination provides an internal quantum efficiency of 98.1%, nearly 2% higher than for an equivalent unstructured photo-active layer. The robustness of the optimum against potential experimental deviations, as well as the angular dependency of the proposed structure, are examined in the present study.ELSSOL; ARC - Actions de Recherche Concerté

Photonic management using opal-like crystals in perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells recently showed a tremendous interest among the photovoltaic community. However, little is known on the effect of light management inside PV architectures. We compare structured and unstructured absorbing layers in order to enhance the integrated quantum efficiency. The photo-active layer is made of monolayer, bilayer or trilayer of perovskite spheres inside a TiO2 matrix. The excitation of guided resonances via Fano resonances inside the absorbing spheres enhances the integrated quantum efficiency and enables a photonic gain as high as 6.4%. Influence of sphere's radius, incident angle and incident polarization on the absorbing properties are also reported

Efficiency enhancement of perovskite solar cells based on opal-like photonic crystals

peer reviewedELSSOL; ARC - Actions de Recherche Concerté

Benefits of photonic structuring on perovskite solar cells using opal-like layers

ELSSO

When citizens and scientists work together: a French collaborative science network on earthworms communities distribution

International audienc

Burden of Bites by Dogs and Other Animals in Los Angeles County, California, 2009-2011

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to analyze all animal-to-human bite reports during a 3-year period from a regional surveillance database. Results helped to inform local efforts to reduce and prevent animal-to-human bites.MethodsWe reviewed all cases of animal-to-human bites occurring from 2009 through 2011 that were reported to the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health's Animal Bites Database. We collected data on the bite victim's date of birth, age, and address; bite circumstances (ie, date, time, location, how bite occurred); anatomic site and treatment of bite; type of reporting facility; and breed and management of biting animal.ResultsFrom 2009 through 2011, 26   169 animal-to-human bites were reported, of which 23   103 (88%) were dog bites. Most animal-to-human bites (n = 7673, 29%) occurred between 4 pm and 8 pm and peaked during the month of July (n = 2663, 10%). Most animal-to-human bites occurred outdoors (n = 8772, 34%) and while victims engaged in recreational activities (n = 4353, 17%). The hands were the most common injury site (n = 9130, 35%), and only 1% of animal bites (n = 267) resulted in hospitalization. A total of 4115 bite victims (16%) received tetanus vaccinations. Of all animal-to-human bite cases, medical organizations reported 13   451 (51%), and animal control agencies reported 10   682 (41%).ConclusionsAnimal-to-human bites can often lead to medical complications. Surveillance is essential in helping to identify, manage, and reduce these highly preventable injuries and direct public health actions and policies on animal bite risk and prevention

When citizens and scientists work together: a French collaborative science network on earthworms communities distribution

International audienc

When citizens and scientists work together: a French collaborative science network on earthworms communities distribution

International audienc